Transcript

0.10 - 7.60
We began reading the early church fathers along with, you know, the, uh, Saint Hippolytus who began unpacking the liturgy.
我们开始阅读早期教父的著作,比如说,呃,圣希波吕托,他开始详细讲解礼仪。
7.60 - 17.90
And even more, Saint Justin Martyr who described what worship was like in the early church back in the middle of the second century, and by then it had already become a permanent fixture.
更重要的是,殉道者游斯丁,他描述了公元二世纪中叶早期教会的敬拜情形,到那时,礼仪已经成为教会中不可或缺的一部分。
17.90 - 31.16
And so I found myself coming away from my doctoral seminars wondering what, if any, residue might remain of the ancient liturgy of the early church that the fathers described in the Catholic mass.
所以我发现自己每次从博士研讨课出来时都会想:在公教弥撒中,教父们所描述的早期教会古老礼仪,是否还留有任何遗迹?
31.16 - 41.26
I'd never gone to a mass, I'd never wanted to go, I'd been told not to go from high school years on because they're re-crucifying Jesus, which of course we're not doing.
我从没参加过弥撒,也从没想过去参加,从高中起就被告诫不要去,因为他们说那是在重新钉耶稣十字架,当然我们并没有这样做。
41.34 - 45.90
You know, but it was a, a blasphemous sacrilege according to Martin Luther and John Calvin.
你知道,但按照马丁·路德和加尔文的说法,那是一种亵渎神明的亵渎行为。
46.16 - 55.02
But when I got a campus bulletin in my mailbox, I remember reading that there would be a weekday mass in a basement chapel at noon.
但有一次我在邮箱里收到一份校园公告,我记得上面写着中午会在地下室的小圣堂举行平日弥撒。
55.20 - 62.62
So I thought to myself, I could skip lunch and go down to the basement like a, an observer with my Bible and a notebook.
所以我心想,我可以不吃午饭,下到地下室,像个旁观者一样,带着我的圣经和笔记本去看看。
62.62 - 64.00
And that's what I did.
我就是这么做的。
64.02 - 65.98
That day I went down right around noon.
那天中午,我准时下到了地下室。
65.98 - 71.92
Walking down the steps I remember passing the holy water font, and I was about to dip my fingers.
走下台阶时,我记得经过了圣水池,我正要把手指蘸进去。
71.92 - 79.00
It was And I don't know why, but Catholic cooties, I, I just was there as a journalist, an observer.
但我不知道为什么,心里突然有种公教的『细菌』的感觉,我只是以记者、旁观者的身份在那里。
79.08 - 88.00
So I sat in the very back pew, you know, expecting maybe a few old nuns but instead, businessmen were coming in for their lunch break, housewives with their kids.
所以我坐在最后一排的长椅上,本以为只会有几个年老的修女,结果却看到有商人在午休时进来,还有带着孩子的家庭主妇。
88.00 - 97.12
There were some bag ladies from the side streets of Milwaukee dipping their fingers, genuflecting, kneeling, praying, preparing for the holy sacrifice of the mass.
还有一些密尔沃基街头的流浪妇女,她们蘸着圣水,屈膝、跪下、祷告,为弥撒的圣祭做准备。
97.12 - 100.16
I saw no one who had recognized me, so I stayed.
我发现没有人认出我,所以我就留下来了。
100.20 - 107.34
And when the bell rang and this priest stepped out of the sacristy, everybody stood up except for that lone Protestant in the back pew.
当钟声响起,这位祭司从祭衣间走出来时,所有人都站了起来,只有后排那个孤零零的新教徒还坐着。
107.34 - 109.64
I'm just jotting my observations.
我只是把我的观察记下来。
109.64 - 114.28
And as I listen to the opening rite, it's exactly what Saint Justin Martyr described.
当我听到开场礼仪时,发现这正是殉道者游斯丁所描述的内容。
114.28 - 124.88
Then as I listened to the penitential rite and how all the people were asking God for mercy, and the priest was promising, assuring them of divine pardon, it's like a checklist.
