今天我们要讲什么？ What are we going to talk about today?
有人知道吗？ Does anybody know?
我想我上次来的时候可能提到过。 I think I might have mentioned it last time I was here.
今天我们要讲什么？ What are we talking about today?
马利亚教义。 Marian dogmas.
好，这里谁能告诉我？ Okay, who here can tell me?
什么是教义？ What is a dogma?
这是教会无误持守的教导，是教会无误持守的教导，然后呢？ It's a teaching that is held infallibly by the Church, a teaching that is held infallibly by the Church, and?
而且是必须要相信的。 And is necessary to be believed if and where.
好，很好。 Okay, very good.
还有谁想补充一下什么是教义？ Would anybody else like to add to that as to what a dogma is?
还有人吗？ Anybody else?
Jackie给我点头认可了。 Jackie gave me the approval.
很好，很好，完美。 Very good, very good, perfect.
所以，教义很简单。 So, dogmas are simple.
教义就是这样：教义是神所启示的任何事情，是神向人类启示的任何关于信心的真理。 A dogma is this: a dogma is anything that is divinely revealed by God, any truth about the faith that God revealed to mankind.
任何事情，不管是什么，如果是从神而来的启示，那就是教义。 Anything, whatever it is, if it is divinely revealed, it is a dogma.
教义是为了跟随神必须相信的信条，因为如果神特意向人类启示，那就意味着他要你相信。 A dogma is an article of faith that must be believed in order to follow God, because if God actually went out of His way to reveal it to mankind, that means that He intends for you to believe it.
如果神要你相信，而你想跟随神，那么你就必须相信他所启示的一切。 And if God intends for you to believe it and you want to follow God, then you must believe whatever He revealed.
如果是神启示的，你就要相信。 If God reveals it, you believe it.
如果你拒绝它，如果你拒绝它，你实际上是在拒绝神。 And if you reject it, if you reject it, you are actually rejecting God.
这就是为什么教义如此重要。 So that's why dogma is so important.
这就是为什么相信教会的教导如此重要，因为教会的教导是神藉着 他的儿子耶稣基督启示的，传给使徒们，使徒们又传给全世界。 That's why it's so important to believe the teachings of the Church, because the teachings of the Church are teachings that were revealed by God in His Son, Jesus Christ, that were given to the Apostles, and the Apostles gave it to the entire world.
所以如果你拒绝任何教义，任何启示的真理，任 何从神而来的启示真理，你实际上是在拒绝神。 So if you reject any dogma, any revealed truth, any divinely revealed truth, you are actually rejecting God.
这就是为什么必须相信教义，因为如果神对你说了，如果神向 你启示了，而你说，不，我不相信，你就是在说神是说谎的。 So that's why dogmas must be believed, because if God said it to you, if God revealed it to you, and you say, Nope, I don't believe that, you are now calling God a liar.
我们不能说神是说谎的，因为神是真理的神，神就是真理本身。 And we don't want to call God a liar, because God is the God of truth; God is truth itself.
所以如果是神启示的，你知道我们有责任相信。 So if God revealed it, you know that we have an obligation to believe it.
这就是教义的含义。 That's what a dogma is.
现在，神向教会启示了许多教义，其中有一些教义已经被明确地界定了。 Now, there are many dogmas that God has revealed to the Church, and there are particular dogmas that have been defined—definitively.
这说法有点重复，对吧？ That's redundant, right?
明确界定——就是被神的教会，也就是公教会正式界定了。 Definitively defined—that have been formally defined by God's Church, which is the Catholic Church.
在教会两千年的历史中，有一些特定的教义已经被界定了。 There are particular dogmas that have been defined over the last 2,000 years of Church history.
那么，教会是如何正式界定教义的呢？ Now, how does the Church formally define dogmas?
当我说界定教义时，我的意思是神向我们启示了 一些事情，而教会为这些启示下定义，对吧？ And when I say define a dogma, what I mean by that is that there are things that God divinely revealed to us, and the Church, when it gives definitions to these revelations, right?
教会界定这些启示，就是设定准则，明确你需要相信什么，以确保你确实相信这些教义。 The Church defines these revelations; it is setting the parameters as to exactly what you have to believe in order to know that you actually do believe these dogmas.
那么教会是怎么做的呢？ So how does the Church do that?
教会用两种方式来做：一种是普通方式，一种是特殊方式。 Well, the Church does it in two ways: in an ordinary way and in an extraordinary way.
通常情况下，世界各地的主教都在教导他们当地的教会。 Ordinarily, all of the bishops of the world teach their local churches.
