- start: 15.841
  end: 27.068
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And you've probably heard of this idea of a secret rapture, especially if you live in an American context, but I think it's become more well-known around the world in our day and time.
  zh: 你可能听说过这个秘密被提的概念，特别是如果你生活在美国的环境中，但我认为在当今世界，这个概念已经变得更加广为人知。
- start: 27.068
  end: 40.615
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So when people talk about the rapture, this is the only passage in the New Testament that people will use and appeal to in order to substantiate that doctrine.
  zh: 所以当人们谈论被提时，这是新约圣经中唯一被用来支持这个教义的经文。
- start: 40.615
  end: 42.757
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: But it's definitely the locus classicus.
  zh: 但这确实是最经典的依据。
- start: 42.757
  end: 50.243
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: I mean, this is the classic text because it actually uses the language of a rapture or being caught up, right, in the clouds.
  zh: 我的意思是，这是经典经文，因为它实际上使用了被提或被接到云里的说法。
- start: 50.243
  end: 61.511
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'So let''s read the words of Paul with that in mind, and we''ll ask ourselves: Is Paul describing here a rapture, a secret rapture, or is he talking about something else?'
  zh: 让我们带着这个想法来读保罗的话，并问问自己：保罗在这里描述的是被提、是秘密被提，还是在讲述其他事情？
- start: 61.712
  end: 63.573
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And as you'll see, the answer is something else.
  zh: 你会看到，答案是其他事情。
- start: 63.573
  end: 70.335
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: But I want you to walk with me through the verses so that we can see in context exactly what that something else is.
  zh: 但我想请你和我一起查考这些经文，这样我们就能在上下文中准确地看到那究竟是什么。
- start: 70.455
  end: 81.4
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'So in 1 Thessalonians 4:13, we read this: But we would not have you ignorant, brethren, concerning those who are asleep, that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope.'
  zh: 在帖撒罗尼迦前书四章十三节，我们读到：「论到睡了的人，我们不愿意弟兄们不知道，恐怕你们忧伤，像那些没有指望的人一样。」
- start: 81.5
  end: 90.704
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.
  zh: 「我们若信耶稣死而复活了，那已经在耶稣里睡了的人，神也必将他与耶稣一同带来。」
- start: 91.044
  end: 95.345
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: For this we declare to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord will not precede those who have fallen asleep.
  zh: 「我们现在照主的话告诉你们一件事：我们这活着还存留到主降临的人，断不能在那已经睡了的人之先。」
- start: 95.345
  end: 95.345
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the archangel's call, and with the sound of the trumpet of God.
  zh: 「因为主必亲自从天降临，有呼叫的声音和天使长的声音，又有神的号吹响。」
- start: 95.345
  end: 96.225
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And the dead in Christ will rise first; then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air; and so we shall always be with the Lord.
  zh: 「那在基督里死了的人必先复活。以后我们这活着还存留的人必和他们一同被提到云里，在空中与主相遇。这样，我们就要和主永远同在。」
- start: 96.225
  end: 127.034
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Therefore, comfort one another with these words.
  zh: 「所以，你们当用这些话彼此劝慰。」
- start: 127.334
  end: 128.014
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Pause there.
  zh: 让我们在这里停一下。
- start: 128.014
  end: 134.957
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: The first thing I need to do is let's just get the rapture nonsense off the table here so we can actually look at what Paul is trying to say.
  zh: 首先我们需要把这个被提的谬论放在一边，这样我们才能真正看清保罗想要表达的意思。
- start: 134.977
  end: 147.722
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So what makes some interpreters think Paul is talking about a secret rapture of Christ is verse 17, there, when he says that we will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air.
  zh: 一些解经者之所以认为保罗在谈论秘密被提，是因为第十七节说到我们要一同被提到云里，在空中与主相遇。
- start: 147.723
  end: 156.074
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Now, it's fascinating here that this fostering tradition of a rapture is actually based on a Latin translation of Paul's word here.
  zh: 有趣的是，这个被提的传统实际上是基于保罗这段话的拉丁文翻译。
- start: 156.074
  end: 163.678
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So in the Latin Vulgate translation of 1 Thessalonians 4, the word for caught up is rapiemur, right?
  zh: 在武加大译本帖撒罗尼迦前书第四章中，「被提」这个词用的是rapiemur，对吧？
- start: 163.678
  end: 167.019
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: To be caught up together in the clouds.