接着我听到忏悔礼仪,所有人都在向神求怜悯,祭司则承诺、保证他们得到神的赦免,这一切就像在对照清单一样。
124.88 - 133.64
And then as they all sat down, the lector got up and began reading from Bible and I was struck by the fact that the first reading was taken from the Old Testament.
然后当大家都坐下时,读经员站起来开始读圣经,我注意到第一段经文是选自旧约,这让我很惊讶。
133.72 - 139.80
In my Bible church, we hadn't had a reading from the Old Testament in at least a year and a half.
在我原来的圣经教会,至少一年半都没有读过旧约的经文。
139.82 - 143.06
And then it was followed by a responsorial psalm.
接着是答唱诗篇。
143.54 - 149.64
And by the time we got to the Gospel, I didn't know exactly what to expect, but all of the people stood up except for me.
等到读福音的时候,我不知道会发生什么,但所有人都站了起来,只有我还坐着。
149.64 - 151.56
I wasn't sure why they were.
我当时还不明白他们为什么要站起来。
151.60 - 154.82
And then I realized they were standing out of reverence for the Gospel.
后来我才意识到,他们是出于对福音的敬意而站立。
154.82 - 156.46
And I'm thinking, Why don't we do that?
我心里想,为什么我们不这样做呢?
156.46 - 158.70
I mean, we're the Bible Christians.
我是说,我们可是圣经基督徒啊。
158.70 - 171.00
But when I heard the reading from the Gospel, it struck me as obvious that somebody had strategically planned the readings because the promises in the Old were what Christ was talking about fulfilling in the New.
但当我听到福音的诵读时,我很明显地意识到,这些经文的安排是有人精心策划的,因为旧约中的应许正是基督在新约中要成全的内容。
171.16 - 177.26
And as they all sat down, I'm thinking to myself, This is where the early church fathers got it, from the lectionary.
当大家都坐下时,我心里想,这就是早期教父们所继承的传统——来自读经表。
177.42 - 181.20
The Old and the New were being read together in the first few centuries.
在头几个世纪里,旧约和新约是一起被诵读的。
181.20 - 186.52
And then I sat back to hear a homily, and in less than two minutes, the homilist was done.
然后我坐下来听讲道,结果不到两分钟,讲道的人就讲完了。
186.56 - 190.80
And I'll be perfectly honest and a little blunt, I was underwhelmed.
我得坦白说,也许有点直接,我其实觉得有些失望。
190.80 - 192.46
I'm like, Are you serious?
我心想:「你是认真的吗?」
192.46 - 195.02
Is that the most you can do with those readings?
「这些经文你就只能讲到这个程度吗?」
195.02 - 202.48
I was tempted to, you know, offer a little tag team ecumenical preaching, I'll take it from here and show you what the early church fathers would've done.
我差点就想,来点联合布道,我来接着讲,给你们展示一下早期教父会怎么做。
202.48 - 207.36
But thankfully every- for everybody else I didn't give into that temptation.
但还好,为了大家,我没有屈服于这个诱惑。
207.46 - 217.92
I just sat back and watched as all the action shifted away from the ambo, or the pulpit as we called it, over to the altar where the priest now stood.
我只是坐在那里,看着所有的注意力从讲道台——我们叫它讲坛——转移到了祭坛上,祭司现在站在那里。
218.48 - 229.14
And as I sat forward and I watched, I listened closely because the preface to the Eucharistic prayer followed by the Anaphora once again was a perfect match.
我坐直身子,仔细聆听,因为圣餐祈祷的序文和随后的奉献祷文,再一次与早期教会的礼仪完全吻合。
229.14 - 239.50
I had seen the checklist of about a dozen correspondences between the early church liturgy the ancient patristics describe and the Catholic mass.
我已经看到早期教父所描述的古老礼仪和公教弥撒之间有十几处一一对应的地方。
239.50 - 249.44
As I'm listening to his prayer, I am hearing not only familiar phrases from their writings but parts from Scripture, especially from the Passover.
