今天，我们会继续我们的讲道系列，探讨教会关于婚姻的教导。 Today, we'll pick up again on our series of sermons, uh, cont- considering the Church's teaching on marriage.
我们只是偶尔讲到这个主题，因为我估计总共大 概需要十二次讲道，才能涵盖所有主要内容。 We're only hitting the, the topic periodically because I estimate there'll be about, uh, 12 sermon, sermons all in all just to hit the major topics.
有一点需要记住，因为我们每次只能专注于一个方面，所以每 一篇讲道如果不结合其他讲道来看，都是不完整、不充分的。 One thing to keep in mind is since we can only focus on one aspect at a time, got to keep in mind that any individual sermon is incomplete and inadequate without reference to all the others.
所以这些内容会分散在不同的时间讲解，但最终它们会彼此呼应，形成一个整体。 So this all will be spread out over time, but they'll all fit together.
这正是我们正在努力做的事情。 That's what we're working on.
为什么会这样呢？ Why is it like that?
因为婚姻本身是一个整体，我们只能分开来看，因为它太大了，不可能 在一篇讲道里全部讲完。但等我们讲完后，就会有一个全面的认识。 Because marriage is only one thing, and so we can only look at it, 'cause it's too big to take in one sermon, but when we're done, we'll kind of have a, a broad overview.
你们不用我多说，忠于自己在生活中的本分和身份，无论你是已婚、单身，还是像我 一样作为祭司或修道者，忠实履行自己的本分，不逃避、不忽略责任，这并不容易。 You don't need me to tell you that being faithful to your duties and state in life, and that's any state in life, whether you're married or single or, or like myself, uh, as a priest or religious, to be faithful in our duties and state in life without trying to wiggle our way out from under them or kind of ignore some is not easy.
多亏了亚当。 Thanks a lot, Adam.
因为我们都在与原罪和本罪挣扎，而且还生活在一个充满毒害的文化中。 'Cause we're all struggling with original sin and actual sin and in this toxic culture we're in.
婚姻中更是如此。 It's certainly true with marriage.
还记得那位救主会士米勒神父说过的话吗？他说：「单靠理性，永远无法克服 那些因原罪影响而变得强烈的情感反对和阻碍，无法完全履行神的旨意。」 Remember what that redemptivist, Father Miller said, quote, "Reason by itself will never be able to overcome the emotional objections and obstacles to carrying out God's will that are made powerful by the effects of original sin.
因此，已婚和即将结婚的人都必须把婚姻契约看作是他们对基督的委身和顺服 的一部分，把基督当作他们的神、救赎主，也是他们唯一得救和幸福的希望。 For that reason, the married and the about to be married must look upon their marriage contract as a part of their commitment and surrender to Christ as their God, as their redeemer, as their only hope of salvation and happiness.
他们要记得，自己通过洗礼重生，成为神的儿女。 They must be mindful that through baptism they were reborn as children of God.
他们要把在婚姻中履行基督的旨意，不只是当作遵守法律程序，而是 当作他们对基督所作承诺的喜乐实现，这个承诺是今生和永恒的。 They must look upon carrying out Christ's will in marriage not merely as observing legal formalities, but as the joyous fulfillment of a commitment they have made to Christ for time and in eternity.
他们必须把婚姻契约带来的各种艰难，当作为了获得新生命、神性生命、永恒 生命而付出的微小代价，因为他们已经被耶稣基督提升到了这样的生命里。」 They must accept any hardships that arise from the contract of marriage as a small price to pay for the new life, the divine life, the everlasting life to which they have been elevated by Jesus Christ." Close quote.
所以这对任何生活状态都是一样的。 So it's true for any state of life.
我们要把这些艰难当作获得新生命、神性生命、超自然生命的 微小代价，这种生命赐给我们进入天堂、永远生活的能力。 We must accept those hardships as a small price to pay for the new life, this divine life, the supernatural life that gives us the power to, to get to heaven and to live there.
当我们真的得着了，我们要承认，这一切都是主基督白白赐给我们的无限恩赐，虽 然我们不配，虽然我们曾经冒犯过祂，但祂仍然如此爱我们，把这一切赐给我们。 Once we get there, we must accept that as a small price to pay for this infinite gift that's been given to us by Christ our Lord, even though we didn't deserve it, even though we've offended Him, but He loves us so much to give it.
好了，我们开始吧。 Okay, let's get started.
我们已经看到，婚姻的核心观念是新创造，新郎是新亚当，新娘 是新夏娃，他们彼此施行婚姻圣事，就进入了圣洁的状态，并且 得到了神赐给我们始祖的同样奇妙祝福，就是要生养众多。 We've seen the key idea of marriage as a new creation, the groom as the new Adam and the bride as the new Eve, who by conferring the Sacrament of Marriage on one another are placed then into a state of holiness and given the same incredible blessing that God gave to our first parents, to be fruitful and to multiply.
我们也看到，新婚夫妇的使命，是把这种圣洁从圣殿带到世界，也带进他们家庭的圣殿里。 We've seen that the mission of the newly married is to take that holiness out of the sanctuary and out into the world and into the sanctuary of their home.
我们还看到，基督和祂的十字架是中心，这种在 圣洁中的再创造，是在十字架的荫下发生的。 And we've seen the centrality of Christ and His cross, that that recreation in holiness takes place in the shadow of the cross.
我们已经看到，神设立婚姻有两个明确的目的。 We've seen that God created marriage with two specific purposes.
婚姻的首要目的是生育和教养儿女，次要目的是 夫妻之间的互助、安慰，以及对情欲的补救。 The primary purpose of marriage is the procreation and education of children, and the secondary purpose of marriage is mutual help and comfort of the spouses and remedy for concupiscence.