  zh: 被一同提到云里。
- start: 167.019
  end: 176.023
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And so that word becomes the root for the rapture, the catching up, the gathering up of the true believers in Christ.
  zh: 这个词就成了「被提」的词源，指真信徒被提上去、被聚集到基督那里。
- start: 176.303
  end: 206.896
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'And in Protestant dispensationalism, and American Protestant dispensationalism especially since the late 19th and early 20th century, the idea of the rapture is basically this: that before the great tribulation breaks out at the end of time, before this period of suffering that will precede the final judgment takes place, there is going to be a secret catching up, a secret rapture of true believers so that they will disappear from the earth and they won''t have to suffer through that time of tribulation.'
  zh: 在时代论，特别是从十九世纪末二十世纪初以来的美国新教时代论中，被提的概念基本上是这样的：在末世大灾难爆发之前，在最后审判来临之前的苦难时期，将会有一次真信徒的秘密被提，使他们从地上消失，不必经历那段灾难时期。
- start: 206.896
  end: 213.621
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: They'll be raptured, and those who are left behind in the world will suffer, experience the tribulation.
  zh: 他们会被提走，而那些留在世上的人将会受苦，经历灾难。
- start: 213.621
  end: 221.566
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Some will convert, some won't, and then finally Christ will return at his second coming and will judge the living and the dead.
  zh: 有些人会悔改信主，有些人不会，最后基督会在他第二次降临时来审判活人和死人。
- start: 222.026
  end: 228.33
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Now, this novel idea has no basis in the text.
  zh: 这种新颖的观点在经文中是没有根据的。
- start: 228.86
  end: 239.33
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: It's a perfect example of proof texting, of taking one word out of context, one idea out of context, and making a false interpretation on its basis.
  zh: 这是断章取义的典型例子，就是把一个词或一个概念脱离上下文，然后据此作出错误的解释。
- start: 239.33
  end: 251.161
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: But if you look at the passage here carefully, you'll see that Paul is not talking about a secret rapture; he's talking about a public parousia.
  zh: 但如果仔细查看这段经文，你会发现保罗说的不是什么秘密被提，而是在讲公开的主再来。
- start: 251.161
  end: 263.331
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: He's not talking about a secret gathering up of the elect; he's talking about the public second coming of Jesus at the end of time that will coincide with the resurrection of the dead.
  zh: 他说的不是选民的秘密聚集，而是在讲末世时耶稣公开的再来，那时将与死人复活同时发生。
- start: 263.331
  end: 268.398
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And you can see that if you just read through the text and put it in context.
  zh: 只要你通读经文并把它放在上下文中，就能看出这一点。
- start: 268.398
  end: 271.854
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Let's just work through it verse by verse, and we'll see what I'm talking about.
  zh: 让我们逐节查考，就会明白我在说什么。
- start: 271.854
  end: 276.997
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So if you go back to verse 13, I'll just start with 17. Read the whole thing.
  zh: 让我们回到第十三节，我从第十七节开始读完整段。
- start: 276.997
  end: 278.578
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: It begins with Paul saying, Okay, pause.
  zh: 这段开始于保罗说的，好，让我们停一下。
- start: 278.578
  end: 279.598
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: What's the context there?
  zh: 这里的上下文是什么？
- start: 279.598
  end: 295.371
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Well, in ancient Judaism, in Scripture, and in the New Testament, to sleep was a metaphor for death, right?
  zh: 在古代犹太教、圣经和新约中，睡了是死亡的比喻，对吧？
- start: 295.592
  end: 298.715
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So in our day and time, people will use other euphemisms for death.
  zh: 在我们这个时代，人们会用其他委婉语来说死亡。
- start: 298.715
  end: 302.379
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: You've probably heard people say, Oh, he passed, right?
  zh: 你可能听过人们说，噢，他走了，对吧？
- start: 302.379
  end: 303.64
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Or he passed away.
  zh: 或者说他离世了。
- start: 303.64
  end: 308.785
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Well, that's a kind of gentle, kind way of saying that someone died, right?
  zh: 这是一种温和、善意地表达某人去世的方式，对吧？
- start: 308.845
  end: 313.75
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So it's a euphemism describing somebody's going away rather than dying.
  zh: 这是一种委婉语，用离开而不是死亡来描述。
- start: 314.682
  end: 318.667
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So in the first century A.D., they would use the euphemism of sleep.
