Transcript
36.28-43.56
For new Catholics, it can sometimes be intimidating to think about going frequently to confession.
对于刚成为公教徒的人,一想到要经常去办告解,有时会觉得有点害怕。
43.58-52.74
But in fact, it's one of the most fruitful spiritual practices you can adopt and develop for your spiritual life and your spiritual growth.
但其实,就你的灵性生活和灵性成长来说,这是你可以采用并逐渐养成的最有果效的灵修操练之一。
52.82-63.36
So, let me start off this session on regular confession by giving you the view of a priest, a view from the other side of the confessional, as it were.
所以,让我先从祭司的角度来开始这段关于「定期告解」的内容,也就是从告解亭另一边的视角来谈。
64.28-77.76
Before I became a priest, I, of course, often experienced going to confession and thinking about what the priest would think of me when I was confessing my sins.
在我成为祭司之前,我当然也常常去告解,也会想:当我告明自己的罪时,祭司会怎么想我呢?
78.16-98.56
But actually, I can tell you that as a priest and having spoken with lots of other priests about, uh, not about individual sins, of course, or what you hear in particular in a confessional, but the experience of a priest as a confessor, I can tell you something very important and which I find actually very consoling.
但其实,作为一名祭司,并且在和许多其他祭司谈过——当然不是谈个别的罪,或告解亭里具体听到的内容,而是谈作为听告解的祭司的经验——之后,我可以告诉你一件很重要、而且让我觉得很安慰的事。
99.24-115.04
As a priest sitting in a confessional, the first thing you hear, and over and over in a very beautiful way, is the repentance of the penitents who desire to be restored to communion with God.
作为坐在告解亭里的祭司,你首先听到的,而且会一次又一次、以一种很美的方式听到的,是那些告解者的忏悔;他们渴望重新与神共融。
115.50-119.42
And that actually is a really wonderful thing to hear.
而这的确是件非常美好的事。
119.78-124.12
You hear people who are trying to grow in holiness.
你会听到许多人在努力追求更圣洁的生活。
124.32-132.46
They may be struggling, they may have real challenges and difficulties, but they want to be closer to God.
他们也许在挣扎,也确实面对真实的挑战和困难,但他们想要更亲近神。
132.50-139.74
They want to leave their sins behind, and that is actually extremely consoling.
他们想把罪留在身后,而这真的让人深受安慰。
140.20-150.06
Sometimes, people wonder if a priest finds it, uh, to be a real downer to hear confessions, and actually, I must say, it's a great privilege.
有时,人们会想:祭司听告解会不会觉得很压抑、很难受?但我得说,这其实是一种极大的特权。
150.10-155.54
It's one of the greatest privileges after celebrating the Eucharist that I have as a priest.
就我作为祭司的职务来说,除了主持圣餐之外,这是我最大的特权之一。
156.74-169.44
Because you become a kind of witness to the way God is at work within someone's soul and you have the great privilege to encourage them in their living of the Christian life.
因为你会以某种方式见证神怎样在一个人的灵魂里动工,而且你有极大的特权去鼓励他们活出基督徒的生活。
169.66-181.06
In fact, in a way, you get to watch the transformation that comes over them as they receive the forgiveness of Christ through the priest's absolution.
事实上,从某种意义上说,你能亲眼看到他们在藉着祭司的赦罪领受基督的赦免时所发生的改变。
181.46-186.84
So, you should never be worried about what the priest is going to think about you.
所以,你完全不用担心祭司会怎么想你。
186.90-188.82
The priest is not thinking about you.
祭司并没有在想着你这个人。
189.30-194.62
In fact, priests have pretty bad memories when it comes to hearing confessions.
其实,祭司在听告解这件事上,记性普遍不怎么样。
195.28-200.34
Because you're not there to focus on who did what.
因为去那里不是为了盯着是谁做了什么。
200.72-211.28
You're there to help these penitents be free of their sins and to receive the grace and mercy of God, and that is a wonderful gift.
