Transcript

0.04-6.40
On June 13th, Adrianna Smith, who had been declared brain dead back in February, gave birth to a baby boy named Chance.
6月13日,早在2月就被宣告脑死亡的阿德里安娜·史密斯产下一名男婴,取名为钱斯。
6.58-13.32
But now some pro-abortion advocates are hoping this baby dies so that they can promote their twisted ideology.
但如今一些支持堕胎的人士却希望这个婴儿死去,好让他们推广自己扭曲的意识形态。
13.76-23.82
In today's episode, we're going to examine the story and the responses to it, including a response from one prominent pro-lifer who did not support these efforts to save baby Chance's life.
在今天的节目中,我们将探讨这个事件及其引发的反应,包括一位著名反堕胎人士的回应——他并不支持这些拯救婴儿钱斯的努力。
24.10-28.24
To start, here's a news story about the incident back in May before Chance was born.
首先来看五月钱斯出生前关于该事件的新闻报道。
28.24-43.22
April Newkirk expressed in her GoFundMe appeal that Adrianna was declared brain dead on February 19th, her mother writing, Due to expecting her unborn child, she will be kept on life support due to heartbeat law in Georgia.
艾普丽尔·纽柯克在众筹页面中表示,阿德里安娜于2月19日被宣告脑死亡。她的母亲写道:「由于她怀着未出生的孩子,根据乔治亚州的心跳法案,她将依靠生命维持系统延续生命。」
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But saddened to know we had no say-so regarding her lifeless body and unborn child.
但令人痛心的是,我们对她没有生命迹象的身体和未出生的孩子都没有决定权。
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Georgia's heartbeat law bans abortion after around six weeks of pregnancy when a heartbeat can first be detected.
乔治亚州心跳法案禁止在怀孕约六周(可首次检测到胎心)后实施堕胎。
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It was signed into law by Governor Kemp in 2019.
该法案于2019年由州长坎普签署生效。
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There's a lot of misinformation when it comes to this case.
关于这个案件存在大量错误信息。
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First, the Georgia Attorney General's Office said this decision had nothing to do with Georgia's ban on abortions.
首先,乔治亚州总检察长办公室声明该决定与该州堕胎禁令无关。
67.82-74.82
They said, There is nothing in the Life Act that requires medical professionals to keep a woman on life support after brain death.
他们表示:「《生命法案》中没有任何条款要求医护人员在脑死亡后必须为孕妇维持生命支持系统。」
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Removing life support is not an action with the purpose to terminate a pregnancy.
撤除生命支持系统的行为不属于以终止妊娠为目的的医疗操作。
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Second, this seems to be a consequence of older case laws in Georgia.
其次,这似乎是乔治亚州早期判例法导致的结果。
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Back in 1987, the Georgia Superior Court ruled in the case of another brain dead pregnant woman, Donna Piazzi, that, quote, Based on case law and on Georgia statutes, only the mother has the right to terminate a quickened, non-viable fetus and that public policy requires the maintenance of life support systems for a brain dead mother as long as there exists a reasonable possibility that the fetus may develop and survive.
早在1987年,乔治亚州高等法院在审理另一名脑死亡孕妇唐娜·皮亚齐的案件时就裁定:「根据判例法和乔治亚州法规,只有母亲有权终止已有胎动的非存活胎儿,且公共政策要求只要胎儿存在发育存活的合理可能性,就必须为脑死亡母亲维持生命支持系统。」
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In 2007, Georgia passed the Advance Directive for Healthcare Act, which standardized how people could say what medical care they do or don't want if they're incapacitated.
2007年乔治亚州通过《医疗预先指示法案》,规范了人们在丧失行为能力时对医疗选择的预先声明方式。
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The form said that unless a woman positively indicates she does not want to be on life support while pregnant, then the state will presume that she should be kept alive for the benefit of her child.
该法案表格注明:除非孕妇明确表示怀孕期间不愿接受生命支持,否则州政府将推定应为保障胎儿利益而维持其生命。
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And there is no evidence Smith had an advance directive saying she wanted to be taken off of life support if she were pregnant.
目前没有证据表明史密斯生前签署过声明——若怀孕时遭遇脑死亡则要求撤除生命支持系统的预先医疗指示。
135.70-139.80
Third, I'm assuming for the sake of the argument that Smith was truly dead.
第三点,为便于讨论,我暂且假设史密斯确实已经死亡。
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Many Catholic bioethicists are skeptical of brain death diagnoses being equivalent to a true diagnosis of death, as can be seen in a recent symposium held on the subject by the National Catholic Bioethics Center that I'll link to below.