所以，首要目的是生育和教养儿女，次要目的是互助、安慰和对情欲的补救。 So the primary is procreation and education of children, and the secondary is mutual help and comfort and remedy for concupiscence.
我们已经看到，这两个目的——首要和次要——都是正当的 ，夫妻之间的行为只要符合这两个婚姻目的，就是善的。 We've seen that these two purposes, primary and secondary, are legitimate, means that acts between the spouse are good to the degree they conform to those two purpose of marriage.
总的原则是，凡是符合这两个婚姻目的——首要和 次要目的——的行为，都是善的、可以允许的。 The general principle is everything conforming with these two purposes, the primary and secondary purpose of marriage, is good and permissible.
任何违背这两个目的的行为，都是恶的、被禁止的。 Anything opposed to them is evil and forbidden.
我们已经看到，婚姻契约包含属灵条款、身体条 款、时间条款、教养条款和不可解除的条款。 We've seen that the marriage contract has spiritual terms, physical terms, temporal terms, educational terms, and indissoluble terms.
我们已经从婚姻契约的身体条款开始讲起。 We've started by considering the physical terms of the marriage contract.
我们已经看到，婚姻契约意味着男女双方互相给予并接受一个 专属且永久的权利，就是进行那些本身适合生育儿女的行为。 We've seen that the marriage contract means that a man and woman give and accept an exclusive and perpetual right for acts which are themselves suitable for the generation of children.
我们已经看到，神赐给每一位配偶权利，这也意味着 另一方在神面前有相应的责任，要接受合理的请求。 We've seen that God has given each spouse rights, which means the other spouse has a corresponding duty before God to accept reasonable requests.
我们已经看到，这是一项在公义上必须向配偶履行的 重要责任，必须慷慨地履行，否则就等于没有履行。 We've seen this as a serious duty owed in justice to the other spouse that must be paid generously or it's not being paid.
我们已经看到，若没有非常严重的理由就拒绝履行这一 责任，就是在公义上犯了大罪，也是对仁爱犯了大罪。 We've seen that to refuse to pay the debt without a very serious reason is a mortal sin against justice, and it's also a mortal sin against charity.
只有在有足够隐私的情况下，或者对方要求并坚持参与诸如避孕等有罪行 为时，才可以拒绝履行这一责任。此外，还可以因以下严重原因而拒绝。 Debt must be refused in sufficient privacy or through asking and insisting on cooperation in sinful actions such as contraception, and it may be refused for the following serious reasons.
第一，如果一方犯了奸淫罪，而另一方还没有原谅。 First, when one of the partners has committed adultery that's not yet been forgiven by the other partner.
第二，如果一方神志不清。 Second, when one partner is not in their right mind.
比如说，醉酒。 For example, drunk.
第三，如果确实有导致流产的危险。 Third, when there is a real danger of causing m- miscarriage.
第四，如果有严重伤害配偶的危险。 Fourth, when there's a grave danger of injuring the other spouse.
第五，产后六周之内。如果有其他问题，应当在告解时咨询。 And fifth, for up to six weeks after birth, when we've submitted other questions, should be referred to the confessional.
复习就到这里。 So much for the review.
今天，我们要把婚姻的身体条款讲完，然后再进入属灵、时间、教养和不可解除的条款。 Today, we're going to phys- finish up on the physical terms of marriage before we start going on to the spiritual and the temporal and educational and indissoluble.
可以吗？ Okay?
所以我们要回顾一下三年多前讲过的内容。 So we'll review something we covered, uh, over three years ago.
我们要讨论一个与所谓「周期性节欲」有关的错误 观念，这种做法是指夫妻定期放弃行使婚姻权利。 We're going to consider a distorted notion sometimes associated with the practice known as periodic continence, which, a practice which involves periodically abstaining from marital rights.
这种周期性节欲，也就是大家熟知的NFP（自然家庭计划）。有一个错误观念的例子， 出现在一篇名为《小号、中号、大号、特大号：你的家庭适合什么规模？》的文章里。 This practice, periodic continence, is also popularly known as NFP, natural family planning.An example of the distorted notion is found in an article entitled, Small, Medium, Large, Extra Large: What Size Is Right For Your Family.
作者是格雷戈里·波普查克先生。 The author is a Mr. Gregory Popcak.
他看起来是一位虔诚的公教徒，但他开头就问：「神是否呼召你再生一个孩子？」 教会凭着她的智慧，并没有给出一个现成的答案，但她确实为那些真心寻求主旨意 的夫妻，提供了一些非常简单实用的建议，其中有些建议可能会让你感到意外。 He seems to be a devout Catholic, but he starts by asking, quote, "Is God calling you to have another child or not?" The Church, in her wisdom, does not give a pat answer to this question, but she, she does give some very simple practical advice for couples who are sincerely seeking the Lord's will about this, and some of her tips may surprise you.
引言结束。 Close quote.
这说得还算中肯，但我们来看看他的建议。 That's fair enough, but now let's consider his tip.
他说：「最好的方法……」这是这篇文章里所谓的最佳方法。 Quote, "The best way..." This is the best way in this article.
「积极分辨这个问题的最佳方法……」记住，这个问题是关于我们是否应该再要一个孩子。 "The best way to actively discern this question..." Remember, this is a question about whether we should have another child.
「持续积极分辨这个问题的最佳方法，就是实行NFP。」 "The best way to actively discern this question on an ongoing basis is to practice NFP.
「NFP不应该主要被当作避孕的方法。」 NFP should not pri- be primarily a method of avoiding pregnancy.