你在那里是要帮助这些告解者脱离他们的罪,领受神的恩典和怜悯,而这是一份极美好的恩赐。
211.62-227.12
The sacrament of confession is the normal means by which sins committed after baptism are forgiven, and Jesus instituted this sacrament, He gave this to us because He knew that we need it.
告解圣事是通常的途径,藉此受洗之后所犯的罪得以被赦免;耶稣设立了这项圣事,把它赐给我们,因为他知道我们需要它。
227.76-229.08
Why is that?
这是为什么呢?
229.42-242.34
Well, the first, and perhaps most important reason is the Devil tries to blackmail us, and that blackmail can be effective only if we keep our sins secret.
首先、也许是最重要的原因是:撒但会想要要挟我们;而只要我们把罪藏在心里,这种要挟就会有效。
242.78-248.66
So, how does the Devil try to convince you that you shouldn't go to confession?
那么,撒但是怎样劝你别去告解的呢?
249.42-262.06
Well, the first step in any temptation is our enemy trying to convince us that the sin he wants us to commit isn't really very bad at all.
通常,任何试探的第一步,就是我们的仇敌先让我们相信:他想让我们犯的那个罪其实没什么大不了。
262.06-263.32
It's not a big deal.
这不是什么大事。
263.80-264.72
Don't worry about it.
别为这事操心。
264.72-267.24
The Church's teaching is probably over the top on this.
教会在这件事上的教导大概太夸张了。
267.58-270.94
Those are the kinds of things that he will want you to believe.
这些就是他要你相信的那些话。
271.72-277.72
But after you fall into a sin, what does he say to your soul then?
但当你陷入罪里之后,他又会对你的心说什么呢?
277.92-282.06
He says, You are a sinner.
他说:你是个罪人。
282.78-285.38
You are evil.
你是邪恶的。
285.84-289.56
What you have done is really awful, even unforgivable.
你做的事真可怕,甚至不可饶恕。
289.88-295.18
He will try to convince you that you are nothing but your sin.
他会试图让你相信,你不过就是你的罪本身。
295.68-298.18
Of course, that is false too.
当然,这也是假的。
299.02-315.20
So, he tries to blackmail us into thinking that we cannot escape our sins, that we can never be forgiven, that we can't go back to our Father and admit to Him what we have done.
所以,他就想要挟我们,让我们以为自己逃不出罪,也永远得不到赦免,不能回到我们的圣父那里,向他承认我们所做的。
316.24-318.24
This is a lie.
这是一句谎言。
318.30-321.46
He is the father of lies, after all.
毕竟,他就是谎言之父。
321.98-342.06
And the way that you break the power of the Devil's blackmail is by bringing into the light exactly what his threats are, to expose them to the light of Christ, and to receive God's mercy, because this will render the Devil powerless over you.
而打破撒但要挟的权势的方法,就是把他的威吓原原本本地带到光里,让它们暴露在基督的光中,并且领受神的怜悯;这样,撒但在你身上就失去权势。
343.28-376.83
What is more, we as human beings, need the opportunity to bring our sins out into the light, also for our own sake so that we ourselves can come to grips, not simply with how sinful we are, but rather with how much we stand in need of God.So, one of the Desert Fathers, one of the early great saints who went out into the Egyptian desert in the early ages of Christianity, he wrote this.
更进一步说,作为人,我们需要有一个机会把自己的罪带到光里,为着我们自己,好让我们不只是认识到自己有多有罪,更认识到自己多么需要神。有一位「沙漠教父」,就是早期基督教时代进入埃及沙漠的那些伟大圣徒之一,他写过这样一句话。
376.83-382.71
Rejoice when you discover in yourself a new imperfection.
「当你发现自己又有一个新的缺点时,要喜乐。」
383.29-386.45
That sounds very strange to us, even paradoxical.
这听起来很古怪,甚至有点自相矛盾。
386.89-394.43
Why should I rejoice when I discover a new way that I am failing or faulty?
为什么我发现自己又有新的失败或毛病时,还要喜乐呢?
395.19-397.63
Well, the reason to rejoice is this.
之所以要喜乐,原因在这里。
398.05-403.93
Our imperfections, our faults, they really are there.
