Transcript
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It's ironic that good books about how to get to heaven don't make the New York Times Best Sellers list, but erroneous books about heaven do make that list.
很讽刺的是,那些关于如何得救进天堂的好书上不了《纽约时报》畅销书榜,而一些关于天堂的错误书籍反而能登上榜单。
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The Protestant blogger Tim Chaies calls these heaven tourism books, and there's been a lot of them in recent years, books like 90 Minutes in Heaven, To Heaven and Back, and Heaven is for Real.
新教博客作者 Tim Chaies 称这些为「天堂旅游书」,近年来这类书非常多,比如《90分钟天堂行》、《天堂来回》、《天堂是真的》等等。
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And other books might be called hell tourism books, such as 23 Minutes in Hell, which could have also been about any layover you've had at Newark Airport.
还有一些书可以叫做「地狱旅游书」,比如《地狱23分钟》,这本书的内容说不定也可以用来形容你在纽瓦克机场转机时的经历。
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And in today's episode, we're going to talk about what's wrong with heaven tourism books.
在今天的节目里,我们要聊一聊这些「天堂旅游书」到底存在哪些问题。
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But before we do that, if you like these episodes, please be sure to hit the like button and subscribe in order to get all of our great content.
不过在开始之前,如果你喜欢我们的节目,请记得点赞和订阅,这样就能获取我们所有精彩的内容了。
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So, the main problem with these books is that they devalue heaven.
这些书最大的问题,就是让天堂变得平庸低俗了。
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They take away heaven's majesty and replace it with a human idea that we speculate about instead of treating heaven as a divine gift that we humbly receive and hopefully wait for.
这些书把天堂的尊荣和荣耀拿走了,换成了我们人类自己猜想出来的观念,而不是把天堂看成神赐予我们的恩典,我们应当谦卑地领受、满怀盼望地等候。
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For example, Don Piper describes heaven as having something like pearly gates, and says of the streets, It was like a city with paved streets.
比如 Don Piper 描述的天堂里,有珍珠做成的大门,还说天上的街道就像一座城市里铺好的路一样。
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To my amazement, they had been constructed of literal gold.
让我非常惊讶的是,那些街道竟然真是用金子建造的。
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If you imagine a street paved with gold bricks, that's as close as I can come to describing what lay inside the gate.
如果你能想象一条用金砖铺成的街道,那就差不多是我能形容的大门里面的样子了。
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But when the Bible uses this kind of imagery, it doesn't seem as literal as just gates made of pearls and streets made of literal gold.
但圣经里用这些比喻的时候,似乎并不是单纯地指用珍珠建的大门和真正金子铺成的马路。
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Revelation 21:21 says of the new Jerusalem in heaven, The 12 gates were 12 pearls, each of the gates made of a single pearl, and the street of the city was pure gold, transparent as glass.
启示录21章21节这样描述天上的新耶路撒冷:「十二个门是十二颗珍珠,每门是用一颗珍珠做的。城内的街道是精金,好像明透的玻璃。」
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Notice the gates aren't made of pearls, they just are a pearl.
你可以注意到,那些门并不是用珍珠做的,而本身就是一颗珍珠。
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And the gold is like transparent glass, which is not like the gold that we know in this world.
而那金子像明透的玻璃,这和我们世上所认识的金子完全不同。
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This shows that while the Apostle John was given special knowledge about heaven, he wasn't writing heaven tourism.
这说明虽然使徒约翰得到了关于天堂的特殊启示,他写的却不是所谓的「天堂旅游记」。
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Instead, he was writing a unique genre of literature about what God revealed to him that has multiple layers of interpretation.
实际上,他写的是一种独特的文学体裁,记载了神启示给他的信息,并且有着多重的解读层次。
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That's why I'm skeptical of heaven tourism books that collapse this mystical imagery into mundane, pedestrian descriptions of heaven.
所以我对「天堂旅游书」一直很怀疑,因为它们把这些奥秘的象征弄成了普通、平淡的描述。
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The Bible does use earthly imagery like wedding feasts or golden cities to describe heaven, but the catechism says, This mystery of blessed communion with God and all who are in Christ is beyond all understanding and description.
圣经确实用世上的形象,比如婚宴或金色的城邦,来形容天堂,但教理说:「与神以及所有在基督里的人共享福乐的奥秘,共融的奥秘,是所有人都无法完全明白和描绘的。」
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According to Pope Saint John Paul II, The heaven or happiness in which we will find ourselves is neither an abstraction nor a physical place in the clouds, but a living, personal relationship with the Holy Trinity.
根据圣教宗若望保禄二世的说法:「我们将要进入的天堂或幸福,并不是抽象的观念,也不是云端上的某个物理空间,而是与三位一体的神真实、个人的关系。」
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And that's how you can tell which visions of heaven are more authentic.
