Transcript
0.12-2.72
On Tuesday, President Donald Trump and Vice President J.D.
周二,总统 Donald Trump 和副总统 J.D.。
2.74-17.08
Vance attended a prayer service at the National Cathedral where an Episcopalian female bishop proceeded to lecture them about immigration and people who pretend to be men or women, which makes sense because she is pretending to be an actual priest.
Vance 参加了国家大教堂的一场祈祷礼,期间一位英国圣公会的女性主教开始训斥他们,谈论移民以及那些假装是男或女的人,这也说得通,因为她自己就在假装是一名真正的祭司。
17.52-25.12
Liberals praised her speech even though they'd moan and complain if this were a real priest telling Kamala Harris to remember unborn children.
自由派称赞了她的演讲,可如果说这些话的是真正的祭司,提醒 Kamala Harris 记得未出生的孩子,他们肯定会哀声抱怨。
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But this incident also raises the larger issue of the problem with female priests in general, which is why in today's episode I'll share my favorite argument against the female priesthood.
不过这件事也提出了一个更大的问题:女性祭司本身就有问题,因此在今天这一集里,我会分享我最喜欢的反对女性祭司的论证。
36.60-38.42
But before I do that though, two things.
但在此之前,我要先说两件事。
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First, I am getting sick, so please bear with me and my voice.
第一,我有点生病,请多包涵我的声音。
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And number two, I want to thank the women and men who make the Council of Trent possible, and if you want to help us grow and reach more people and stay sponsor-free, please support us at trenthornpodcast.com.
第二,我要感谢那些让「特伦特慧语」得以运作的女士们和男士们;如果你想帮助我们成长、触及更多人并保持无广告,请到 trenthornpodcast.com 支持我们。
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For as little as $5 a month or $50 a year, you get access to all kinds of bonus content and, even more importantly, you'll make my day.
每月只需 5 美元,或每年 50 美元,你就能获得各种额外内容,更重要的是,你会让我的一天都充满喜悦。
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So go and check that out.
所以快去看看吧。
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Now, I want to say that at the outset, my favorite argument against the female priesthood, it's not the best formal argument or case against the female priesthood or for a male-only priesthood, and it's not the official reason the Church gives for why it reserves the priesthood to men.
首先我要说明,我最喜欢的反对女性祭司的论证并不是对女性祭司或支持只让男性担任祭司的最严谨正式的论证,也不是公教会官方保留祭司职给男性的理由。
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The primary theological reason is that Christ only chose men to be apostles, even though he was countercultural enough to choose women if he desired women to serve the Church in this way.
主要的神学理由是,基督只拣选了男性做使徒;如果祂想让女性以这种方式服事教会,祂完全能够突破当时的文化来拣选女性。
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What this means is that it is not the case that the Church won't ordain women to the priesthood, but that it cannot ordain them to the priesthood.
这就说明,问题不是教会「不愿意」按立女性,而是教会「无法」按立女性成为祭司。
97.66-111.58
Pope Saint John Paul II put it this way in his apostolic letter, Ordinatio Sacerdotalis, I declare that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women and that this judgment is to be definitively held by all the Church's faithful.
圣约翰·保罗二世教宗在他的宗座书信《Ordinatio Sacerdotalis》中这样写道:「我声明,教会绝无任何权柄把祭司圣秩授予女性,而且这一判定必须由全体教友最终持守。」
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But some people aren't moved by this argument from the authority of tradition, so they might cite scripture verses like First Timothy 2:12 which says, I permit no woman to teach or to have authority over men.
不过,有些人并不接受来自圣传权威的论证,于是他们会引用经文,比如提前2:12说:「我不许女人讲道,也不许她辖管男人,」
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She is to keep silent.
「只要沉静。」
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But this isn't a strong argument because critics could say this is a cultural convention of Saint Paul's time, like when he says in First Corinthians 11 about the requirement for women to wear veils.
然而,这并不是一个有力的论点,因为批评者会说这是保罗时代的文化习俗,就像他在林前11章提到女性要蒙头一样。
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Many Christians see nothing wrong with theologically orthodox female seminary professors like Janet Smith or Mary Healy who teach men.