我们的不完美、我们的缺点,确实就在那里。
404.57-409.85
They're in all of us because we are fallen human beings with a fallen human nature.
我们每个人都有,因为我们是堕落的人,带着堕落的人性。
410.89-424.29
What is really important is not that we have those faults, but that we discover the power of God's grace to remove those faults from within.
真正重要的,不是我们有这些缺点,而是我们要认识到神的恩典有能力把这些缺点从我们里面除去。
424.91-433.27
That means that when you discover a new fault, you now can begin to ask God for the grace to remove it.
这就意味着,当你发现一个新的缺点时,你就可以开始求神赐下一份恩典,把它除去。
433.65-440.15
And even more so when we have sins hiding in us, sins that we may not even be fully aware of.
更何况,当我们里面藏着一些罪,甚至我们自己都还没完全察觉到的罪时,更是如此。
440.47-449.73
As we come to confess more, we come to recognize all the more how much we need God's help.
我们越常去告解,就越会认识到自己多么需要神的帮助。
450.07-453.73
And of course, God is always ready to give us His help.
当然,神总是愿意随时帮助我们。
453.77-459.87
So we need to have no worries about whether He will provide what we need.
所以,我们不用担心他会不会供应我们所需要的。
461.07-471.25
What is more, in living out the Christian life, it's a great help to have wise counsel, especially when we're struggling with sin.
此外,在活出基督徒的生活时,有明智的劝导会有很大帮助,特别是在我们与罪挣扎的时候。
471.91-482.79
So if there is something that you find difficult to figure out how to untie in your life, bring it to the Sacrament of Confession.
所以,如果你生活里有一些理不清、解不开的结,就把它带到告解圣事里。
483.47-494.05
Priests are there precisely to help you with this, and you are not burdening a priest when you ask him to hear your confession.
祭司正是为此而在;当你请他听你的告解时,并没有给他添麻烦。
494.21-496.43
That's why we're priests.
这就是我们之所以成为祭司的原因。
497.05-499.97
It's what priests exist for.
这也是祭司存在的目的。
500.71-508.93
Give us the opportunity to be ministers of Christ's grace by coming regularly to that sacrament.
请你常常来领这项圣事,给我们机会作基督恩典的仆人。
509.77-525.47
Now, in going to confession, it is absolutely necessary in order to have a valid confession that you acknowledge all of the serious sins that you've committed since your baptism that you've not confessed before.
另外,为使你的告解有效,去告解时必须把你自受洗以来所犯、且尚未告过的一切致死的罪都承认出来。
525.97-531.33
So this is an important reminder about a regular practice of confession.
所以,这是一条关于定期告解的重要提醒。
532.03-541.29
Even if you might be tempted to omit or hide some sin that you are particularly ashamed of, don't do it.
即使你会受试探,想把某些特别让你羞愧的罪略去或藏起来,也千万不要这么做。
541.67-548.05
Hiding sins in the confessional actually prevents you from making a valid confession.
在告解亭里隐瞒罪,实际上会使你的告解无效。
549.27-555.01
Because you're not renouncing completely your attachment to sin.
因为你并没有完全放弃对罪的依恋。
555.49-568.83
In a way, you're holding onto something, not bringing it forth into the light of Christ's grace, and therefore, you're holding onto an obstacle to loving God above all things.
某种意义上,你还抓着某些东西,不肯把它带到基督恩典的光里;因此,你就抓着一个拦阻,使你不能把爱神放在万有之上。
569.67-583.63
Now, sometimes it happens that you will forget to confess a sin, or maybe after you've gone to confession, you will remember, Ugh, I meant to confess that, and it just slipped my mind when I got in the confessional.
当然,有时也会发生你忘了告某个罪,或者在告解之后才想起来:哎呀,我本来想告那个的,刚进告解亭时一紧张就给忘了。
583.95-586.85
Now, if this happens to you, don't worry.
如果发生这种事,别担心。
587.25-594.73
Sins that you omitted because you forgot, those are really forgiven by the priest's absolution.
因为遗忘而没有告出来的罪,确实已经藉着祭司的赦罪得了赦免。
595.15-605.15
As long as when you're in the confessional, you intend to confess everything, it is all forgiven, even what you might forget.