也正是通过这一点,我们能分辨哪些天堂异象更接近真实。
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When you read heaven tourism books, they usually focus on details like seeing dead loved ones, or heaven being clouds and harps and golden streets, or things that Jesus tells us instead of the glory of worshiping God face-to-face.
当你读天堂旅游书时,你会发现它们通常关注的是跟去世亲人重逢、天堂有云彩、竖琴、金街这类细节,或者只讲耶稣说了什么,而很少提到能面对面敬拜神的荣耀。
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Compare heaven tourism books to descriptions of heaven from the saints, people like Saint Faustina, who said the following: I saw how all creatures give ceaseless praise and glory to God.
把「天堂旅游书」和圣人们对天堂的描述作比较,比如圣傅天娜,她说:「我看到所有受造物不停地赞美和荣耀神。」
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I saw how great is happiness in God, which spreads to all creatures, making them happy.
「我看见那在神里的幸福何等伟大,这幸福流向所有受造物,让他们都感到喜乐。」
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Saint John Bosco said of his vision of heaven, All was blue as the calmest sea, though what I saw was not water.
圣约翰·鲍思高这样描述他所见的天堂:「一切都像最平静的大海一般蔚蓝,虽然我所见的并不是水。」
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And he heard music most sweet.
他还听见极美妙的乐声。
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He said of people singing, quote, Salvation, honor, and glory to Almighty God and Father.
他说那里的人在歌唱:「救恩、尊贵和荣耀都归于全能的神和圣父。」
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And of course, there's Saint Paul who said in Second Corinthians chapter 12 that he was taken up in some way to heaven, but that, quote, He heard things that cannot be told, which man may not utter.
当然,还有保罗在哥林多后书第12章说,他被提到三层天里,但「听见隐秘的言语,是人不可说的」。
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And while descriptions of heaven from the saints after the giving of the deposit of faith can be helpful, we have to take everything in balance, because none of those private revelations constitute public revelation about heaven that we must accept.
而在信仰宝库交付后,圣人们对天堂的描述虽然可以给我们一些启发,但我们要平衡看待,因为这些私人启示都不是我们必须接受的关于天堂的公共启示。
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But they can help us meditate on the joy of heaven not being what is there, but who is there, simply God and His infinite majesty that never ceases to bring us joy and happiness.
不过,这些描述可以帮助我们思考:天堂的喜乐不在于那里有什么,而在于那里是谁——就是神和祂无限的尊荣,这份荣耀会永远带给我们无尽的喜乐与满足。
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Heaven will not be boring, because just as there are an infinite number of numbers, there is an infinite degree of happiness we can have in heaven with God.
天堂绝不会让人无聊,就像数字无限多一样,我们在天堂里与神同在所能经历的幸福和喜乐也是无穷无尽的。
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Every day will be better than the previous day, just as every number can be greater than the previous number.
在天堂,每一天都会比前一天更美好,正如每一个数字永远都能比前一个更大一样。
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Moreover, boredom is an evolutionary bug in our fallen world.
其实,无聊只是我们堕落世界里的一个进化缺陷。
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It's not a part of God's ultimate design for us.
无聊根本不是神为我们预备的那种美好人生的一部分。
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Human beings that suffered boredom were more likely to seek out better living conditions, and thus survive longer in our history.
人在感到无聊时,更容易去寻找更好的生活条件,因此在历史中更容易存活下来。
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Boredom is like fear and jealousy.
无聊,就像恐惧和嫉妒一样。
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They're imperfect feelings that help us survive in this fallen world, but they're not going to be needed in heaven.
这些都是不完美的情感,能帮助我们在堕落的世界中生存下去,但到天堂就不再需要了。
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We will be perfectly happy and free from those feelings in the next life.
在来生我们会拥有完美的幸福,那些情感都不会再困扰我们。
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So my concern is that heaven tourism books treat heaven more as a cool place for this kind of objection to fester that it's not going to be cool enough to make us happy.
我担忧天堂旅游书让天堂变成一个「酷炫的地方」,让人怀疑天堂「会不会不够酷,不能让我们喜乐」。
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Remember, it's not about what is there, but who is there that matters.
要记住,重要的不是那里有什么,而是那里有谁。
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And I do have another concern that involves how this genre of literature can exploit children.
我还有一个担忧,就是这种类型的书很容易利用、炒作小孩。
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In 2010, Kevin Malarkey published the book The Boy Who Came Back from Heaven, and it was also adapted into a film, about how his six-year-old son Alex claimed to have visions of heaven during a near-death experience that took place after a car accident.