  zh: 所以在公元一世纪，他们会用睡了这个委婉语。
- start: 318.667
  end: 322.471
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So someone fell asleep was a way of describing the fact that they had died.
  zh: 所以说某人睡了就是在描述他们已经死了这个事实。
- start: 322.471
  end: 328.218
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So what's going on is that in the Church of Thessalonica, some people have fallen asleep; they've died.
  zh: 所以在帖撒罗尼迦教会发生的事情是，有些人睡了，就是死了。
- start: 328.499
  end: 348.905
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And the Christians in that congregation, who are converts from paganism, many of whom don't have any solid beliefs or ideas about the afterlife, right, have lost hope because they assume that if you die before the second coming, then you won't actually be able to share in the resurrection.
  zh: 那个教会中的基督徒，他们是从异教徒归信的，很多人对来世没有确切的信念或概念，他们失去了盼望，因为他们以为如果在主再来之前死了，就不能分享复活的盼望了。
- start: 348.905
  end: 357.911
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So they were grieving over the dead, thinking that they would not be saved simply because they died too soon before the second coming of Christ.
  zh: 所以他们为死者悲伤，认为仅仅因为这些人在基督再来之前过早死去，就不能得救了。
- start: 357.987
  end: 359.608
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So Paul is saying, Look, no, no, no, no!
  zh: 所以保罗说，听着，不是这样的！
- start: 359.608
  end: 364.371
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: I don't want you to grieve like the pagans who have no hope, right?
  zh: 我不愿你们像那些没有指望的外邦人一样忧伤，对吧？
- start: 364.371
  end: 369.574
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Don't grieve over those who have fallen asleep because we believe, right?
  zh: 不要为那些睡了的人忧伤，因为我们是信的人，对吧？
- start: 369.574
  end: 380.188
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'So he''s going to give them the faith: We believe that Jesus died and rose again, and even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.'
  zh: 所以他要给他们信心：我们信耶稣死而复活了，照样，神也必将那些在耶稣里睡了的人与他一同带来。
- start: 380.188
  end: 388.714
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: In other words, what Paul is saying is those who have died, if they died in Christ, are actually going to come; they're going to return to us.
  zh: 换句话说，保罗是在说那些死了的人，如果是在基督里死的，实际上是要来的；他们要回到我们这里。
- start: 388.734
  end: 394.298
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: They're going to come with Jesus when he returns at his second coming.
  zh: 当耶稣再来的时候，他们要与耶稣一同来。
- start: 394.298
  end: 397.66
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: He's going to bring them with him, so they're not lost.
  zh: 他要把他们带来，所以他们并没有失丧。
- start: 397.66
  end: 401.657
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: They are with Christ, and then he goes on to explain.
  zh: 他们是与基督同在的，然后他继续解释。
- start: 401.657
  end: 404.74
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: He continues, For this we declare to you by the word of the Lord.
  zh: 他接着说，我们现在照主的话告诉你们。
- start: 404.74
  end: 415.727
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So this is like a solemn declaration of divine revelation that we who are alive and who are left until the coming of the Lord—highlight that; so important!
  zh: 这是一个庄严的神圣启示宣告，说到我们这活着还存留到主降临的人——要特别注意这点，非常重要！
- start: 415.727
  end: 418.669
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: The Greek word there for coming is parousia.
  zh: 这里「降临」的希腊文是parousia。
- start: 418.949
  end: 427.855
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: It is the standard word used by Jesus himself in the Gospels, but also by Paul, to talk about the second coming of Christ.
  zh: 这是耶稣自己在福音书中使用的标准用语，保罗也用这个词来谈论基督的再来。
- start: 428.232
  end: 434.336
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: It literally means presence, but it means he's going to return; he's going to be with us, present with us again.
  zh: 这个词字面意思是同在，但它的意思是他要回来；他要再次与我们同在，与我们在一起。
- start: 434.397
  end: 445.965
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So he says, I'm telling you solemnly that those of us who are alive and who are left until the parousia, the second coming of Christ, are not going to precede those who have fallen asleep.
  zh: 所以他郑重地说，我们这活着还存留到主再来（parousia）的人，断不能在那已经睡了的人之先。
- start: 445.965
  end: 450.548
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: In other words, we're not going to have it any better off than those who have died, right?