当我听他祷告时,我不仅听到了他们著作中熟悉的词句,还听到了来自圣经,尤其是逾越节的内容。
249.74 - 258.14
And I'm struck by all of this, and then I heard for the first time a Catholic priest pronounce the solemn words of consecration.
这一切让我很震撼,然后我第一次听到一位公教祭司庄严宣读祝圣的话语。
258.14 - 265.16
And as soon as those words left his lips, This is my body, and he elevated the host, I knew it wasn't bread any longer.
当他说出「这是我的身体」并举起圣餐饼时,我立刻知道那已经不再是普通的饼了。
265.16 - 268.34
I knew that I knew it was really his body.
我知道,我真的知道那真的是他的身体。
268.44 - 282.30
By the time he consecrated that chalice and I heard those words and he elevated that chalice, I could literally feel myself drooling with this holy thirst for his precious blood and I'm wondering, What's happening to me?
等他祝圣酒杯、我听到那些话、他举起酒杯时,我甚至能感觉到自己因渴望他宝血而流口水,我心里想:「我怎么了?」
282.30 - 284.22
What's going on here?
「这里到底发生了什么?」
284.70 - 294.76
And then suddenly a, a few moments later, all of the people around me began to chant as if on cue, Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, have mercy on us.
然后突然,过了一会儿,周围所有人仿佛有默契一般开始齐声吟唱:「除去世人罪孽的神的羔羊,求你怜悯我们。」
294.76 - 299.24
Then they said, Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, have the same thing a second time.
接着他们又说了一遍:「除去世人罪孽的神的羔羊,求你怜悯我们。」
299.24 - 302.28
Then, Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, grant us peace.
然后是:「除去世人罪孽的神的羔羊,求你赐我们平安。」
302.28 - 304.06
They dropped to their knees.
他们都跪了下来。
304.14 - 308.20
The priest elevated the host and said a fourth time, Behold the Lamb of God.
祭司举起圣餐,又第四次说:「看哪,神的羔羊。」
308.20 - 313.70
And he went on to bless those who were invited to the marriage supper of the Lamb, and suddenly I knew right where I was.
他继续祝福那些被邀请赴羔羊婚筵的人,突然间我明白了自己身处何处。
313.70 - 318.46
I wasn't simply in a basement chapel for a weekday mass at noon.
我不仅仅是在地下室的小圣堂参加中午的平日弥撒。
318.46 - 325.64
I was in the back of the Bible in the Book of Revelation, where in Chapter 19:9 we hear about the marriage supper of the Lamb.
我仿佛置身于圣经最后的《启示录》里,在第19章9节那里我们听到关于羔羊婚筵的描述。
325.64 - 334.48
But I also recognized that in the Book of Revelation, Jesus is called many things, Lord of Lords, King of Kings, Alpha and Omega.
但我也注意到,在《启示录》里,耶稣有许多称号,万主之主、万王之王、阿拉法和俄梅戛。
334.48 - 343.48
But the one thing that he's called in that book more than all of the other titles put together practically is Lamb of God, Lamb of God, Lamb of God.
但在那卷书里,他被称为「神的羔羊」的次数,几乎比所有其他称号加起来还多——神的羔羊,神的羔羊,神的羔羊。
343.74 - 351.70
28 texts in 22 chapters and nobody had ever even tried to explain to me, why is that the primary title?
22章里有28处经文提到,然而从来没有人试图向我解释,为什么这是最主要的称号?
351.74 - 361.64
So while everybody else is going forward for Holy Communion, I'm going backwards in my Bible looking down and seeing Lamb of God, Lamb of God, Lamb of God there.
所以当其他人都上前领圣餐时,我却在往回翻圣经,低头看到那里写着「神的羔羊,神的羔羊,神的羔羊」。
361.64 - 367.52
Oh wait, what is that?Holy, Holy, Holy Lord God of Hosts.
等等,那是什么?「圣哉,圣哉,圣哉,万军之主神。」
367.52 - 373.93
They must have memorized Revelation 4:8 as well, 'cause I had just heard that a few minutes earlier.