许多基督徒并不觉得像 Janet Smith 或 Mary Healy 这样在神学上正统、却向男性授课的女性神学院教授有什么问题。
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Since the verse doesn't speak about the office of the priesthood specifically, it isn't decisive when it comes to disproving the female priesthood.
因为那节经文并没有直接谈到祭司的职分,所以并不能决定性地否定女性祭司。
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Instead, the argument I often share is more intuitive, and faithful Christians who hear it often say, Yeah, that makes sense.
相反,我常用的论证更直观,许多虔诚的基督徒听完都会说:「对,这说得通。」
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Specifically, it's the by their fruits you shall know them argument.
具体来说,就是「凭着他们的果子就能认出他们」的论证。
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In the Sermon on the Mount, our Lord said the following: Beware of false prophets who come to you in sheep's clothing but inwardly are ravenous wolves.
在山上宝训里,我们的主说:「你们要防备假先知。他们到你们这里来,外面披着羊皮,里面却是残暴的狼。」
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You will know them by their fruits.
「凭着他们的果子,就可以认出他们来。」
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Are grapes gathered from thorns or figs from thistles?
「荆棘上岂能摘葡萄呢?蒺藜里岂能摘无花果呢?」
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So every sound tree bears good fruit, but the bad tree bears evil fruit.
「这样,凡好树都结好果子,惟独坏树结坏果子;」
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A sound tree cannot bear evil fruit nor can a bad tree bear good fruit.
好树不能结坏果子,坏树也不能结好果子。
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Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.
凡不结好果子的树就砍下来丢在火里。
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Thus you will know them by their fruits.
所以凭着他们的果子就可以认出他们来。
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This argument provides strong support for the claim that the movement to ordain women to the priesthood is a movement from a false prophet.
这个论证强有力地支持这样一个主张:按立女性为祭司的运动来自假先知。
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It is not something that God willed for the Church because of the bad fruits that these female priests preach.
因为这些女性「祭司」所宣讲的坏果子,这并不是神为教会所定的旨意。
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I have never, not once found a woman who publicly portrays herself as a priest who also taught that abortion, homosexual acts, and contraception were sinful.
我从来没有遇到过任何一个公开自称为祭司的女性,同时教导堕胎、同性性行为和避孕是罪的。
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Every time, without exception, these women preach all kinds of evils, and it is by those fruits of bad teaching you can know their movement is not of God.
每一次、毫无例外,这些女性都宣扬各种邪恶;从这些坏果子就可以知道,她们的运动不是出于神。
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This is not to say that women are morally inferior to men or anything like that.
这并不是说女性在道德上比男性低。
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Rather, what I am saying is that this particular movement, the teachings that have sprung from it show that it is not of God.
我要说的是,正是这个运动本身,以及由它衍生的教导,显明它不是出于神。
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Mary Daly, a radical feminist theologian said, Women have suffered both mentally and physically from this deity in whose name they have been informed that birth control and abortion are unequivocally wrong, that they must be present as rituals and services in which men have all the leadership roles.
激进女性主义神学家 Mary Daly 说:「女性在身心两方面都受到了这位神的折磨;正是以祂的名义,她们被告知节育和堕胎绝对错误,还被要求出席那些由男人担任所有领导角色的礼仪和崇拜。」
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Now, this argument won't be convincing to someone who thinks contraception and abortion are not evil, but that just means this person has bigger problems to fix.
如果有人认为避孕和堕胎并不邪恶,那这个论证就说服不了他;这只说明他还有更大的问题需要解决。
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However, for someone who just thinks the male priesthood is unfair and they otherwise love Christ and His Church, this argument can help them see the dangers of the movement to ordain women to the priesthood.
然而,对于那些只是觉得男性祭司制度不公平、却爱基督和祂教会的人来说,这个论证能帮助他们看见按立女性祭司运动的危险。
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And it's not hard to find examples of female priests saying theologically and morally bonkers stuff.
要找到女性「祭司」在神学和道德上说疯狂话的例子并不难。
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Here's a few examples brought to you by the Protestia account.
下面是 Protestia 账号整理的几个例子。
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I do not like the concept of Christ the King Sunday, and I really don't want to preach on it, and the reason is that it has traditionally gotten preached as a kind of a triumphalist, victory over all our enemies, militaristic kind of thing.