许多公教生命伦理学家对「脑死亡等同于生物学死亡」的诊断标准持怀疑态度——这一点可以从美国公教生命伦理中心近期举办的专题研讨会中看出(我会在下方附上链接)。
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But I'll just assume for the sake of the argument Smith was biologically dead and all that remained was Smith's body.
但为了讨论需要,我暂且假设史密斯在生物学意义上已死亡,留下的只是她的躯体。
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Fourth, many people are claiming Smith's family tried to remove her life support, but hospital officials backed by state authorities refused to do so.
第四点,许多人声称史密斯的家人曾试图撤除她的生命支持系统,但获得州政府支持的医院官员拒绝执行。
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But the family has only said in interviews that they wished they had the choice to do this, not that they were actually going to do it.
但家属在采访中仅表示他们希望有这个选择权,而非确实打算这么做。
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And I'm not saying that we would have chose to terminate her pregnancy.
我并不是说我们会选择终止她的妊娠。
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What I'm saying is we should have had a choice.
我想说的是我们本应拥有选择的权利。
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And in fact, in other interviews, they said that they wanted this baby to live.
事实上在其他采访中,他们明确表示希望这个孩子能活下来。
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So at that point, we continued with the pregnancy that we didn't have a choice or say about.
所以当时我们只能继续这个我们毫无选择余地的妊娠过程。
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And, and, and, and I just want to be clear on something.
另外...另外...我想特别澄清一点:
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We want her to have her baby.
我们希望她能把孩子生下来。
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We want her life to continue throughout her children.
我们希望她的生命能通过孩子们延续下去。
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But at the same time, to see her laying there like that for that length of time, the grieving process for us, it can't even start.
但与此同时,看着她这样长时间躺在那里,我们的哀悼过程甚至无法开始。
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They named her daughter's baby Chance.
他们给女儿的孩子取名为钱斯(Chance)。
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'Cause to me he's getting a second chance.
因为对我来说,他获得了第二次机会。
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So let's look at the situation.
让我们来看看这个情况。
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Adrianna Smith is dead.
阿德里安娜·史密斯已经去世。
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Her rights as a human person cannot be violated.
她作为人类的权利不能被侵犯。
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Smith's family wants her baby to live.
史密斯的家人希望她的孩子能活下来。
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The hospital wants the baby to live, and that is what has happened.
医院也希望孩子能活下来,而事实也正是如此。
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Here's a recent news story updating the situation.
以下是关于该事件最新进展的新闻报道。
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They say that she will be taken off life support at 2:00 PM today.
院方表示将于今天下午2点撤除她的生命支持系统。
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And while they are preparing to grieve her, they're also holding onto the tiniest bit of hope, and that is her newborn baby, Chance.
在家属准备哀悼的同时,他们仍紧握着最微小的希望——那就是她刚出生的婴儿钱斯。
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Baby Chance was born just last Friday on June 13th, delivered by emergency C-section at just 25 weeks.
钱斯宝宝上周五(6月13日)才出生,当时仅怀孕25周便通过紧急剖腹产分娩。
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And he's now in the NICU.
目前他正在新生儿重症监护室接受治疗。
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His mother, Adrianna Smith, was declared brain dead back in February, eight weeks into her pregnancy after suffering blood clots in her brain.
他的母亲阿德里安娜·史密斯早在二月怀孕八周时因脑部血栓被宣告脑死亡。
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Adrianna's mother, April Newkirk, says today her baby is fighting for a chance at life.
阿德里安娜的母亲艾普丽尔·纽柯克表示,如今她的外孙正在为生存机会而奋斗。
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He's fighting.
他在顽强抗争。
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He's in the NICU unit.
他现在住在新生儿重症监护室。
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He's about one pound 13 ounces, and he's expected to be okay.
体重约1磅13盎司(约合822克),预计情况会好转。
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He's just fighting.
他只是在努力求生。
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Yeah.
是的。
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We're, we, we just want prayers for him.
我们...我们只希望大家为他祈祷。
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So no one's rights or requests are being violated in this case, and yet the replies from pro-abortion advocates are truly sickening.
这个案例中没有任何人的权利或诉求受到侵犯,但支持堕胎者的回应实在令人作呕。
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Here's one post that got nearly two million views, which says, I might be a monster for saying this, but I don't want that child to live.
这里有一条获得近两百万浏览的帖子写道:『说这话可能显得我很冷血,但我不希望那个孩子活下来。』
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Because if it grows to live and have a decent life, then we as women are doomed to never escape the role of an incubator.