「它主要应该是一种分辨工具，鼓励夫妻在每个月都思考彼此的关系和神 对他们未来的计划，让他们始终把神放在影响婚姻最深层决定的中心。」 It should primarily be a discernment tool that encourages a couple to consider their relationship and God's plan for their future throughout the month, so they're always placing God at this heart of the decisions that most deeply impact their marriage.
「实行NFP的夫妻也始终敞开心门，准备好神随时可能说『就是这个月』，他们不断 预备自己的心和家庭，迎接这种可能性，无论在当下看来有多么遥远。」引言结束。 The NFP couple is also- always open to the possibility that God could say, 'This is the month,' and they are constantly seeking to prepare their hearts and home for that possibility, however remote it may seem to them at this pa- particular moment." Close quote.
他在这里到底在说什么？ What's he saying here?
他的意思是，如果夫妻在思考神是否要他们再生一个孩子， 教会认可的最佳方法就是实行周期性节欲，也就是NFP。 He's saying that if a couple is wondering whether or not God wants them to have another child, the best Church-approved method to answer this question is to practice periodic continence, NFP.
他提醒我们，有些建议可能会让我们感到意外。 He warned us that some of the tips should surprise us.
但这个建议确实应该让我们大吃一惊，因为它完全是错误的。 That particular tip should surprise us a lot, because it's completely wrong.
我们来看看为什么。 Let's see why.
我们要参考一篇1997年发表在《罗马观察报》上的文章。 We'll refer to a 1997 article published in L'Osservatore Romano.
那是圣座的报纸，也就是梵蒂冈的官方报纸。 That's the newspaper of the Holy See, the Vatican newspaper.
那么，这…… Well, this...
这篇文章的标题就给了我们一个提示。 The title of the article gives us a clue.
标题是—— Quote...
标题如下。 This is the title.
「有严重理由时，夫妻可以实行周期性节欲。」标题结束。 "Serious motives justify couple's use of periodic continence." Close quote.
只有有严重理由时，夫妻才可以实行周期性节欲。 Serious motives justify couple's use of periodic continence.
这篇文章引用了庇护十二世、保禄六世和若望保禄二世三位教宗的讲话。 This article cites Pope Pius XII, Pope Paul VI, and Pope John Paul II.
因为庇护十二世的解释非常详细，我们主要会依靠他的说明。 Because his answers are so detailed, we'll rely largely on the explanation of Pope Pius XII.
庇护十二世这次并不是在对神学家讲话。 He's not speaking to theologians, this, uh, Pius XII.
这正适合我们的情况，因为他这次是对助产士讲话，所以特别有参考价值。 That's why it's nice for this situation, 'cause he's- it's an, an address to midwives, so it makes it especially useful.
现在，和往常一样，为了节省时间和让内容更清楚，我已经把 材料剪贴、整理、浓缩在一起，这样我们就可以顺利讲完。 Now, as usual, for the sake of time and clarity, I've cut and pasted and, and smashed things together and condensed 'em and all that, so we can get through it without going through the...
不过这些内容都很容易查到。 But it's readily available.
这篇讲话是对意大利助产士发表的。 It's addressed to Italian midwives.
在我们进入正题之前，让我们再次提醒自己，教宗并不是在制定规则。 Before we go through any of this, let's remind ourselves once more that the Pope is not making up rules.
神没有把关于婚姻本质或规则的权柄交给任何人。 God hasn't given anyone authority over the nature of marriage or its rules.
规则是神制定的。 God makes the rules.
没有其他人有这个权柄，不是夫妻，不是国家，不是 教会，不是教宗，甚至连阿诺·施瓦辛格都没有。 No one else has authority, not the couple, not the state, not the Church, not the Pope, and I hate to inform you, but not even Arnold Schwarzenegger.
没有人有权改变婚姻的规则，连加州州长也不行。 Nobody has authority over the rules of marriage, not even the Governor of California.
那么教宗到底在做什么呢？ So what is the Pope doing?
教宗是在解释这些规则。 The Pope is explaining the rules.
他不是在制定规则，明白吗？ He's not making the rules, okay?
他是在解释神是如何设立这些事的。 He's explaining how God made things.
教宗所说的一切，其实都可以从婚姻契约和婚姻的目的推理出来。 Everything the Pope says can be reasoned out from the marriage contract and the purpose of marriage already.
我们马上就会看到。 We'll see that.
第一点，庇护十二世教宗。 First point, Pope Pius XII.
引言：「实行周期性节欲在道德上是否正当，要 看夫妻的动机是否有充分且值得的道德理由。」 Quote, "The moral lawfulness of practing per- practicing periodic continence should be determined by whether or not the couple's intention is based on sufficient and worthy moral grounds.
「仅仅因为夫妻没有违背行为的本质，甚至愿意接受并抚养即使在采 取预防措施后仍然出生的孩子，这本身还不足以保证他们的动机是正 确的，也不能保证这些动机本身在道德上毫无疑问。」引言结束。 The mere fact that husband and wife do not offend the nature of the act and are even ready to accept and bring up the child who is born in spite of the precautions they have taken would not, of itself alone, be a sufficient guarantee of a right intention and of the unquestionable morality of the motives themselves." Close quote.
这是基督的代表说的。 This is The Vicar of Christ.
我再重复一下重点。 I'll repeat the important part.