「我不喜欢『基督普世君王主日』这个概念,我真的不想在这天讲道,因为传统上它被讲成一种凯旋主义、战胜所有敌人的军国主义式的东西。」
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That kind of militaristic bulls*** has absolutely no place in church.
「那种军国主义的狗屁东西在教会里绝对没有立足之地。」
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Creator, You create in Your image and we thank You for creating outside of the binaries.
「创造主,你按你的形象创造,我们感谢你超越二元对立地创造。」
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Cis, trans, male, female, intersex, gender fluid, and non-binary, we are all Your creation.
「顺性别、跨性别、男性、女性、双性、性别流动、非二元——我们都是你的受造物。」
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Creator, we give You thanks for animals that express the multiplicity of genders like earthworms, clown fish, cardinals, butterflies, and frogs.
「创造主,我们感谢你造出展现多元性别的动物,例如蚯蚓、小丑鱼、红衣主教鸟、蝴蝶和青蛙。」
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How even now, even in 2024, there's something controversial about being gay, about being a lesbian, about being pansexual or polyamorous or asexual or any of the other beautiful God-given shades of the rainbow.
「直到现在,甚至到了2024年,成为男同性恋、女同性恋、泛性恋、多伴恋或无性恋,或拥有任何其他神所赐的彩虹般美丽身份,居然仍然会引起争议。」
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We've also tried to encapture, encapsulate Jesus into this one unmovable, unchangeable thing.
「我们也试图把耶稣囚禁起来,封装成一个固定不变的形象。」
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But Jesus didn't come just as full God walking around amongst us.
「但耶稣来到世上,并不只是完全的神在我们中间行走。」
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Jesus came to be fully human.So I look to this scripture not for Jesus' divinity, but for his humanity.
「耶稣来是要成为完全的人。所以我读这段经文时,不是看祂的神性,而是看祂的人性。」
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Reserving the priesthood to men is not a case of bigoted discrimination, like reserving the priesthood only to certain races or applying that rule to religious life.
把祭司职保留给男性并不是一种偏执的歧视,和只让某些种族担任祭司或把该规则应用于奉献生活并不一样。
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When that has happened in isolated instances, the victims of this real discrimination, like Father Augustin Tolentin and Saint Martin de Porres, did not promote evil in response to that injustice.
当真正的歧视偶尔发生时,那些受害者——例如 Father Augustine Tolton 和圣马丁·德·波雷斯——并没有以宣扬邪恶来回应这不公。
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They instead suffered evil as Christ did and remained faithful to the Church in spite of that suffering.
相反,他们像基督一样忍受苦难,尽管受苦仍然忠于教会。
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You can find holy priests of all races, but I have yet to find a holy female priest, one who does not promote grave evils.
各族裔都能找到圣洁的祭司,但我还没找到一个圣洁的女性「祭司」——一个不宣扬重大邪恶的女性「祭司」。
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And when I say female priest, I'm not talking about a woman who merely feels like she could be a good priest.
当我说女性「祭司」时,我不是指那种只是觉得自己能当好祭司的女性。
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When people hear the bad fruit argument, they often quote Saint Therese of Lisieux as an example of female priesthood bearing good fruit.
人们听到「坏果子」的论证时,经常引用里修的圣德肋撒作为女性祭司结出好果子的例子。
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This can be seen in this webpage at womenpriests.org, which quotes Saint Therese as writing the following in her autobiography.
womenpriests.org 的网页就是这样说的,里面引用了圣德肋撒在自传中的文字。
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To be betrothed to you, Jesus, to be a Carmelite, to become, through my union with you, a mother of souls, surely that ought to be enough for anybody, but somehow not for me.
「耶稣,与你订婚,成为嘉尔默罗会修女,并借着与你合一成为灵魂的母亲,这本该足以满足任何人,但对我来说似乎仍不够。」
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I seem to have so many other vocations as well.
「我仿佛还有许多其他圣召。」
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I feel as if I were called to be a fighter, a priest, an apostle, a doctor, a martyr.
我觉得好像被召成为战士、祭司、使徒、医生和殉道者。
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I want to be a priest.
我想成为一名祭司。
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Notice, however, that there are ellipses that show some of the text in the autobiography has been removed.