『因为如果他活下来并过上体面生活,我们女性就永远摆脱不了生育机器的角色。』
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Adrianna Smith was an experiment of a country that hates its women.
『阿德里安娜·史密斯就是这个憎恨女性的国家进行的实验品。』
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And this post that got over four million views says, I still hope the baby doesn't survive more than another day or two.
另一条获得四百多万浏览的帖子写道:『我仍然希望这个婴儿活不过一两天。』
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People are seriously not understanding the precedent across the country that will happen if the baby survives.
『如果婴儿存活下来,人们根本没有意识到这将在全国范围内开创怎样的先例。』
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It really is the absolute worst thing that can happen.
『这确实是可能发生的最糟糕的事情。』
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Actually, the worst thing that can happen is that posts like these aren't ratioed.
实际上最糟糕的是,这类帖子竟然没有被群起攻之。
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Instead, tens of thousands of people liked X post that openly hoped for a baby to die.
相反,成千上万人点赞了这条公开诅咒婴儿死亡的推文。
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It's no wonder Saint Paul said in Second Corinthians 4:4, The god of this world has blinded the minds of the unbelievers to keep them from seeing the light of the gospel of the glory of Jesus Christ.
难怪圣保罗在哥林多后书4:4中说:『此等不信之人被这世界的神弄瞎了心眼,不叫基督荣耀福音的光照着他们。』
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So Paul is referring to Satan as the god of this world because of how much control he has over this world.
保罗将撒但称为「这世界的神」,正是因为它对这个世界的掌控力。
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And indeed it's sickening to see how evil seemingly regular people can be.
目睹看似普通的常人竟能如此邪恶,实在令人作呕。
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So we need to pray that God's Holy Spirit, which is infinitely more powerful than Satan, will free these people from his demonic power.
因此我们需要祈求神的圣灵——祂的力量远胜撒但——能解救这些人脱离邪灵的掌控。
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And you see this power on display when pro-aborts bend over backwards to say that this child wasn't really born, and so they still want to deny his humanity even after birth.
这种邪灵的力量在堕胎支持者身上显露无遗:他们竟绞尽脑汁宣称这个孩子不算真正出生,甚至在婴儿降生后仍企图否定他作为人的权利。
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They kept a corpse-
『他们维持着一具尸体——』
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active until they could pull the fetus from the vessel.
『直到能从这个容器里取出胎儿为止。』
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That is it.
仅此而已。
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Against her family's wishes, against her own end-of-life wishes.
『违背家属意愿,违背她本人的临终嘱托。』
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Her family will now be forced to take care of a child that they were not prepared for and saddled with the medical bills.
『她的家人现在被迫抚养这个意外降临的孩子,还要背负巨额医疗债务。』
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How can you look me in the eye and tell me everything about this isn't evil?
『你怎能睁着眼睛说这一切不是邪恶?』
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If Jeff Foxworthy were a pro-life apologist, I think he'd say to this individual, If you think it'd be better to kill a baby in the womb than pay doctors to save his life, you might be a moral monster.
如果杰夫·福克斯沃西是个反堕胎护教家,我想他会对这个人说:『如果你认为杀死子宫里的婴儿比花钱请医生救活他更合理,那你可能是个道德怪物。』
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And the Prophet Isaiah would say, Woe to those who call evil good and good evil, who put darkness for light and light for darkness.
而先知以赛亚则会宣告:『祸哉!那些称恶为善、称善为恶,以暗为光、以光为暗的人。』(以赛亚书5:20)
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Here's how pro-abortion logic works.
以下是堕胎支持者的逻辑运作方式。
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First, they don't care about truth because there's no evidence Smith or her family want to end this child's life.
首先,他们不在乎事实——没有任何证据表明史密斯或其家人想结束这个孩子的生命。
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In fact, there's evidence to the contrary.
实际上,现有证据恰恰相反。
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And second, the child is a baby to them if they want that particular child to live, and it's a fetus being pulled from a vessel if they want the child to die.
其次,当他们希望某个特定孩子存活时,就称之为婴儿;当他们希望孩子死亡时,就称之为『从容器里取出的胎儿』。
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Even if the child is two seconds away from being born or has already been born, they just slap the label fetus onto the child to justify murder, which is also dumb because the Latin word fetus just means offspring or young one.
即使孩子离出生只差两秒或已经出生,他们仍强行贴上『胎儿』标签来为谋杀辩护——这也很愚蠢,因为拉丁语「fetus」本就指『后代』或『幼体』。
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It's like saying it's okay to kill newborn children because they're just neonates, the Latin word for newborns.