主教们教导着他们在全世界共同持有的所有教导，这意味着这些是普世性的教导。 The bishops teach all of the teachings of bishops that they have in common all throughout the entire world, meaning that they are universal teachings.
所有主教在其普通教导职责中共同持守的这些普 世教导，都是不可拒绝的无误的、确定的教导。 Those universal teachings that are held in common by all of the bishops in their ordinary teaching capacity, those teachings are infallible, definitive teachings that you cannot reject.
这些是普通形式下普世训导权的教导。 These are the teachings of the universal Magisterium in the ordinary form.
在特殊形式下，这些主教们会实际聚集在一起，召开我们所说的大公会议。 Now, in the extraordinary form, these bishops will actually come together; they will convene in what we call ecumenical councils.
当这些来自世界各地的主教聚集在一起时，他们共同正式教导并宣告信仰宝库中的内容。 And when these bishops come together, and it's bishops from all over the world, they come together to formally teach and make pronouncements about what is in the deposit of faith.
现在，我们需要非常清楚地明白：神向人类启示的一切，向他的教会启示的一切 ，都是一次性通过他的儿子耶稣基督启示的，而耶稣基督又将这些启示给使徒。 Now, we need to get something very, very clear: everything that God revealed to mankind, everything that God revealed to His Church, He revealed it all at one time in His Son, Jesus Christ, and Jesus Christ revealed it to the Apostles.
所以基督教信仰中所有教义性的内容，都是耶稣传给使徒的，然后使徒又传下来。 So everything that is dogmatic about the Christian religion, Jesus gave to the Apostles, and the Apostles handed it down.
使徒的继承者，也就是主教们，代代相传。 The successors of the Apostles, who are the bishops, handed it down from generation to generation.
每当教会需要正式界定这些教义时，通常是为了回应教会内部的异端运动。 And whenever the Church has to formally define these dogmas, it is usually in response to movements within the Church that are heterodox.
什么是异端呢？ What does heterodox mean?
请说。 Go ahead.
错误的教导、错误的思想，或错误的信仰。 Wrong teaching, wrong thinking, or wrong belief.
如果教会内出现异端信仰，教会通常就要采取行动说：「好，你们有一些不正确的观点？」 If there is ever a heterodox belief within the Church, that's usually when the Church has to spring into action and say, Okay, you guys got some things that are incorrect?
「让我们帮助你们。」 Let us help you.
「我们要界定这个教义，这样你们就不会陷入错误。」 We are going to define this dogma, that way you guys don't fall into error.
一旦教义被界定并给出定义，你就必须坚持这个定义。 Once a dogma is defined and the definition is given, you are bound to hold to that definition.
如果你不坚持这个定义，而是相信任何与这个定义相 矛盾或明确拒绝这个定义的东西，你就成了什么？ And if you don't hold to that definition, and if you believe anything that contradicts that definition or is an explicit rejection of that definition, you are now a what?
异端分子。 A heretic.
异端分子就是明确地、正式地否认、拒绝或违背基督教会确定性教导的人。 A heretic is anyone that explicitly and formally denies, rejects, or contradicts the definitive teachings of Christ's Church.
这就是异端分子的定义。 That's what a heretic is.
所以如果你只是错误地相信某些事，你就是持异端观点。 So if you just mistakenly believe something, you are heterodox.
但如果你知道这是错误的，也知道公教会已经对此作出 定义，而你仍然顽固地拒绝，那你就是异端分子了。 But if you know that this is an error and you know that the Catholic Church has already defined this, and you still are obstinate in your rejection of it, now you're a heretic.
如果你是异端分子，你就不再与基督的教会完全共融，因为你是在说神说谎。 And if you're a heretic, you are not in full communion with Christ's Church because you are now calling God a liar.
如果你说神说谎，你就不能与他完全共融。 And if you call God a liar, you're not in full communion with Him.
这就是为什么相信神所启示的非常、非常重要。 So this is why it's very, very important that we believe what God revealed.
今天我们要讨论神关于他母亲的启示。 And today we are going to talk about what God has revealed about His Mother.
没错，他的母亲。 That's right, His Mother.
这是我们每个人都必须相信的教义：耶稣基督是神。 Here's something that is dogmatic that every single one of us has to believe: Jesus Christ is God.
他永远是神。 He is eternally God.
耶稣基督从永恒就存在，因为他是神，而神就是存在本身。 Jesus Christ has always existed for all of eternity because He is God, and God is existence itself.
所以耶稣基督一直存在。 So Jesus Christ has always existed.