不过请注意,自传里用省略号标明有些文字被删掉了。
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The missing text reveals Saint Therese's desire was more of a whimsical fondness than a serious calling to the priesthood.
缺失的内容显示,圣德肋撒的愿望更多是一种浪漫的向往,而不是对祭司职的严肃圣召。
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She writes the following.
她这样写道:
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I feel as if I were called to be a fighter, a priest, an apostle, a doctor, a martyr, as if I could never satisfy the needs of my nature without performing, for your sake, every kind of heroic action at once.
「我觉得好像被召成为战士、祭司、使徒、医生、殉道者;若不一次过为你完成各种英雄行为,我的本性似乎就得不到满足。」
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I feel as if I'd got the courage to be a crusader, a pontifical dying on the battlefield in defense of the Church.
「我仿佛有勇气成为十字军,在战场上为保卫教会而死的教宗钦使。」
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And at the same time, I want to be a priest.
「与此同时,我又想当祭司。」
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How lovingly I would carry you in my hands when you came down from heaven at my call.
「当我呼求你、自天降临时,我会多么慈爱地把你捧在手中。」
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How lovingly I'd bestow you on men's souls.
「我又会多么慈爱地把你赐给人的灵魂。」
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And yet, with all this desire to be a priest, I've nothing but admiration and envy for the humility of Saint Francis.
「然而,尽管我渴望当祭司,我对圣方济各的谦卑只有钦佩和羡慕。」
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I would willingly imitate him in refusing the honor of the priesthood.
「我甘愿效法他,拒绝祭司的尊荣。」
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Such contradictions, how can they be reconciled?
「这些矛盾要怎样调和呢?」
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I long to bring light to souls like the prophets and doctors, to go to the ends of the earth to preach your name, to plant your glorious cross, my beloved, on pagan shores.
「我渴望像先知和圣师那样把光带给灵魂,走到地极宣讲你的名,把你那荣耀的十字架——我所爱的——立在异教海岸。」
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One mission field alone would never be enough.
「仅仅一个宣教工场永远不够。」
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All the world, even its remotest islands, must be my mission field.
「全世界,甚至最遥远的海岛,都要成为我的宣教工场。」
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Nor would my mission last a few short years, but from the beginning of the world to the end of time.
「我的使命也不会仅仅持续几年,而是从世界的起初直到时间的终结。」
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Saint Therese was so full of joy in the Lord that she wanted to do everything for God, which is good if you don't literally try to be a crusader, a soldier, a priest, a martyr who dies for Christ, and someone who preaches until Christ returns.
圣德肋撒因主而洋溢喜乐,想为神做一切事;这本是好事,只要你不真的去当十字军、士兵、祭司、为基督殉道的见证人,并且一直讲道直到基督再来。
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I'm talking about women who, unlike Saint Therese of Lisieux, practice disobedience to God, and put on clerical garb to pretend to be priests and preach many other grave errors in the process.
我说的是那些和里修圣德肋撒不同、实际违背神、穿上祭司服装假扮祭司,并在过程中宣讲许多严重谬误的女性。
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There may be exceptions that prove the rule.
或许会有极少数例外能够证明此规则。
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I mean, it's hard to prove a universal negative, but so far all I see is rotten fruit in this movement.
毕竟要证明一项普遍否定很难,但到目前为止,我在这场运动里看到的都是腐烂的果子。
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I also want to take a moment to point out where the by their fruits argument can go wrong.
我也想花点时间指出「凭果子」论证可能出错的地方。
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First, it's sometimes used to say good effects prove a religion or a doctrine is true.
首先,有时人们用它来说:好的结果证明某个宗教或教义是真的。
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Like how some people say the fruits of the Holy Spirit, like love and joy, in people who have not received baptism shows that baptism is not the ordinary means for spiritual regeneration.
比如,有人说那些未受洗者身上也看得到圣灵的果子——如爱和喜乐——因此洗礼就不是灵里重生的常规途径。
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But you can find all kinds of people who seem to have the fruits of the Spirit who become apostates later in life, and there are many non-Christians, like Mormons, that seem to have these fruits as well, but they don't have the Holy Spirit and spiritual regeneration.