这就好比说杀死新生儿没问题,因为他们只是拉丁语称为「neonate」的新生儿。
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This is also incredibly disrespectful to mothers who have fought for their lives and their children's lives in these kinds of circumstances.
这种论调对在类似情况下为自身和孩子生命抗争的母亲们也是极大的侮辱。
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Melanie Pritchard is a pro-life advocate who trained me to do pro-life work when I was just 18 years old.
梅兰妮·普里查德是位反堕胎倡导者,我18岁时就接受过她组织的反堕胎工作培训。
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In 2010, she suffered a medical emergency while pregnant and was declared clinically dead.
2010年她怀孕时遭遇医疗紧急状况,被宣告临床死亡。
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Here's her story depicted on the Christian Broadcast Network.
以下是基督教广播网报道的她的故事。
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Melanie Pritchard was rushed to the operating room where a team of doctors performed an emergency C-section.
梅兰妮·普里查德被紧急送进手术室,医疗团队实施了剖腹产手术。
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Melanie was dying from an amniotic fluid embolism, a rare allergic reaction during pregnancy that caused her heart and lungs to shut down.
梅兰妮因羊水栓塞濒临死亡——这是妊娠期罕见的过敏反应,导致其心肺功能衰竭。
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A well-known pro-life activist, Melanie was now fighting for her own life.
作为知名的反堕胎活动家,梅兰妮当时正在为自己的生命而战。
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My wife was clinically dead when, when they delivered my daughter.
「我妻子在医生接生我女儿时已经临床死亡。
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They thought there was absolutely no way that she could come back.
他们认为她绝对不可能苏醒。
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Uh, she looked deader than dead.
她看起来完全像个死人。」
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Thankfully, Melanie and her baby, who is now a teenager, are doing just fine.
值得感恩的是,梅兰妮和她的孩子——如今已是个青少年——现在都很健康。
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In fact, they visited us at our home just a few weeks ago.
事实上,几周前他们还来我们家做客。
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But we don't say that a fetus was extracted from my friend.
但我们不会说『从我的朋友体内取出了个胎儿』。
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The doctors saved her baby's life and Melanie gave birth, which we usually say out of respect to people who have medically indicated C-sections.
医生拯救了她孩子的生命,梅兰妮完成了分娩——我们通常这样表述是出于对接受医疗性剖腹产者的尊重。
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They still endure the trials of birth.
她们同样经历了分娩的艰辛。
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Hey, real fast, at this point, a lot of people would say in a video, Here's a word from our sponsor, but I love that our supporters are so generous, we don't need sponsorships.
插播一句:通常视频到这里会出现『以下是赞助商信息』,但我很感恩我们的支持者如此慷慨,使我们无需商业赞助。
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We can just focus on sharing and defending the Catholic faith.
我们可以专注传播和捍卫公教信仰。
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And if you want to help us to keep doing that, please hit the subscribe button and support us at trenthornpodcast.com, where for as little as $5 a month, you get access to bonus content and you make all of this possible without any sponsorships.
若您愿意支持我们持续这项工作,请点击订阅按钮,并在trenthornpodcast.com资助我们——每月仅需5美元即可获取独家内容,您的支持让我们无需商业赞助也能持续运营。
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And now, back to the episode.
现在回到正题。
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Now, I do want to be clear though that not everybody who was uncomfortable with keeping Smith's body alive to save her child are monstrous ghouls.
需要说明的是,并非所有对维持史密斯躯体存活以挽救婴儿的做法感到不安的人都是冷血怪物。
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Some of them have just made a mistake in their moral reasoning when they started from some correct moral presuppositions, but then ended up at the wrong answer in this case.
有些人只是在道德推理中犯了错误——他们从某些正确的道德前提出发,却在这个案例中得出了错误结论。
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For example, here is what pro-life advocate Abby Johnson wrote on her X account.
例如反堕胎倡导者艾比·约翰逊在其X账号的发言:
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Let's go through it part by part.
让我们逐段分析。
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This was written before Chance was born.
这段文字写于钱斯出生前。
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I know I'm the very odd man out in this Georgia situation where a woman is being essentially used as an incubator to keep a child alive.
『我知道在乔治亚州这个案例中自己是个异类——这位女性实质上被当作维持胎儿存活的孵化器。』
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She was pronounced brain dead when her unborn child was nine weeks along, and she is being kept artificially alive for now over 11 weeks in order to continue the pregnancy.
『她被宣告脑死亡时胎儿仅九周大,如今已靠人工维持生命超过11周以延续妊娠。』
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First, the language of this mother being used as an incubator is dehumanizing.