只要你在告解时本来就打算把一切都告出来,那就都得了赦免,哪怕是你忘掉的那些。
605.43-613.33
So should you remember something after you've finished a confession, then simply confess it at your next opportunity.
所以,如果你在告解结束后想起了什么,就在下一次有机会时把它告出来就好。
614.13-629.87
Now, in addition to grave sins or mortal sins, each of those have to be confessed in a confession, it's also very spiritually fruitful and useful to confess also venial sins or lighter sins.
另外,除了重大或致死的罪——这些每一项都必须在告解中告明——之外,告明轻罪对灵性也很有益、很有果效。
630.45-642.25
Every venial sin involves a kind of negligence, a wavering of your focus on the supreme good who is God, whom you should love above all things.
每一个轻罪都包含某种疏忽,让你对至善者——神——的专注动摇;而你本该把爱他放在万有之上。
642.27-657.99
So if you let venial sins build up over time, if you let them build up for a long period of time, they tend to slowly get worse and worse, and in fact, they tend to set you up for a big fall into mortal sin.
所以,如果你任由轻罪随着时间累积,拖得很久不处理,它们往往会慢慢变本加厉,甚至把你一步步推向跌入致死的罪。
658.65-665.21
That's partly because sin always involves a kind of blindness, and even you could say a numbness.
这部分是因为,罪总带着一种盲目,甚至可以说是一种麻木。
665.59-673.51
The more you commit a sin, the more immune to recognizing it as a sin that you become.
你犯某个罪越多,就越不把它当罪来看,也越不敏感。
674.01-681.15
So what you want to do in your spiritual life is not become numb to the effects of sin.
所以,你在灵修上要避免对罪的影响变得麻木。
681.33-685.09
Rather, you want to become more sensitive.
而是要变得更敏感。
685.27-691.81
You wanna become more sensitive, not because the church wants you to be depressed about how wretched you are.
你要更敏感,不是因为教会想让你为自己的悲惨感到沮丧。
691.89-693.33
No, not that.
不是这样的。
693.55-713.99
But rather because as you become more sensitive to God and the things of God, you will find new ways that God will free you to grow even more in spiritual freedom, in self-control, in His peace and His love.
而是因为,当你对神和属神的事更敏感时,你会发现神会用新的方式释放你,使你在灵里的自由、自制、他的平安和他的爱里有更多成长。
714.39-724.25
In other words, the spiritual life is kind of like acquiring a taste for fine food or fine wine.
换句话说,灵性生活有点像慢慢培养对美食或美酒的品味。
724.61-745.68
It doesn't necessarily happen in the first moment that you taste it.But as you taste the delights of the spiritual life, the delights of life with God, you become more sensitive to the imperfections in yourself, and that's precisely what frequent confession can help you do.
这不一定会在你第一次尝到时就发生。可是,当你尝到灵性生活、与神同行的甘甜时,你会对自己里面的不完美更敏感,而这正是常常告解能帮助你的地方。
747.18-764.36
Frequent confession also helps you grow in the virtue of hope, that theological virtue, which is to trust in God's help to attain to the greatest good, which is to know and love God, ultimately to be with Him in heaven.
常常告解也帮助你在那一项德性——盼望——上成长;盼望就是信靠神的帮助,使你得着至善,就是认识并爱神,最终在天上与他同在。
765.30-772.08
So, the important thing is not that you fall into sin.
所以,重要的不在于你会不会跌倒犯罪。
772.62-781.46
The more important thing than your sins is that you get back up after you sin, and return to your Father.
比你的罪更重要的是,你在犯罪之后要重新站起来,回到你的圣父那里。
781.94-785.06
That is, come back to confession.
也就是,再回到告解里。
786.36-798.04
Sometimes, some people find that there are certain habitual sins or recurring sins that they have a very hard time uprooting from their spiritual life.
有时候,有些人会发现自己有某些习惯性的罪、反复出现的罪,很难从灵性生活里连根拔除。
798.60-805.22
And some people can mistakenly think that what is needed there is more willpower.