然而,你能找到各种似乎结出圣灵果子的人后来却背道,也有很多非基督徒,比如摩门教徒,看起来也有这些果子,但他们并没有圣灵和属灵的重生。
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This argument can also be used sometimes to show that something is false because of its bad effects.
有时人们也用它来论证某事因产生坏结果而是假的。
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Brandon Robertson made this argument in our conversation a few years ago on homosexuality when he said the alleged elevated risk of suicide for people who identify as LGBT is bad fruit, that this proves the alleged bad tree of teaching against certain actions like sodomy.
几年前我与 Brandon Robertson 谈论同性恋时,他就提出这种论证:他说,自认 LGBT 的人自杀率较高是坏果子,这就证明了反对鸡奸等行为的教导是坏树。
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But this argument doesn't take into account other factors that can contribute to things like suicide rates, or the fact that those rates are elevated in even supposedly LGBT-friendly countries and communities.
但此论证没有考虑导致自杀率的其他因素,也没有考虑即使在号称友好 LGBT 的国家和社群中,自杀率仍然偏高这一事实。
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In both of these cases, I would say the by their fruits argument becomes too broad if you are saying that good or bad effect Y proves good or bad teaching X. A better way to use this principle would be to say good or bad teaching Y proves good or bad effect X. One way to interpret Jesus' saying is that you can tell the false prophets from the true prophets by their teachings.
在这两种情况里,如果你主张「结果 Y 的好坏证明教导 X 的好坏」,那「凭果子」的论证就变得过于宽泛。更好的用法是:「教导 Y 的好坏证明结果 X 的好坏」。耶稣这句话的一个理解是:可以凭他们的教导认出真假先知。
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You shouldn't follow someone just because he's charismatic.
不能因为某人魅力十足就跟随他。
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Judge that person by their fruits.
要凭他的果子来判断。
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Judge them by what they actually teach.
要凭他们真正教导的内容来判断。
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The good teaching will reveal if they are a good tree or a good prophet, and the bad teaching will reveal if they are a bad tree or a bad prophet.
良好的教导显明他们是好树或好先知;恶劣的教导则显明他们是坏树或假先知。
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In fact, the movement to ordain women to the priesthood expresses teachings that are so bad they would lead to cutting down the entire tree of the Catholic Church itself, because the Church stands against everything that they believe.
事实上,按立女性祭司的运动所表达的教导坏到足以砍掉整棵公教会之树,因为教会反对她们所信的一切。
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For example, Mary Daly said of the priesthood, I don't think it will be any panacea to go out and ordain women.
举例而言,Mary Daly 谈到祭司职时说:「我不认为按立女性就能成为万能解药。」
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For Daly and similar radical feminist theologians, swapping out women for men as priests doesn't change the patriarchal underpinnings of the God that priests represent as an alter Christus, another Christ.
对 Daly 以及类似的激进女性主义神学家来说,用女性取代男性当祭司并不能改变祭司作为「另一位基督」所代表之神背后的父权结构。
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Look at someone like FatherAnne, a woman who encouraged other women to go on strike during Lent last year to support the cause of ordaining women to the priesthood.
看看 FatherAnne 这样的例子:她是一位女性,去年四旬期期间还鼓励其他女性罢工,以支持按立女性祭司的诉求。
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These women want to be called Father because they're not allowed to have that title, but that implies they aren't good enough to be priests unless they pretend to be men.And for some feminist theologians, even the concept of priests as mediators between God and man is too oppressive.
这些女性想被称作「Father」,因为她们得不到这个头衔;但这暗示除非她们假扮男性,否则就不够资格当祭司。而对某些女性主义神学家来说,甚至把祭司看作神与人之间的中保这一概念都过于压迫。
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This can be seen in a 2021 Commonweal article by Mary Kate Holman entitled Priesthood Reimagined.
这一点可见于 Mary Kate Holman 2021 年在《Commonweal》发表的〈Priesthood Reimagined〉一文。
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Holman notes that while women priests proclaim their resistance to clericalism at every turn, it nonetheless remains a serious challenge for their ministry.
Holman 指出,虽然女性祭司逢人便宣称要反对圣职主义,但这依旧是她们事奉的一大难题。
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If women priests claim an indelible essential transformation, they fall under the clerical power trap they seek to avoid.