首先,将这位母亲称为『孵化器』的说法本身就带有非人化倾向。
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The only other people I see using this kind of language are pro-abortion advocates.
我见过唯一使用类似表述的群体就是堕胎支持者。
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Smith was not being treated like an object.
史密斯并未被当作物品对待。
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Her ability to mother her child was extended for the child's good.
延长她作为母亲的功能正是为了孩子的福祉。
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Johnson continues, I have a huge ethical problem with this.
约翰逊继续写道:『我对此有重大伦理质疑。
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Death is natural.
死亡是自然过程。
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Keeping people alive by dehumanizing the mother into the form of an incubator is, in my opinion, unethical and dehumanizing.
在我看来,通过将母亲非人化为孵化器来维持生命,既不道德又丧失人性。』
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First, it's true death is not natural in the sense that God never wanted any of us to die.
首先,从神本不愿人类死亡的角度而言,死亡确实不属自然。
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It's a curse brought about by original sin.
这是原罪带来的诅咒。
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However, death is a natural part of our corrupted nature, and so we should be prepared to welcome death when it is our natural time to die.
但死亡确实是我们堕落本性的一部分,因此当自然寿数将至时,我们应当坦然接受。
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Although in some cases, we are permitted or even required to extend a person's life.
不过在某些情况下,延长生命是被允许甚至必需的。
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For example, we use CPR and other basic medical interventions to extend life in ways we could not have done even 100 years ago.
例如我们使用心肺复苏等基础医疗手段延续生命——这些技术甚至在百年前都不存在。
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We also keep bodies from decomposing for organ donation, and the catechism says, Organ donation after death is a noble and meritorious act and is to be encouraged as an expression of generous solidarity.
我们同样会为器官捐赠而延缓遗体腐坏,《公教会教理》指出:「死后器官捐赠是高尚且有功德的行为,应作为慷慨团结精神的体现予以鼓励。」
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But just because we can extend a person's life doesn't mean that we should.
但能够延长生命并不意味着必须这么做。
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You could keep a person's body from decomposing for a very long time after he has died, but you'd need a good reason to justify this kind of expensive intervention, especially if you claim it is obligatory or that you must do it.
你确实可以在某人死后长期防腐其遗体,但需要充分理由来证明这种昂贵干预的正当性——尤其是当声称此举具有义务性时。
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The catechism says in paragraph 2300 that, The bodies of the dead must be treated with respect and charity, in faith and hope of the resurrection.
《公教会教理》第2300条阐明:「必须怀着对复活的信心与盼望,以尊重和仁爱对待亡者遗体。」
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The burial of the dead is a corporal work of mercy.
埋葬亡者是哀矜的神形哀矜善工之一。
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It honors the children of God who are temples of the Holy Spirit.
这行动尊荣了作为圣灵宫殿的神的儿女们。
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This is why the Catholic Church prohibits the scattering of ashes, though it now allows cremation as long as the ashes are treated with reverence.
这正是公教会禁止抛洒骨灰的原因——尽管如今允许火葬,但要求必须恭敬安置骨灰。
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If Smith or another mother in a similar situation explicitly asked for her body to be kept alive so that her child could be born, we would not consider that disrespectful.
如果史密斯或其他处于类似境况的母亲明确要求维持其躯体存活以使孩子得以出生,我们不会认为这是不敬。
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It would be heroic.
这反而是英雄之举。
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I can't imagine Abby would say that a woman who chooses to do this has somehow disrespected her own body and turned herself into an incubator.She continues, Women are not made to have babies, even if they are dead.
我无法想象艾比会指责做出这种选择的女性是在亵渎自己的身体、将自己降格为孵化器。她接着写道:「女性——即便是已故女性——的存在意义不仅在于生育。」
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Natural death is okay.
自然死亡是可以接受的。
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Life and death are two places in medicine where we have gone too far.
在生命与死亡这两个领域,现代医学已经走得太远。
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We have created too many ways to create life and we have created too many ways to extend life instead of letting people peacefully die.
我们发明了太多创造生命的方式,也开发了太多延长生命的手段,却剥夺了人们安然离世的自由。
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I think what Abby means is that women aren't meant to have babies if they're dead, and that's true in the sense that we aren't meant to do anything when we're dead except to be laid to rest and await the resurrection from the dead.
我认为艾比想表达的是:已故女性本就不该承担生育功能。从『人死后本该入土为安、静候复活』的角度看,这确实成立。
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But as we saw, we can keep bodies from decomposing if we have good reasons for doing that.