「仅仅因为夫妻没有违背行为的本质，甚至愿意接受并抚养即使在采取预防 措施后仍然出生的孩子」，也就是他们愿意接受生命，「这本身还不足以保 证他们的动机是正确的，也不能保证这些动机本身在道德上毫无疑问。」所 以第一点是，实行周期性节欲或NFP，必须有充分且值得的理由。 "The mere fact that husband and wife do not offend the nature of the act and are even ready to accept and bring up the child who's born in spite of the precautions they have taken," they're open to life, "would not of itself alone be a sufficient guarantee of a right intention and of the unquestionable morality of the motives themselves." So the first point is there must be sufficient and worthy reasons to practice periodic continence, or NFP.
我们马上会讲到这些理由，但在此之前，第二点，教宗会解释为什么必须有这些理由。 We'll get to those reasons in a moment, but before we do, in the second point, the Pope will explain why this is true.
第二点。 Second point.
现在，教宗要解释为什么必须有充分且值得的理由。 Now, the Pope explains why there must be sufficient and worthy reasons.
请注意，教宗的解释是基于婚姻契约，这契约赋予夫妻权利 ，同时也基于婚姻的首要目的，这也带来夫妻的相应责任。 Now, notice before we get going that the Pope's explanation is based upon the marriage contract, which confers rights upon the couple and also on the primary purpose of marriage, which is a corresponding duty of the couple.
庇护十二世教宗说：「婚姻契约赋予夫妻满足自然倾向的权利，使他们进入婚姻状态。」 Pope Pius XII, quote, "The marriage contract, which gives the spouses the right to satisfy the inclinations of ma- nature established them in the married state.
「已婚夫妇在行使这种状态时，通过履行特定的行为，既有自 然的责任，也有神所赋予的责任，要为人类的延续负责。」 The married couple who use that state, by carrying out its specific act have the duty imposed by both nature and God of providing for the conservation of the human race.
「神如此设立自然的秩序，使得社会中的个人、国家的人 民，甚至教会本身的存在，都依赖于多结果实的婚姻。」 God has so established the order of nature that the existence of the individual in a society, the people in the state, and even the Church Herself depends upon fruitful marriages.
「因此，若人在婚姻中频繁行使只有婚姻状态下才正当的权利，同时又无 重大理由逃避其首要责任，这就是违背婚姻生活本质的罪。」引言结束。 Therefore, to be married and to make frequent use of the right proper and lawful only in the state of marriage, and at the same time to void his primary duty without a grave reason would be a sin against the very nature of married life." Close quote.
基督的代表说的。 The Vicar of Christ.
重点。 Important part.
「人在婚姻中频繁行使只有婚姻状态下才正当的 权利，同时又无重大理由逃避其首要责任——」 "To be married and make frequent use, use of the right proper and lawful only in the state of marriage, and at the same time to void his primary duty without a grave reason-"...
这就是违背婚姻生活本质的罪。 would be a sin against the very nature of married life.
教宗刚才说了什么？ What did the Pope just say?
婚姻契约赋予夫妻行使婚姻行为的权利，而行使这一权 利就意味着有相应的责任，要善用这伟大的创造能力。 That the marriage contract gives spouses the right to the marital act, and the use of that right implies a corresponding duty to use the great creative power.
为什么？ Why?
是为了延续人类，这正如我们已经看到的，是婚姻的首要目的。 In order to conserve the human race, which as we've already seen is a primary purpose of marriage.
此外，教宗指出，如果没有严重理由，频繁行使婚姻权利却逃避婚姻责任，就是犯罪。 Furthermore, the Pope notes that without serious reasons, it is a sin to frequently exercise a marital right, while avoiding the marital duty.
我们对这个观念已经很熟悉了。 We're already familiar with this concept.
我们有责任在主日和义务瞻礼日参与弥撒，除非有严重理由。 It's our duty to go to mass on Sundays and holy days of obligation without serious reason.
如果我们在这些日子没有参加弥撒，就是犯罪。 If we miss ma- if we miss mass on those days, then it's a sin.
如果有严重理由，就完全没有罪，对吧？ If we have serious reasons, there's no sin at all, right?
这和前面讲的是同一个道理。 It's exactly the same concept.
教宗讲得很清楚。 The Pope makes this clear.
庇护十二世说：「如果有严重理由，将行为限制在不易受孕的时期是可以的。」 Pius XII, quote, "If there are serious reasons, limiting the act to the inferior periods can be lawful.
「然而，如果经过合理和公正的判断，没有这样的严重理由，那么一方面习 惯性地避免怀孕，另一方面又尽量满足感官欲望，这只能出于对生命的错误 看法，以及与真正道德标准无关的理由。」引言结束，基督的代表说的。 If however, in the light of a reasonable and fair judgment, there are no such serious reasons, then the habitual intention to avoid pregnancy will at the same time as far as possible continue to fully satisfy central desires can only arise from a false appreciation of life, and from reasons that have nothing to do with true standards of moral conduct." Close quote, the vicar of Christ.
当有严重理由时，实行周期性节欲（NFP）是合法的；但如果没有严重理由，却习惯性地 避免怀孕，同时又尽量满足感官欲望，这就是出于对生命的错误看法和错误的道德标准。 When serious reasons are present, periodic continence, NFP, is lawful, but if there are no serious reasons, then the habitual intention to avoid pregnancy will at the same time as far as possible continue to fully satisfy central desires arise from false appreciation of life, and false standards of moral conduct.
现在，从教宗的话中我们可以清楚看出波普查克先生的观点哪里错了。 Now, it's clear what, from what the Pope says, what the faulty reasoning is in Mr. Popscak's, uh, argument.