2010年,Kevin Malarkey 出版了《从天堂归来的男孩》这本书,后来还被拍成电影,讲述的是他六岁的儿子 Alex 在一场车祸后濒死时声称见过天堂的经历。
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In Alex's vision, heaven also has a hole that leads to hell, and Alex saw the devil, a being with three heads, moldy teeth, and fire for hair.
在 Alex 的异象里,天堂里还有个通往地狱的洞,他看到魔鬼有三个头、发霉的牙齿、头发像火一样。
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The book was a bestseller, and Alex's father, Kevin, got full rights to the royalties.
这本书一度大卖,Alex 的父亲 Kevin 还完全拥有出版收益。
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Tragically, Alex remained paralyzed after the accident, and he and his mother claim that his father, who is divorced from his mother, didn't give them money from the book sales.
令人心碎的是,Alex 在那场车祸后一直瘫痪,他和母亲声称,父亲(已经与母亲离婚)根本没有把版税的钱给他们。
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What's most heartbreaking, though, is that Alex says he made the story up and that his father embellished what little he did describe.
但最令人难过的是,Alex 后来说,这个故事是他编出来的,父亲还把他简单描述的内容夸大其词。
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In a 2015 blog post, Alex wrote the following: Please forgive the brevity, but because of my limitations, I have to keep this short.
2015年,Alex 在博客上写道:「请原谅我写得很简短,但由于我的身体状况,我只能写简单一点。」
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I did not die.
「我没有死。」
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I did not go to heaven.
「我没有去过天堂。」
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I said I went to heaven because I thought it would get me attention.
「我说我去过天堂,是因为我以为那样会引起别人的注意。」
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When I made the claims that I did, I had never read the Bible.
「我说那些之前,从来没有读过圣经。」
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People have profited from lies and continue to.
「有些人靠着谎言赚了钱,还在继续利用这些谎言牟利。」
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They should read the Bible, which is enough.
「他们应该去读圣经,圣经已经完全够了。」
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In other interviews, Alex revealed that his first encounter with an angel, or what he thought was an angel, was waking up in the hospital where it was dark and he was groggy and saw his father talk to someone he thought was an angel, but was actually a nurse.
在其他采访里,Alex 还说,他第一次「遇见天使」或者说以为遇见了天使,其实不过是醒来后迷迷糊糊地在医院里,看见爸爸和一个他以为是天使的人说话,其实那只是个护士。
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Now, I commend Alex for coming forward, and what happened to him was understandable.
我很佩服 Alex 能坦诚公开出来,他所经历的一切也是可以理解的。
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A six-year-old child whose injuries were described as being an internal decapitation is going to have a hard time processing everything that happened to him, so I do not blame him for the events that transpired, not at all.However, I do blame his father Kevin Malarkey for using the tragedy to exploit his son for money and sell us a bunch of well malarkey.
一个六岁的孩子,伤势严重到医生称为「内部分离」,他肯定很难消化眼前发生的一切,所以我绝不会责怪他。但是,我确实认为他父亲 Kevin Malarkey 把儿子的悲剧拿来赚钱,还卖给我们一堆噱头,这一点非常可耻。
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With all due respect that's a bunch of malarkey.
说实话,那根本就是一派胡言。
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But even when the people involved sincerely believe the account of going to heaven or seeing heaven very young children have a tenuous grasp on earthly realities let alone heavenly realities.
但即使那些当事人真的相信自己曾经上过天堂或见到过天堂,年纪很小的孩子对于现实生活的理解都很有限,更不用说对天堂的了解了。
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You can see this in the book Heaven Is For Real by Todd Burpo which was also adapted into a film.
你可以从 Todd Burpo 写的《天堂真的存在》这本书里看到同样的问题,这本书也被改编成了电影。
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It tells the story of Burpo's four-year-old son Colton who said that he experienced heaven during an emergency surgery after having acute appendicitis.
这本书讲述了 Burpo 四岁的儿子 Colton 急性阑尾炎手术后声称在手术期间去过天堂的故事。
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Colton talks about how he saw his mother and father during the surgery as well as other people Colton allegedly could not have known about like an unborn sister miscarried by his mother or a great-grandfather who had died thirty years before Colton was even born.
Colton 说,他在手术时看到了自己的爸妈,还看到了一些他不可能认识的人,比如妈妈流产的未出生的妹妹,或者早在 Colton 出生前三十年就已经去世的曾祖父。
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Many of the books descriptions of heaven mirror common misconceptions that are shown to children in coloring books and cartoons.
这些书里关于天堂的描述,很多其实和涂色书或者动画片里给小朋友看的误解差不多。
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Things like Colton saying that he saw Jesus riding a rainbow-colored horse.
比如,Colton 说他看到耶稣骑着一匹彩虹色的马。
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I don't blame Colton for thinking this because even many adults have misconceptions about heaven.