但正如前文所述,若有正当理由,我们确实可以延缓遗体腐坏。
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That's why I have no respect for these pro-abortion advocates who clutch their pearls over Smith being kept from decomposing so her baby could live but don't raise a similar fuss at things like the Bodies exhibit, which puts corpses on display for people to gawk at, corpses which were probably executed Chinese political prisoners.
正因如此,我实在无法尊重那些伪善的堕胎支持者——他们为延缓史密斯遗体腐坏以保全胎儿而假意愤怒,却对『人体世界展』这类展览毫无异议。那些展览公然陈列尸体供人猎奇,而展品很可能是被处决的中国政治犯。
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Multiple bishops have also criticized the Bodies exhibit and canceled Catholic school field trips to it.
多位主教也曾谴责『人体世界展』,并叫停公教学校的相关参观活动。
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So pro-aborts don't say anything when bodies are kept from decomposing so people who buy tickets can watch them in baseball poses, but if a pregnant woman's body is kept alive so that her baby won't die, suddenly it's an affront to human dignity.
这些支持堕胎者对售票展览中保持尸体不腐、摆出棒球姿势供人观赏的行为默不作声,却对为保全胎儿生命而维持孕妇躯体存活的做法突然高呼『侮辱人性尊严』。
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This just shows they aren't pro-choice.
这恰恰证明他们并非『支持选择权』,
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They are pro-abortion.
而是彻头彻尾的『支持堕胎』。
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Now, Abby does make a good point that we can become obsessed with keeping people alive even when that's not prudent.
艾比确实指出了一个合理观点:我们可能陷入不顾实际强求延命的迷思。
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The pro-life position is not that every human life must be extended as long as possible.
反堕胎立场的核心并非不惜代价延长所有生命,
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It's simply that it's wrong to directly kill an innocent person.
而是反对直接杀害无辜者——
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Abortion and active euthanasia are two examples of this.
堕胎与积极安乐死正是此类恶行的典型。
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But passive euthanasia, or killing someone by depriving him of basic means of life, is also evil.
但消极安乐死——即通过剥夺基本生存手段致人死亡——同样邪恶。
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In the ancient world, unwanted children were often killed by simply abandoning them in the wilderness, and Christians became famous, or infamous depending on who you would've asked, for rescuing those children.
在古代,人们常将 unwanted children 遗弃荒野任其死亡,而基督徒则因拯救这些孩子闻名(或招致非议,取决于你问谁)。
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Murder is wrong whether it's done through direct means of violence or even indirect means like starvation or dehydrating someone to death, like when Terri Schiavo's husband removed her feeding tube in order to bring about her death.
谋杀之恶不分手段——无论是直接暴力,还是通过断食断水等间接方式,就像特里·夏沃的丈夫为致她死亡而拔除饲管那样。
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This can also be the case if you remove medical interventions like surgery that are necessary to provide someone with their basic needs, like food and water.
若撤除维持基本生存(如饮食)所必需的医疗干预(如手术),同样构成谋杀。
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Consider this article from Time Magazine, written in 1983.
请看《时代》杂志1983年的这篇报道:
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On April 9th, 1982, an infant who became known to the world only as Baby Doe was born in Bloomington, Indiana.
1982年4月9日,一个后来被世人称为'婴儿多伊'的男婴在印第安纳州布卢明顿市出生。
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He had an incomplete esophagus and Down syndrome, which causes moderate to severe mental retardation.
他患有食道闭锁和唐氏综合征(导致中度至重度智力障碍)。
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Thanks to advances in neonatal medicine, surgeons could ensure Baby Doe's survival by attaching his esophagus to his stomach, but nothing could be done to prevent retardation.
当时的新生儿医学已能通过食道-胃吻合手术保住他的性命,但对智力障碍束手无策。
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His parents were confronted with an agonizing dilemma: to assent to an operation that would save the life of a child who could be hopelessly retarded or to allow him to die of starvation.
他的父母面临残酷抉择:是同意手术拯救一个可能终生智障的孩子,还是任其活活饿死?
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Against the wishes of their pediatrician and hospital, they chose the latter.
他们不顾儿科医生和医院的反对,选择了后者。
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The parents' right to this choice was twice challenged in the courts by the hospital and twice upheld.
医院两次通过法律途径质疑父母的选择权,但均被法院驳回。
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On April 15th, Baby Doe died.
1982年4月15日,婴儿多伊死亡。
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Language often becomes taboo when we want to reject the evils embedded in that language.
当我们试图否定某些词汇背后的罪恶时,这些词汇往往成为禁忌。
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So for example, we don't say the N-word because as a society, we wanna move away from evils like slavery and segregation that were associated with calling Black people this word.