  zh: 换句话说，我们不会比那些已经死了的人有什么优势，对吧？
- start: 450.865
  end: 461.533
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Because in verse 16, The Lord himself, this is Christ, will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the archangel's call, and with the sound of the trumpet of God.
  zh: 因为在第十六节说，主自己，就是基督，必亲自从天降临，有呼叫的声音和天使长的声音，又有神的号吹响。
- start: 461.533
  end: 463.915
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So he's describing the parousia of Jesus.
  zh: 所以他在描述耶稣的降临。
- start: 463.915
  end: 466.657
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'And notice here: does this sound like a secret rapture?'
  zh: 请注意：这听起来像是秘密被提吗？
- start: 467.014
  end: 472.879
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: We've got the archangel's call, the cry of command, and the trumpet of God.
  zh: 这里有天使长的声音，有呼叫的声音，还有神的号声。
- start: 472.879
  end: 481.947
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: This is not like you'll see in those rapture movies where they're flying on an airplane and all of a sudden, you know, half the airplane quietly just disappears because they've been raptured.
  zh: 这跟你在那些被提电影里看到的不一样，在电影里人们坐在飞机上，突然间飞机上一半的人悄无声息地消失了，因为他们被提了。
- start: 483.428
  end: 489.153
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: The rapture doctrine proposes a secret coming of Jesus to gather his true believers.
  zh: 被提理论主张耶稣会秘密降临来聚集他的真信徒。
- start: 489.174
  end: 498.042
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: What Paul is talking about here is a public coming of Jesus at the end of time that coincides with the resurrection of the dead, right?
  zh: 保罗在这里讲的是耶稣在末时公开的降临，这与死人复活同时发生，对吧？
- start: 498.042
  end: 501.323
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Not the tribulation, but the resurrection of the dead.
  zh: 不是大灾难，而是死人复活。
- start: 501.524
  end: 509.427
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And he's saying when that happens, those who are dead in Christ, in other words, the believers who have died, they will rise first.
  zh: 他说当这事发生时，那在基督里死了的人，也就是那些已经死去的信徒，必先复活。
- start: 509.967
  end: 515.289
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So they're not going to actually lose out; they're actually going to be, in a sense, ahead of us.
  zh: 所以他们实际上不会失去什么；从某种意义上说，他们反而走在我们前面。
- start: 516.01
  end: 528.587
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: They will rise first, and then we who are alive, who are left, shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air.
  zh: 他们要先复活，然后我们这活着还存留的人必和他们一同被提到云里，在空中与主相遇。
- start: 528.607
  end: 531.268
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'So pause here: what is Paul getting at?'
  zh: 让我们在这里停一下：保罗想表达什么？
- start: 531.268
  end: 543.073
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: The whole driving force behind his words here is the anxiety of the Thessalonians over whether their dead brothers and sisters in Christ are going to lose their share in salvation; they're going to lose their share in the resurrection.
  zh: 他说这些话的主要原因是帖撒罗尼迦人担心他们在基督里已死的弟兄姐妹会失去他们在救恩中的份，失去复活的份。
- start: 543.073
  end: 557.542
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'And Paul''s saying, No, they won''t. Because here''s what''s going to happen: when Christ comes back, the dead in Christ will rise first, and then we will be gathered with them to meet Christ in the air.'
  zh: 保罗说，不，他们不会失去。因为事情是这样的：当基督再来时，在基督里死了的人必先复活，然后我们要和他们一同被聚集，在空中与基督相遇。
- start: 557.582
  end: 566.904
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So you can imagine it's Christ coming down from heaven with the saints, and then the saints on earth being caught up to meet Christ and his saints together.
  zh: 你可以想象基督与众圣徒从天降临，然后地上的圣徒被提上去与基督和他的圣徒相会。
- start: 566.904
  end: 575.585
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So it's like a grand engathering of all the elect of God, both the dead and the living, that will take place at the end of time.
  zh: 所以这就像是在末时所有神的选民，无论是死的还是活的，的一次盛大聚集。
- start: 575.585
  end: 585.73
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And the reason you know it's the end of time and not this secret rapture, which the Bible never talks about, is that Paul himself says the dead in Christ will what?
  zh: 你知道这是末时而不是圣经从未提到的秘密被提的原因是，保罗自己说在基督里死了的人要怎样？
- start: 585.791
  end: 587.571
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Rise first.