我并不怪 Colton 会这样想,因为很多成年人其实同样对天堂有误解。
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For example, Colton says that the people in heaven have wings and they have halos on their heads.
比如,Colton 说天堂里的人都有翅膀、头上还有光环。
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The practice of describing angels this way began in the fourth century to distinguish angels from humans in frescoes and to show how angels can traverse God's creation.
用这种方式描述天使,是从四世纪起为了在壁画中让天使和人类区分开来,以及表现天使能穿梭在神所创造的世界。
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The idea that human beings in heaven have wings probably comes from the common error that human beings become angels when they die.
至于说人死了之后在天堂有翅膀,可能源于一种常见的误解——以为人在死后会变成天使。
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Look daddy teacher says every time a bell rings an angel gets his wings.
「爸爸你看,老师说每当铃声响起,就有一个天使长出了翅膀。」
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That's right.
「没错。」
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That's right.
「没错。」
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In fact some representations of angels only show their face and wings to symbolize that angels don't have physical bodies.
事实上,有些对天使的描绘只画出脸和翅膀,就是为了象征天使没有物质的身体。
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Angels only appear to have bodies when they interact with human beings and they don't have wings when they do that.
天使在与人类互动时才会显得好像有肉体,但那时他们并没有翅膀。
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People even mistake angels for humans which would be hard to do if they had wings as can be seen in Hebrews 13:2 which says Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers for thereby some have entertained angels unawares.
人有时候还会把天使当作普通人,如果天使有翅膀,这种误认就很难发生——希伯来书13章2节说:「不可忘记用爱心接待客旅,因为曾有接待客旅的,不知不觉就接待了天使。」
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Heaven tourism stories also can cause alarm when we invest too much authority into the person telling these tales.
「天堂旅游」这类的故事还有另一个隐患,就是人们太过于相信讲故事的人,赋予他过高的权威。
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For example, Colton said that he learned while he was in heaven that quote There's going to be a war and it's going to destroy this world.
比如 Colton 说他在天堂得知:「这世上将要爆发一场战争,会把整个世界毁灭。」
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Jesus and the angels and the good people are going to fight against Satan and the monsters and the bad people.
耶稣、天使和好人会和撒但、怪物以及坏人作战。
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I saw it.
「我亲眼看见了。」
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Colton also said this war would happen soon because he saw his own father fighting in it.
Colton 还说这场战争很快就会发生,因为他看到自己的爸爸也在参战。
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These kinds of stories take our focus off of heaven and onto the seer or the visionary or the returning visitor and it can tempt us to wanna just follow these lurid details he tells.
这些故事让我们关注的焦点不再是天堂本身,而变成去关注那个「见过天堂」的人,让我们只想听他描述的那些细节。
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Its kinda the reverse con-my concern in the previous episode I did called It's Not Always Demons where excessive curiosity about hell and demons can lead us away from pursuing holiness and into an unhealthy fixation on knowledge about the dark part of the afterlife that God never meant us to have.
这其实和我上期节目《不一定都是鬼怪》中的担忧正好相反——我们对地狱和鬼怪过度好奇,会让我们偏离追求圣洁,反而执着于神本来没让我们知道的黑暗领域;而这类天堂故事则让我们执着于故事讲述者的内容,转移了对天堂本身的注意力。
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So lets pull all this together.
所以我们来总结一下。
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Hell is real.
地狱是真实的。
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Heaven is real and God may allow some people to have visions of these realities without necessarily taking them there and those visions may be given in accord to the persons understanding and not meant for the rest of us to take it literally especially if the vision is given to a small child.
天堂也是真实的,神有时可能允许某些人看见这些事实的一些异象,但不一定真的带他们去了那里,而且这些异象往往是根据个人的理解所赐的,并不意味着我们其他人就都要照字面来接受,尤其是当异象出现在年幼的孩子身上时。
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The most popular depictions of heaven on the New York Times bestseller list are probably the last place you should go to get information about heaven.
在《纽约时报》畅销书榜上最火的那些天堂描写,恐怕正是你最不该用来获得关于天堂信息的地方。
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The Bible and the Catechism of the Catholic Church are a great place to start.
《圣经》和《公教会教理》才是我们了解天堂的好起点。
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The latter of which says the following Heaven simply is the ultimate end and fulfillment of the deepest human longings, the state of supreme definitive happiness.
《公教会教理》里这样说:「天堂就是人类内心最深刻渴望的终极归宿和满足,是最高、完全的幸福状态。」
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For more about heaven I recommend Peter Kreeft's book Heaven: The Heart's Deepest Longing.
如果想更深入了解天堂,我推荐 Peter Kreeft 的《Heaven: The Heart's Deepest Longing》。
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Thank you so much for watching and I hope you have a very blessed day.
非常感谢大家收看,愿你们今天都蒙福!