他们肯定也背诵过启4:8,因为几分钟前我刚听到过。
374.02 - 384.05
And as I'm seeing the, the Trisagion, the Holy, Holy, Holy, the Agnus Dei, the Lamb of God, I'm realizing that's what the early church fathers also described.
当我看到三圣颂,「圣哉,圣哉,圣哉」,还有「神的羔羊」时,我意识到这正是早期教父们所描述的内容。
384.05 - 397.25
And as I'm turning the pages, I'm looking forward as the people have received and they're coming back, they're kneeling down, they're giving thanks, and I'm seeing there are candles, liturgical vestments, presbyters up there.
我一边翻着圣经,一边抬头看着人们领完圣餐回来,跪下感恩,我看到那里有蜡烛,有礼仪服饰,有长老在前面。
397.51 - 406.02
Oh, yeah, there are chalices on top of the altar just like there, and then the climax is the marriage supper of the Lamb.
哦,对了,祭坛上也有圣爵,就像启示录里一样,高潮就是羔羊的婚筵。
406.12 - 412.87
And I never really put that together, but it occurred to me, if there's a marriage supper, who is the bridegroom?
我以前从没把这些联系在一起,但突然想到,如果有羔羊的婚筵,那新郎是谁?
412.87 - 414.50
Well, Jesus, of course.
当然是耶稣。
414.50 - 416.31
But who is the bride of our Lord?
那我们的主的新妇是谁?
416.31 - 417.99
Well, the Church is.
是教会。
417.99 - 421.44
I always thought the marriage supper of the Lamb was at the end of time.
我一直以为羔羊的婚筵是在世界的末了。
421.52 - 434.55
Here it was at noon in a basement chapel, where Christ was saying to the Church through his priests what I could have said to Kimberly on our wedding night: This is my body which is given up for you.
可现在却是在中午的地下室小圣堂里,基督借着他的祭司对教会说着我在婚礼之夜对金柏莉说的话:「这是我的身体,为你舍的。」
434.81 - 438.91
Only Jesus was communicating that not just to my head, but to my heart.
只是耶稣所传达的,不只是让我头脑明白,更让我心里感受到。
439.14 - 440.43
It's all quiet.
一切都很安静。
440.43 - 441.90
Everybody's kneeling.
大家都跪着。
442.12 - 453.44
I'm looking down on the pages of the Apocalypse, looking up and seeing what has just unfolded before my eyes, trying to figure out, Where am I? In a basement chapel or in the heavenly Jerusalem?
我低头看着《启示录》的篇章,又抬头看着刚刚在我眼前发生的一切,试图弄明白:我到底在哪里?是在地下室的小圣堂,还是在天上的耶路撒冷?
453.44 - 457.67
For a Catholic Mass or for the Liturgy of the Angels and Saints?
是在公教弥撒里,还是在天使与圣徒的礼仪中?
457.67 - 469.88
Because they were the same songs, the Holy, Holy, Holy, the Lamb of God, the Alleluia, the Gloria, the same furniture, the same vestments, the same sacrifice of the Lamb.
因为唱的都是同样的诗歌,「圣哉,圣哉,圣哉」、「神的羔羊」、「阿利路亚」、「荣耀颂」,同样的器具、同样的礼仪服饰、同样的羔羊祭。
470.62 - 480.17
It was quiet until the priest stood, and everybody else, and when he was done pronouncing the benediction, he stepped out, the people knelt, they left.
一直很安静,直到祭司和大家都站起来,他宣读完祝福后,走了出去,人们跪下,然后离开。
480.29 - 490.12
And about 10 minutes later, I was alone in the back pew of the basement chapel, again trying to figure out, Did I go downstairs or did I get whisked up to heaven?
大约十分钟后,我独自坐在地下室小圣堂的最后一排,又在想:我是下楼了,还是被带到天上去了?
490.99 - 502.05
And I'm just sitting there for about an hour, basking in the afterglow of these graces that had come so unexpectedly, asking our Lord, What do I do with this?
我就这样坐了大约一个小时,沉浸在这些意想不到的恩典余韵中,向我们的主祈祷:「我该如何回应这一切?」