他提倡夫妻应当不断实行周期性节欲，以此来分辨是否要再生一个孩子 ，这实际上是把婚姻的首要和次要目的颠倒了，好像婚姻的首要目的是 夫妻互助、安慰和克制情欲，而生育和教养儿女反而成了次要目的。 By promoting the idea that the couple should continue- should continually practice periodic continence as a mean of discerning whether or not to have another child, what he's done is he's basically flipped upside down the primary and secondary m- purposes of marriage, as if the primary purpose of marriage is the mutual help and comfort of the spouses and quieting concupiscence, and the secondary purpose of marriage is procreation, education of children.
第三点，既然教宗已经解释了为什么夫妻实行NFP（周期性节欲 ）必须有充分且值得的理由，现在他要说明这些理由到底是什么。 Third point, now that the Pope has explained why a couple has to have sufficient and worthy reasons to practice NFP, periodic continence, now he's going to explain what those reasons are.
庇护十二世说：「在医学、优生、经济和社会等方面提出的严重理由，可以使夫妻在很长一 段时间，甚至整个婚姻期间，免除生育子女的积极义务。」引言结束，基督的代表说的。 Pope Pius XII, quote, "Serious motives often put forward on medical, eugenic, economic, and social grounds can exempt husband and wife from the obligatory positive debt of the procreation of children for a long period, or even for the entire duration of the marriage." Close quote, the vicar of Christ.
教宗只是指出，只要有严重理由，夫妻就可以合法地免除 生育的义务，即使这种情况持续整个婚姻期间也可以。 The Pope is just pointing out as long as the serious reason is present, the couple are legitimately exempted from procreation, even if that lasts for the whole duration of marriage.
后来他指出，夫妻可以用两种方式在道德上避免 生育：一种是周期性节欲，另一种是完全禁欲。 Later, he points out the couple may morally avoid procreation in one of two ways, periodic continence, or total abstinence.
现在要注意，「严重」这个词并不等于「危及生命」。 Now, it's important to re- realize that the word serious does not mean life-threatening.
这两者不是一回事。 They're not the same.
我们缺席弥撒需要有严重理由，但不一定非得是危及生命的理由，这里也是同样的道理。 We need a serious reason, but not a life-threatening reason to miss mass, and it's the same kind of idea in this case.
什么才算严重理由？ What are serious reasons?
我们举几个典型例子。 Let's give some typical examples.
医学方面，比如对夫妻一方或双方（通常是妻子） 身体甚至心理健康有严重、真实、客观的危险。 Medical, serious real and objective dangers to the physical or even psychological health of one or both partners, usually the woman.
优生方面，比如孩子有严重且无法治愈的遗传缺陷的真实可能性。 Eugenic, real possibility of serious and incurable hereditary defects in the child.
这种情况可能会持续整个婚姻期间，也可能只是某一段时间。 This may last for the duration of marriage or maybe for a period of time.
比如说，妻子需要接受某些会导致胎儿畸形的药物治疗。 For example, when a woman must undergo medical treatment with cert- types of drugs that will cause birth defects.
如果她得了肺结核，需要服用一年左右的药物，而这些药物可能会带来严重的问题。 If she gets TB, she's going to have about a year course, uh, you know, the people I know that have had TB, a year, year's course of drugs that can cause some serious problems.
这就是一个很明显的严重理由，至少在这一年里是这样。 That's a serious reason, you know, right there, right there for a whole year.
经济方面，这是指真正的经济困难，确实的经济拮据。 Economic, this retur- refers to true financial hardship, true financial hardship.
在我们这样极度物质化的社会里，这一点需要在神面前极其诚实。 In such a profoundly materialistic society like ours, this one requires brutal honesty before God.
五十年前，弗兰克·希德在这方面有过一些深刻的评论。 50 years ago, Frank Sheed had some thoughtful remarks in this regard.
引言：「理由必须是严重的。 Quote, "The reason must be serious.
琐事是不够的。 Trifles are not enough.
如果说再生孩子就意味着只能买便宜点的车，或者只能送孩子去不那么时髦的学校， 这都不能成为不再生育的理由，因为这就是把生活的装饰品看得比生命本身还重要。 That the birth of other children might mean buying a less expensive car or sending the children to a less fashionable school would not justify the ch- decision to have no more, for that would be making the ornaments of life more valuable than life itself.
不仅没有基督徒会这样看，只有失去活力的人才会这样想。 And not only could no Christian see things so, but only the devitalized could.
的确，明白人是什么的人——按神的形象造，有永恒生命，被 基督救赎——只有最严重的理由，才足以支撑这样的决定。 Indeed for one who has grasped what a human being is, made in God's image, immortal, redeemed by Christ, only the most serious reason would be strong enough to support such a decision.
如果有这样的严重理由，夫妻可以同意暂时或永久地放弃婚 姻行为，或者只在最不容易受孕的时候行房。」引言结束。 For where such serious reason exists, husband and wife may agree to abstain from the marital act for a time or permanently, or they may agree to have it only at times when conception is most unlikely." Close quote.
社会方面，包括社会秩序的问题，比如中国专制的 一胎政策，或者洪水、饥荒、火灾、战争等等。 Social grounds includes problems of social order, like the tyrannical Chinese one child policy, or floods, famine, w- fire, wars and so forth.
所以，实行周期性节欲可能有严重的医学、优生、经济或社会理由。 So there may be serious medical, eugenic, economic or social reasons to practice periodic continence.
除了有严重理由之外，实际上还需要满足另外几个 条件，才能合法地实行周期性节欲（NFP）。 Now besides serious reasons, there are actually a couple additional conditions that must be present in order to lawfully practice periodic continence, NFP.
这些条件其实很容易理解，因为它们直接源自婚 姻的责任，也就是婚姻契约和婚姻目的本身。 They're really easy to understand since they flow immediately from the marriage debt, and so they're rooted also in the contract of marriage and the purpose of marriage.