如果女性祭司声称自己经历了不可磨灭的本质转化,她们就落入自己想要避免的圣职权力陷阱。
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If they do not claim a transformation, they may lose some of their ordained authenticity.
如果她们不宣称有此转化,她们的受按立真实性又会被质疑。
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And Mary Daly even said of God Himself, There is no way to remove male masculine imagery from God.
Mary Daly 甚至谈到神本身时说:「无法把男性化的形象从神身上除去。」
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Thus, when writing, speaking anthropomorphically of ultimate reality of the divine spark of being, I now choose to write gynomorphically.
「因此,当我以拟人方式谈论终极实在——存在里那神性火花——时,我现在选择以女性形象来写作。」
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I do so because God represents the necrophilia of patriarchy, whereas Goddess affirms the life-loving being of women in nature.
「我之所以这样做,是因为『God』代表父权制的恋尸癖,而『Goddess』肯定女性与自然的爱生存在。」
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If patriarchy is an evil thing that literally subjugates women, then dissenters who want to be female priests are like 19th century women who wanted an equal right with men to own slaves.
如果父权真是彻底压迫女性的邪恶,那些想当女性祭司的异见者就像十九世纪里要求与男人同样拥有奴隶权利的女性。
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The only way they can have the church that they want is to destroy the only church that exists and replace it with a counterfeit, which would basically be like a hippie feminist drum circle instead.
她们要得到理想中的教会,唯一的办法就是摧毁现存唯一的教会,并用一个赝品取而代之——那基本就成了嬉皮女性主义的击鼓圈。
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We can only understand the Church Christ gave us if we abandon the presumption that the Church is egalitarian and democratic.
只有放弃「教会必定平等民主」的先入之见,我们才能真正明白基督赐下的教会。
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It's not.
教会并非如此。
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We have to get over the modern idea that the priesthood is a job or a gig.
我们必须摆脱现代人把祭司职当成职业或兼职的观念。
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It is a vocation that all the laity share in, because we are all called to pray for others and lead them to Christ.
它是一种圣召,所有平信徒都在其中有份,因为我们都被召为他人祈祷并引领他们归向基督。
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That's why Saint Peter said, You are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, God's own people, that you may declare the wonderful deeds of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light.
因此圣彼得说:『惟有你们是被拣选的族类,是有君尊的祭司,是圣洁的国度,是属神的子民,要叫你们宣扬那召你们出黑暗入奇妙光明者的美德。』
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Once you were no people, but now you are God's people.
『你们从前算不得子民,现在却作了神的子民;』
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Once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
『从前未曾蒙怜恤,现在却蒙了怜恤。』
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This echoes Exodus 19, where God says, You shall be my own possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine.
这呼应了出埃及记19章,神说:『你们若实在听从我的话,遵守我的约,就要在万民中作属我的子民,因为全地都是我的。』
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And you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.
『你们要归我作祭司的国度,为圣洁的国民。』
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But among the Israelites, there was a hierarchy, a sacred order, hieros archos, where the ministerial priests served the people, and they in turn followed the high priest.
然而在以色列民中存在着层级制度——神圣的秩序——职务祭司服事百姓,而百姓又跟随大祭司。
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The laity still take part today in the universal priesthood, and they follow Christ, our final high priest, who offers Himself to the Father.
今天,平信徒仍然分享普遍祭司职,并跟随我们的终极大祭司基督,祂把自己献给圣父。
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But they are served, the laity are served by the ministerial priests, who have apostolic authority to offer the one sacrifice of Christ, our high priest, that takes away the sins of the world.
但平信徒是由职务祭司来服事的;这些祭司拥有使徒权柄,奉献那唯一的祭献——我们大祭司基督的祭——除去世人的罪。
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The Church has a sacred order, hieros archos, a hierarchy instituted by God to lead God's people to salvation, and it is God who tells us the fundamental nature of this order, not man.
教会存在神圣的秩序——由神设立的层级体制——引领神的子民走向救恩;而秩序的根本性质是神告诉我们的,不是人定的。
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When we start taking lessons from man, only ruin can be the result.
一旦我们开始向人学习而非向神学习,结局只有毁灭。
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Thank you so much for watching, and I hope you have a very blessed day.
非常感谢你的收看,愿你度过蒙福的一天。