例如我们禁用'N开头的种族歧视词汇',因为社会希望摒弃奴隶制、种族隔离等与该词汇相关的罪恶。
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Likewise, we're moving away from the R-word, which isn't as bad since you can still say things like fire retardant, but it's still an insensitive word because that word is associated with violating the dignity of mentally handicapped people.
同理,我们正在淘汰'弱智'这种表述——虽然严重性较低(毕竟还能说'阻燃剂'),但该词因涉及对智障人士尊严的侵犯而显得冷漠。
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In 1984, Baby Doe laws were passed to the 1974 Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act to keep murders like this from happening in the future.
1984年,《婴儿多伊法案》被纳入1974年《儿童虐待防治法案》,以防止此类谋杀重演。
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The case in Georgia we've discussed does involve pro-life issues, but it's more about euthanasia than abortion.
我们讨论的乔治亚州案例确实涉及反堕胎议题,但本质上更关乎安乐死问题。
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But in order to show when the removal of medical care becomes the evil of euthanasia, we need to understand the bioethical concepts of proportionate and disproportionate care.
但要判断何时撤除医疗构成安乐死恶行,必须理解'相称治疗'与'不相称治疗'的生命伦理概念。
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Laypeople sometimes use the terms ordinary and extraordinary care to make this distinction, but this can lead to a misunderstanding.
外行人常用'普通治疗'与'特殊治疗'区分,但这容易造成误解——
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It's not the nature of the care that matters.
关键不在治疗手段的性质本身。
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A ventilator is extraordinary medical intervention.
呼吸机属于特殊医疗干预,
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Most people never need one.
多数人终生无需使用。
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It's extraordinary.
呼吸机确实属于特殊医疗手段。
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But in some cases, turning a ventilator off can be murder, like when you have moral certainty that a patient will be able to breathe on his own in a few days.
但在某些情况下,关闭呼吸机可能构成谋杀——比如当你确信患者数日后就能自主呼吸时。
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Surgery is also extraordinary, but sometimes it is obligatory, as we saw in the Baby Doe case.
外科手术也属特殊治疗,但有时却是必须的,正如婴儿多伊案例所示。
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In contrast, food is an ordinary means of our survival, but people who are suffering from organ failure that will soon lead to death, for many of them, eating will be very painful, and so it's licit to not provide them food when they refuse it.
相比之下,食物虽是普通生存所需,但对器官衰竭濒死的患者而言,进食可能极其痛苦,因此在他们拒绝时停止喂食是合乎伦理的。
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We need to instead ask if the treatment for a patient is proportionate, not whether it's ordinary or extraordinary, but proportionate or disproportionate for their care.
我们应当关注的是治疗对患者是否'相称',而非区分'普通'或'特殊'手段。
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According to the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Healthcare Services, quote, A person may forego extraordinary or disproportionate means of preserving life.
《公教医疗伦理准则》明确指出:「人可以放弃特殊或不相称的维生手段」。
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Disproportionate means are those that in the patient's judgment do not offer a reasonable hope of benefit or entail an excessive burden or impose excessive expense on the family or the community.
所谓不相称手段,是指「根据患者判断无法提供合理获益希望,或给家庭/社会带来过度负担」的治疗。
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If Smith weren't pregnant, then this level of care she was receiving would be disproportionate.
若史密斯未怀孕,她接受的维生治疗确属不相称。
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But if we'd say it would be morally required to give the same level of care to Smith's child after birth for a few months until he was healthy again, then we should provide the same level of care to the same child before birth.
但如果我们认为有必要为出生后的史密斯婴儿提供数月同等治疗直至康复,那么对胎儿也应给予同等救治。
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The presence of Smith's body in the process doesn't burden Smith because she is deceased .though it does add more of an emotional burden to Smith's family.
史密斯遗体的存在不会对她造成负担(因其已去世),但确实加重家属情感压力。
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However, that burden would not justify depriving Smith's child of the treatment he needed so that he could continue to grow and live like any other child in the womb.
然而这种压力不能成为剥夺胎儿生长发育所需治疗的理由。
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So, while I appreciate Abby Johnson's concern about mandating medical treatments at the end of life that are not morally required, in cases like this, our concern to protect unborn children would justify requiring this treatment, unless there was an extreme circumstance to make treatment disproportionate.
因此,虽然我理解艾比·约翰逊对强制实施非必要临终治疗的担忧,但在此类案例中,保护未出生孩子的伦理要求足以支持强制治疗——除非存在极端情况使治疗变得不相称。
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But in general, as I said, if we provide this equipment to temporarily save the life of a born child, then we should do the same for an unborn child.