首先，实行周期性节欲的决定，必须是夫妻双方真正彼此同意、自由达成的。 First, the agreement to practice periodic continence must be truly mutual and freely agreed to by both spouses.
这是在神面前立下的约定。 Made a deal in front of God.
必须是双方共同同意。 It has to be mutual.
一方不能单方面说不。 One spouse can't have a unilateral no.
明白吗？ Okay?
这正是回到婚姻的责任。 That, that goes right back to the marriage debt.
我们已经讲过这个内容了，就是我们之前说过的。 We've already talked about that, so that, that was what we've already talked.
所以，这必须是双方共同同意的，虽然协议要双 方一起达成，但任何一方都可以单方面终止。 So, it has to be mutual, and although agreement must be made by both spouses together, it can be terminated by either one alone.
虽然这个协议必须由夫妻双方共同达成，但任何一方都可以单方面终止。 Although this agreement must be made by both spouses together, it can be terminated by either one alone.
正如庇护十二世教宗所说：「这是因为婚姻契约所赋予的权利，是持续不断的权利……」 As the Pope says, Pius XII, quote, "This is because the right deriving from the marriage contract is a constant right, uninterrupted..."...
「而不是间断地属于双方中的某一方。」引言结束。 "and not intermittent of each of the partners in respect of the other." Close quote.
所以明白了婚姻的责任，这一点就很清楚。 So once you see the marriage debt, you can see this.
这完全是从婚姻责任自然推出来的。 It just flows from it.
教宗只是告诉我们事实本身。 All the Pope's doing is telling us how it is.
他不是在立法，只是在告诉我们「事实就是这样，原因也在这里」。第二个 条件是，必须有合理的把握，这种做法不会导致夫妻任何一方陷入罪中。 He's not legislating, he's just telling us, "Here's, here's how it is, and here's why it is." Second condition, there must be reasonable assurance this practice will not lead either of the spouses to sin.
如果发生严重罪的危险越大，实行周期性节欲的理由就必须越充分。 The more probable the danger of serious sin, the more serious the reason must be for practicing periodic continence.
婚姻是一起走向天堂的伙伴关系，必须顾及对方的情况。 Marriage is a partnership to get to heaven, and one has to take reference to the other spouse in that.
明白吗。 Okay.
所以，要使周期性节欲（NFP）是合法的，必须是自由…… So, in order for periodic continence, NFP to be legitimate, it must be free...
夫妻双方必须自由、共同同意，并且任何一方都可 以随时通过合理请求履行婚姻责任来终止协议。 mutually and freely agreed to by both spouses with the provision that either spouse can cancel at any time by making a reasonable request to honor the debt.
还必须有合理的把握，这种做法不会导致夫妻任何一方陷入严重罪中。 There must also be a reasonable assurance this practice will not result in serious sin for either spouses.
我们来复习一下。 Let's review.
我们已经看到，如果有严重理由，夫妻可以合法地实行周期性节欲（NFP）。 We've seen there s- if there's serious reasons, a couple may legitimately practice periodic continence, NFP.
这些严重理由包括父母有严重且客观的医学问题，孩子有严重出生缺陷的 真实可能性，确实的经济负担，以及像战争或饥荒这样的社会秩序混乱。 These serious reasons include serious and objective medical problems with a parent, real likelihood of serious birth defects in the child, true conditions of financial burden, and disturbances in the social order like war or famine.
我们已经看到，这种做法必须由夫妻双方自由、共同 同意，并且任何一方都可以随时通过合理请求终止。 We've seen that this practice must be mutually and freely agreed to by both spouses with the provision that either spouse can cancel it at any time by making a reasonable request.
我们也看到，必须有合理的把握，这种做法不会导致夫妻任何一方陷入严重罪中。 And we've seen that there must be a reasonable assurance that this practice will not result in serious sin for either spouse.
现在我们已经了解了周期性节欲，再次看到一个重要的 观念：神赐给人能力时，我们必须按祂的规定来使用。 Now that we've taken a look at periodic continence, we can see once again this important idea that God has blessed man with a power, and when He gives the power, we have to use it according to the rubrics.
祂赐给我成圣的能力。 He's given me a sanctifying power.
我不能随心所欲地主持弥撒，否则就是严重的滥用。 I don't get it to say mass the way I like, and it's a terrible abuse.
我必须遵守规定，比如在圣事中告解，这样才能把成圣的恩典、超自然的生命带到世界里。 I have to follow the rules, the confessional when I'm confessed in the sacraL so forth, to bring a life of sanctifying grace in the world, supernatural life.
神给了我把超自然生命带到世界的使命，而已婚者则有 从神来的使命，在神的旨意下把自然生命带到世界。 I have a mission from God to bring supernatural life into the world, and the married have a mission from God to bring natural life into the world if it's His holy will.
我们每个人都要做自己该做的事，十字架对我和你来说都是一份整体的礼物。 And we all do what we're supposed to do, and the cross comes as a package deal for me or for you.
我被祝圣时，是俯伏在祭坛前。 When I was ordained, I laid there in front of the altar.
你们结婚时，是跪在祭坛前。 When you are married, you'll knelt there in front of the altar.
一切都是从十字架开始，然后向外延伸。 It all starts from the cross and comes outward.
我们必须拥抱十字架。 We have to embrace the cross.
明白吗。 Okay.
好，现在我们来看…… All right, now, let's see...
让我再补充几句。 L- let me make a few more comments.