  zh: 必先复活。
- start: 588.351
  end: 594.112
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'So he''s talking about two events: the second coming and the resurrection of the dead.'
  zh: 所以他在谈论两个事件：主的再来和死人复活。
- start: 594.672
  end: 607.715
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: He's not talking about a secret coming and the disappearance of true believers; he's talking about the final coming and the resurrection of all the dead in Christ.
  zh: 他说的不是秘密降临和真信徒的消失；他说的是最后的降临和所有在基督里死了的人的复活。
- start: 607.731
  end: 610.272
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And he says, So we shall always be with the Lord.
  zh: 他说，这样，我们就要和主永远同在。
- start: 610.272
  end: 614.992
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Therefore, comfort one another with these words.
  zh: 所以，你们当用这些话彼此劝慰。
- start: 615.173
  end: 626.855
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So the point of Paul's exhortation here, the point of Paul's eschatology, is to give the Thessalonians comfort in the face of death.
  zh: 所以保罗在这里劝勉的重点，他末世论的重点，是要在面对死亡时给帖撒罗尼迦人安慰。
- start: 627.495
  end: 631.956
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: And this is easy to understand if you look at the prophecies of Jesus in the Gospels.
  zh: 如果你看福音书中耶稣的预言，这是很容易理解的。
- start: 632.006
  end: 639.45
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: 'You can walk away from those prophecies; he''s very clear: you don''t know when the second coming is going to take place, so get ready, right?'
  zh: 你可以从这些预言中得出结论；他说得很清楚：你们不知道主再来的时候，所以要预备好，对吧？
- start: 639.911
  end: 641.692
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: It's near; it's coming soon.
  zh: 是近的；快要来了。
- start: 641.692
  end: 644.153
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: You'll see in the book of Revelation how soon?
  zh: 你在启示录中会看到多快呢？
- start: 644.153
  end: 645.754
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: That remains a mystery.
  zh: 这仍然是个奥秘。
- start: 645.754
  end: 659.545
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So in the first generation of the Church, there was this expectation, as we'll see when we come to 1 Thessalonians 5, that because we don't know the day or hour, Christ could come at any moment, and therefore he could come soon.
  zh: 所以在教会的第一代信徒中，正如我们将在帖撒罗尼迦前书第五章看到的，因为我们不知道日子和时辰，基督可能随时来到，因此他可能很快就来。
- start: 659.545
  end: 671.107
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: So with that imminent expectation, when the first generation of Christians began to die, there were some people who were troubled by that and thought, Wait, something's wrong here; something's going amiss.
  zh: 所以带着这种迫在眉睫的期待，当第一代基督徒开始去世时，有些人因此感到困扰，想着：等等，这里有什么不对；好像出了问题。
- start: 671.187
  end: 672.328
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: What's going to happen to them?
  zh: 他们会怎么样？
- start: 672.328
  end: 674.148
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: What will be the fate of the dead?
  zh: 死去的人会有什么结局？
- start: 674.148
  end: 685.806
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: That was something that had to be clarified by apostles like Paul, who said the dead who are with Christ, who are in Christ and with him, will rise again, and we will be gathered together.
  zh: 这是需要像保罗这样的使徒来澄清的事，他说那些与基督同在的，在基督里的死人必要复活，我们都要被聚集在一起。
- start: 685.806
  end: 688.427
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: They're not going to miss out on salvation.
  zh: 他们不会失去救恩。
- start: 688.988
  end: 702.033
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Now, what's fascinating to me about this passage is if you want a framework for understanding Paul's description of the parousia here, you should actually, surprise surprise, go back to the Old Testament.
  zh: 现在，我觉得这段经文有趣的是，如果你想要一个理解保罗在这里描述主再来的框架，你其实应该，令人惊讶的是，回到旧约。
- start: 702.573
  end: 723.557
  speaker: SPEAKER_00
  en: Because if you look in the book of Exodus, chapter 19, verses 16 through 20, Paul seems to actually be getting some of the images that he uses to describe the second coming from the account of God coming down from heaven on Mount Sinai in the book of Exodus, chapter 19. So I'll just give you a few of the parallels here; you can read it for yourself.
  zh: 因为如果你看出埃及记第十九章十六至二十节，保罗似乎是从出埃及记第十九章神降临在西奈山的记载中，借用了一些意象来描述主的再来。让我给你指出一些这里的对应之处，你可以自己去读。