总体而言,如果我们会对已出生婴儿实施临时抢救,就应以同等标准对待胎儿。
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Finally, some people in the comments of Abby's post said that her bad take on this issue is why men should lead the pro-life movement rather than women.
最后,艾比帖文评论区有人声称,正是这种错误观点证明反堕胎运动应该由男性而非女性领导。
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I also saw similar claims a few months ago, that men should be in public pro-life work and not women, when Samantha Craven was attacked while interviewing a pro-choice woman.
几个月前萨曼莎·克雷文采访一位支持堕胎女性时遇袭,我也看到过类似『反堕胎工作该由男性主导』的论调。
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First, there are plenty of men that have had bad takes on pro-life issues, but that doesn't mean men shouldn't be pro-life activists.
首先,男性反堕胎人士同样会发表错误观点,但这不构成排斥男性参与的理由。
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One of the best pro-life debaters I know is Stephanie Gray Connors, who I'd be happy to have fill in for me if I couldn't do a debate, and who's written several great pro-life books.
我认识最优秀的反堕胎辩手之一斯蒂芬妮·格雷·康纳斯——若我无法参辩会首选她代辩,她还著有多本反堕胎著作。
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Second, it's a bit paranoid to say that women shouldn't ever be allowed to take risks.
其次,禁止女性承担任何风险纯属杞人忧天。
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Many sidewalk counselors at abortion facilities are women, and they know a crazy person might attack them, but they're willing to take that risk to save babies, since many women who go to abortion facilities might be uncomfortable talking to a male sidewalk counselor and prefer to speak to a woman offering help instead.
许多在堕胎诊所外劝导的女性志愿者清楚可能遭遇攻击,但为拯救生命甘愿冒险——毕竟前来堕胎的女性往往更愿接受同性劝导。
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And there's a fairly even split between men and women leading pro-life groups, though most pregnancy centers are run by women because it's a woman-oriented ministry.
反堕胎组织的男女领导者比例其实相当均衡,只是怀孕援助中心因服务性质多以女性运营为主。
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But if you feel like there aren't enough men in the pro-life movement, the answer isn't to ask qualified women to step aside.
若你认为反堕胎运动缺少男性参与,正确做法不是让女性退出,
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It's to encourage the men to go out and do pro-life work.
而是鼓励男性投身其中。
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I felt compelled to do that when I was in my early 20s, which is why I fundraised to be a pro-life missionary, and pro-life men should consider doing the same thing.
我二十出头时便有此觉悟,为此筹款成为反堕胎传教士——当今男性理当效法。
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You may not agree with everything LilaRose does, which is fine, but you can at least respect that she started Live Action when she was 15 years old, and over the course of 23 years, she has grown it into one of the largest pro-life educational organizations in the country.
纵使你未必认同莉拉·罗斯的所有观点,但必须承认她15岁创立'生命行动'组织,23年间将其发展为全美最大的反堕胎教育机构之一。
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And we're seeing fruits of this outreach in things like new research showing a 10-point drop in support for abortion among young people.
最新民调显示年轻人对堕胎的支持率下降10个百分点,正是这类宣导的成果。
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The data also shows that the number of young men who identify as pro-choice has dropped significantly.
数据还表明自认'支持选择权'的年轻男性数量锐减。
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And so I'd be thrilled to see more pro-life men helping and leading campus pro-life groups, or engaging in pro-life activism in their local communities at abortion facilities.
我乐见更多男性参与校园反堕胎团体,或在社区堕胎机构开展行动。
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I'd be happy to partner with them to do things like host a campus debate on abortion, or give away copies of my book, Persuasive Pro-Life, which I'd also recommend for anyone to engage with this issue.
很愿意与他们合作举办校园堕胎议题辩论会,或赠送我的著作《说服式反堕胎》——此书适合所有关注该议题者阅读。
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And if you'd like to learn more about how to address the bioethical issues raised in today's episode, check out the National Catholic Bioethics Center website, and the books On Assisted Suicide by Stephanie Gray Connors, Life Issues Medical Choices by Janet Smith and Chris Kasor, and Catholic Bioethics and the Gift of Life by William May.
若想深入了解本期涉及的生命伦理问题,可参考美国公教生命伦理中心官网,以及斯蒂芬妮·格雷·康纳斯的《论辅助自杀》、珍妮特·史密斯与克里斯·卡索合著的《生命抉择医疗议题》、威廉·梅的《公教生命伦理与生命恩赐》。
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Thank you all so much for watching, and I hope you have a very blessed day.
感谢各位观看,祝你们今日蒙福。