我们可以看到，如果说NFP可以在没有严重理 由的情况下长期实行，这实际上就是一种滥用。 We can see that NFP, if we say that it can be constantly practiced without serious reasons is an actually, is an actually abuse.
我们是不是说，这和直接绝育或避孕在道德上是一样的？ Are we saying that it is the moral equivalent of direct sterilization or contraception?
不是的。 No, we're not.
直接避孕和直接绝育本身就是恶的。 Direct contraception and direct sterilization are intrinsically evil.
这些做法永远没有正当理由。 They can never be justified.
NFP本身不是恶的。 NFP is not intrinsically evil.
它是有正当理由的，我们刚才已经讲过。 There are reasons, we just went through them.
在合适的理由下是可以实行的。 It can be done.
那我们是不是说波普查克先生在文章里的观点很无关紧要？ Are we saying that this argument then that Mr. Popchick puts out in our article as trivial?
不是的。 No, we're not.
我们要说清楚。 Let's be clear.
正如我们多年前指出的，如果我们不遵循神的规则，N FP可能导致灵魂的失落，不只是下地狱那么简单。 As we pointed out years ago, if we don't follow God's rules, NFP can result in the loss of souls, and not just in hell.
那这是什么意思呢？ Now, what do you mean by that?
几年前我们做过一个思想实验，现在再做一次。 Well, we did a thought experiment, uh, a few years ago, and we'll do it again.
想象一下一个大家庭。 Just imagine a large family.
比如说，假设有十个孩子。 P- pick the number 10 for the sake of the example.
我们可以想象一个家庭，父亲是家里第十个孩子的儿子，母 亲是家里第十个孩子的女儿，孩子也是第十个孩子的儿子。 So we can imagine a family where the father is, is the son of a 10th child, the mother is the daughter of a 10th child, and the kid is the son of a 10th child.
也就是说，父亲是第十个孩子的儿子，母亲是第 十个孩子的女儿，儿子也是第十个孩子的儿子。 So dad is the, is the son of a 10th child, mom is the son of a 10th child, and the son is the son of a 10th child.
很容易看出，如果前面几代人都犯了波普查克先生那种在没有严重理由的情况 下长期实行NFP的错误，这三家里任何一家都不太可能有十个孩子，对吧？ It's easy to see that if any of the preceding generations had fallen for Mr. Popchick's error of constantly practicing NFP without serious reasons throughout the marriage, it's super unlikely that you'd end up with 10 children in any one of those three families, huh?
几乎不可能。 It's super unlikely.
明白吗。 Okay.
所以说，这样的人根本不会存在。 So what we say, somebody like that wouldn't even come into existence.
换句话说，他的灵魂就失落了。 In other words, his soul would be lost.
但是，如果…… But if...
你不觉得如果我们能问这样的人，他一定会首先告诉你，他很感恩自己能存在吗？ don't you think if we could ask a person like that, he'd be the first one to tell you that he's thankful to exist.
他会感谢他的祖先在神面前慷慨履行本分，拥抱十字架，也感谢自己有机会奔向天堂。 He's be thankful of his ancestors who were generous in doing their duty before God, embracing the cross, and he's thankful to have a shot at heaven.
在座的各位难道不觉得这样的人一定会感恩自己能存在吗？ Doesn't everyone here think someone like that will be thankful to exist?
我是的。 I am.
我非常感恩自己能存在。 I am very thankful to exist.
我不是说每个人都必须生十个孩子，否则就是错的。 I'm not saying that everyone has to have at least 10 kids or you're doing something wrong.
我的意思不是这个。 That's not the message.
事情本来也不是这样运作的。 It doesn't work like that anyway.
在婚姻里，生育情况会呈现一个钟形曲线。 In marriage, it's going to be a bell curve.
如果大家都忠于基督的教导，孩子的数量会从零到二十几个都有，整 体呈现钟形曲线，大多数人会落在中间，比如五到七个，上下浮动。 If people are faithful to the teaching of Christ, they'll be everywhere from zero kids to up in the 20s, and it'll be a bell curve or most of them being somewhere in the mean, you know, so- which is going to be five to seven, and it goes up and down.
如果我们只是照着做，情况就是这样的。 That's how it works if we're just doing things.
我不是说每个人都必须生十个孩子。 I'm not saying everybody has to have 10 kids.
不是的。 No.
但我的意思是，这不是纯粹理论上的问题。 But my point is this isn't just theoretical.
我并不是富有或有权势的人家的后代。 I'm not descended from rich, powerful people.
我只是一个普通的美国人，就像在座大多数人一样 ，都是普通、贫穷的工人阶级公教家庭的后代。 I'm just a regular American, just like most of the rest of you descended from normal, poor working class pe- fo- Catholic folks.
我爸爸的父亲是在北达科他州西部的草皮房里长大的。 My dad's dad grew up in a sod house in Western North Dakota.
我桌上一直放着那座房子的照片提醒自己。 I keep a picture of it on my desk to remind me.
照片里有他小时候，还有我的一位叔公，他们手里 拿着一大束草原上采的花，准备送给他们的妈妈。 It's got him, he's a little kid, and he's got one of my great uncles there, and they got a big bunch of flowers, prairie flowers they picked to give their mom.
我把照片放在桌上，是为了提醒自己是谁，不至于骄傲。我也认识他的妈妈。 And I keep it there on my desk to remind me of who I am so I don't get too proud.But I knew his mom, too.
她是一位虔诚的公教妇女，是拓荒者，在草皮房里养大了那个家庭。 She was a good Catholic woman, pioneer woman, raised that family, uh, in a sod house.
她是家里的第十九个孩子。 She was the 19th kid in her family.
这些事情是有影响的。 This stuff has consequences.