有的人会错误地以为,解决之道就是更强的意志力。
805.48-807.76
You just have to try harder.
你只要更努力就行了。
808.52-824.44
In fact, the practice of regular confession will also help you understand that you will be saved, especially in these cases of difficult sins, not by your willpower, but by the power of God's grace.
事实上,定期告解的操练也会帮助你明白:你之所以能得拯救,特别是在这些难以对付的罪上,并不是靠你的意志力,而是靠神恩典的大能。
825.04-831.26
That's because God is vastly more powerful than your weakness.
因为神比你的软弱强大得多。
831.80-846.54
So when you fall, God forbid that you do, but if you should fall, this gives you an occasion to acknowledge just how weak you are, and therefore, just how much God will help you.
所以,当你跌倒时——但愿你不要——可如果真的跌倒了,这就给了你一个机会,承认自己到底多么软弱,从而也明白神会多么帮助你。
847.02-852.06
As Saint Paul says, When I am weak, then I am strong.
正如保罗所说:「因我什么时候软弱,什么时候就刚强了。」
852.56-857.12
This is a great secret for growth in holiness.
这是在圣洁上成长的一个重要秘诀。
857.14-863.76
That's because our growth in holiness will not depend on our being strong.
因为我们在圣洁上的成长,不取决于我们自己够不够强。
864.20-868.28
It will depend on our relying on God's power.
而是取决于我们是否倚靠神的能力。
868.60-872.50
And God will help you, and above all, through the sacraments.
而且神会帮助你,尤其是藉着各项圣事。
872.68-878.50
So if you do fall into sin, don't beat yourself up about it.
所以,如果你真的跌入了罪里,不要因此自责过度。
878.88-883.98
Get right back up and come back to confession and start over.
马上站起来,回到告解里,重新开始。
884.58-888.60
Now, how frequently should you go to confession?
那么,你应该多久去一次告解呢?
888.92-894.08
Now traditionally, the Catholic Church would recommend even every one to two weeks.
传统上,公教会甚至会建议每一到两周就去一次。
894.24-895.80
That's not too often.
这并不算太频繁。
896.10-899.82
But at least a good rule is once per haircut.
但至少有个不错的原则:每剪一次头发,就告解一次。
900.30-905.24
So don't let it become months, and definitely not years, between confessions.
所以,别让两次告解之间隔上好几个月,更不要隔上几年。
905.60-909.08
The more you go, the more fruitful it will be for you.
你去得越勤,对你就越有果效。
910.38-914.54
Finally, how to prepare to make a good confession.
最后,如何预备一次好的告解。
915.30-920.20
One thing that can be very helpful for people is to get a good examination of conscience.
有一件很有帮助的事,就是找到一份好的省察良心。
920.42-926.32
Spend some time before you go into the confessional praying to God.
在进告解亭之前,先花些时间向神祷告。
926.46-941.34
Ask God to show you where you need to grow, to show you your sinfulness, and more importantly, to help you to trust more and more in the power of His mercy and His grace.
求神指出你需要成长的地方,显明你的罪性;更重要的是,求他帮助你越来越信靠他怜悯和恩典的大能。
941.60-945.20
Ask Him for the grace of repentance.
求他赐下悔改的恩典。
945.58-959.66
And then after you go to confession, come out of the confessional, do your penance, the penance that the priest will assign to you, and give thanks to God for the grace of forgiveness that God has given you.
然后,告解完走出告解亭,按祭司给你指定的补赎去做,并为神赐给你的赦免之恩向他献上感谢。
960.28-962.92
And one last piece of advice.
最后,再给你一条建议。
963.32-968.34
Tell your friends about what a great gift this sacrament is.
把这项圣事何等美好的恩赐,告诉你的朋友们。
968.44-977.58
Far too few, even practicing Catholics, take advantage of the mercy of God waiting for us in the confessional.
连许多热心实践信仰的公教徒在内,能善用告解亭里等着我们的神的怜悯的人,实在太少了。
978.48-983.30
Tell other people about this good news.
把这个好消息告诉更多的人。