如果你往我家族追溯一百五十年，我相信在座很多家庭也是如此。 You go back 150 years in my family and I bet a lot of families here if you look at it.
我昨天还查了一下。 I looked it up yesterday.
我认识的曾祖母就是大家庭出身。 I knew great-grandmas from a big family.
她家有二十二个孩子。 There's 22 kids.
她不是最小的。 She wasn't a baby.
她排第十九。 She's 19.
如果都按那种理论做，这样的人根本不会存在。 People like this don't come into existence with theories like that.
这真的很重要。 It matters.
这不是理论上的问题。 It's not just theoretical.
神有祂的计划。 God has a plan.
我们要信靠祂。 We've got to trust him.
这并不意味着你一定要生十九个孩子。 Doesn't mean you're going to have 19 kids.
那确实很少见，对吧？ That's pretty exotic, huh?
但我们要信靠祂。 But we've got to trust him.
祂有祂的计划。 He has a plan.
祂有计划，祂爱我们。 He has a pl- he loves us.
神爱我们。 God loves us.
祂希望我们成为圣徒。 He wants us to become saints.
通往天堂的关键就是十字架。 And the key to heaven is the cross.
我在自己生活状态中要背的十字架，和你们的不一样，但我们都不该害怕十字架。 The cross for me in my state of life is different from than the cross from you, but we don't want to be scared of the cross.
有时候，十字架就是孩子…… And when the cross is babies...
你知道，我见过很多人临终。 Uh, you know, I, I see people die.
这也是做祭司很特别的地方之一。 That's one of the neat things about being a priest.
到现在为止，我还没听过有人后悔生了孩子。 I have yet, and I can tell you this, I haven't heard anybody regret their children.
我倒是遇到过后悔没生孩子的人。 I meet people that regret not having them.
这种情况我见过很多。 I meet that a lot.
但我没遇到过后悔生了孩子的人。 But I haven't met anybody that regretted having them.
最后，让我们用庇护十二世教宗的一些思考来结束。 Let's close with some reflections from Pope Pius XII.
引言：「真正道德秩序的基本要求之一，就是在行使婚 姻权利时，内心要真诚地接受母职的功能和责任。」 Quote, "One of the fundamental demands of true moral order is that to the use of the marriage rights, there corresponds a sincere internal acceptance of the function and duties of motherhood.
「当女人接受母职的功能和责任时，她就走在造物主为 她安排的道路上，朝着祂为受造物定下的目标前进。」 With acceptance of the function and duties of motherhood, the woman walks in the path traced out by the Creator, towards the goal which He has assigned His creature.
「通过履行母职，神让她分享祂的良善、智慧和全能。」 He makes her by the exercise of this function partaker of His goodness, wisdom, and omnipotence.
「正如天使所传的信息：『你要怀孕生子。』我们必须迫切地保持、唤 醒并激发对母职功能的认识和热爱。」引言结束，基督的代表说的。 According to the angel's message, 'Thou shalt conceive and thy woman shall bring forth child,' it is urgent to maintain, reawake, and stimulate the sense and love of the function of motherhood." Close quote, The Vicar of Christ.
神让母亲分享祂的良善、智慧和全能。 God makes a mother a partaker of His goodness, wisdom, and impotence.
我想补充一句，神不会赐给一个家庭超过祂所愿意的孩子数量。 And if I might insert, He never sends any more children to a family than the number He wants you to have.
祂是神。 He's God.
真正道德秩序的基本要求之一，就是在行使婚姻 权利时，内心要真诚地接受母职的功能和责任。 One of the fundamental demands of true moral order is that to the use of marriage rights there corresponds a sincere internal acceptance of the functions and duties of motherhood.
母亲的责任。 The duties of motherhood.
这就是「婚姻」这个词的含义。 That's what the word matrimony means.
「Matrimony」这个词来自拉丁文「ma tris munis」，意思就是母亲的责任。 Matrimony comes from a Latin phrase, matris munis, which means the duty of motherhood.
母亲的责任。 The duty of motherhood.
我们必须迫切地唤醒和激发对母职功能的认识和热爱。 It is urgent to reawake and stimulate the sense and love of the function of motherhood.
我以前提过，你有没有注意到，在弥撒中我们大家一起屈膝有两次？ I pointed out before, have you ever noticed there's two times where all of us together genuflect at the mass?
有两次。 There's two times.
是哪两次？ And when is it?
就是在信经和最后的福音时。 It's during the creed and the last gospel.
那我们为什么要屈膝？ And why are we genuflecting?
因为有一位女人，完美的女人，向母亲的责任说了「是」。 Because a woman, the perfect woman said yes to her duties of motherhood.
庇护十二世说：「当她明白天使的信息时，童贞马利亚回答说：『我是主的使女。 Pius XII: "At the moment she understood the angel's message, the Virgin Mary replied, 'Behold the handmaid of the Lord.
情愿照你的话成就在我身上。』这是对母职呼召炽热的回应。」引言结束。 Be it done unto me according to thy word.' A burning yes to the call to motherhood." Close quote.
圣母马利亚对母职的呼召作出了炽热的回应。 The Blessed Virgin Mary gave a burning yes to the call to motherhood.
她作出了炽热的回应。 She gave a burning yes.
让我们跪下，求圣母在这里和全世界唤醒并激发对母职功能的认识和热 爱，也求她赐下恩典，让更多夫妻能对母职的呼召作出炽热的回应。 Let's kneel down and ask Our Lady to reawake and stimulate the sense and love of the function of motherhood here and throughout the world and grant that more couples will have the grace to say a burning yes to the call to motherhood.