这是另一个教义：两千年前，作为神的耶稣基督，三位一体的第二位格——顺便 说一下，三位一体也是一个教义——三位一体的第二位格耶稣基督道成肉身了。 Here's another dogma: two thousand years ago, Jesus Christ, who is God, the Second Person of the Holy Trinity—and by the way, the Holy Trinity is another dogma—Jesus Christ, the Second Person of the Holy Trinity, two thousand years ago became incarnate.
他取了人的肉身。 He took on human flesh.
永恒的神、圣父的圣子，成为了人。 The eternal God, the Son of the Father, became man.
他取了肉身，来到这个世界。 He took on flesh, and He came into this world.
他是怎么做到的？ How did He do that?
他是怎么做到的？ How did He do it?
神是如何取了肉身的？ How did God take flesh?
他做了什么？ What did He do?
我想听听「阿隆佐」的意见。 I want to hear from Alonzo.
你说得真多！ You talk a lot!
开玩笑的，兄弟。 Just kidding, bro.
我想听听「阿隆佐」的意见。 I want to hear from Alonzo.
「阿隆佐」，跟我说说，孩子。 Alonzo, talk to me, baby.
通过蒙福的母亲、我们的圣母，神选择从一位女子取了肉身而道成肉身。 Through the Blessed Mother, Our Lady, God chose to become incarnate by taking flesh from a woman.
他说：「我的肉身将从一位女子而来。」 He said, My flesh is going to come from a woman.
一位女子给了神他的肉身。 A woman gave God His flesh.
圣父藉着他的儿子耶稣基督，通过圣灵的能力，创造了马利亚。 God the Father, through His Son, Jesus Christ, by the power of the Holy Spirit, created Mary.
这意味着圣子耶稣基督创造了他自己的母亲。 What this means is that God the Son, Jesus Christ, got to create His own mom.
他创造了她，并说：「这就是我道成肉身来到世 界拯救人类时，要从她那里取得肉身的女子。」 He created her, and He said, This is the woman from whom I will take my flesh when I become incarnate to come into the world to save mankind.
耶稣从马利亚取了肉身，两千年前由马利亚所生。 Jesus took flesh from Mary, and He was born of Mary 2,000 years ago.
那么，神向我们、向教会，关于他的母亲、他所创造的母亲，启示了什么？ And what is it that God has revealed to us, to the Church, about His Mother, His Mother that He created?
神向我们启示了什么？ What has God revealed about us?
马利亚。 Mary.
有四个关于圣母的教义——四个——已经被公教会正式界定。 There are four Marian dogmas—four—that have been defined formally by the Catholic Church.
有谁能告诉我这四个圣母教义是什么？ Can anybody tell me what those four Marian dogmas are?
「杰姬」？ Jackie?
我知道一个。 I got one.
是什么？ What's one?
无染原罪。 The Immaculate Conception.
无染原罪，这是一个。 The Immaculate Conception, that's one.
还有谁？ Who else?
永贞。 The perpetual virginity.
永贞，这是另一个。 The perpetual virginity, that's another one.
我们已经说了两个。 We got two down.
我们还有什么？ What other ones do we have?
继续。 Go again.
马利亚升天。 The Assumption of Mary.
马利亚身体升天。 The bodily Assumption of Mary.
还有什么？ What else?
另一个是什么？ What's the other one?
还有一个，实际上是第一个。 One more, and it's actually the first one.
这是第一个被界定的。 It was the first one to be defined.
有人知道吗？ Does anybody know?
我们学习玫瑰经的时候我确实讲过这个。 I actually did talk about this when we did the class on the Rosary.
我提到过这个。 I mentioned this.
是什么？ What is it?
马利亚为神之母。 The divine motherhood of Mary.
所以我们要从这个开始。 So we're going to start with that.
基督教会界定的第一个马利亚教义是马利亚为神之母。 The first Marian dogma that was defined by Christ's Church is the divine motherhood of Mary.
这是什么意思？ What does that mean?
马利亚为神之母。 The divine motherhood of Mary.
这意味着什么？ What does this mean?
这意味着马利亚是神的母亲，如果你拒绝这个称号，如果你拒绝马利 亚是神的母亲，你不仅陷入异端，而且你对耶稣的理解也出了问题。 What it means is that Mary is the Mother of God, and that if you reject that title, if you reject Mary being the Mother of God, not only are you in heresy, but you've actually messed up your understanding of Jesus.
为什么会这样？ Why is this?
你必须承认马利亚是神的母亲，因为如果你否认这一点，你就是在否认耶稣的神性。 You have to say that Mary is the Mother of God because if you deny that, you are now denying the divinity of Jesus.
这很简单。 It's very simple.
在431年的以弗所大公会议上，教会聚集在一起，界定马利 亚确实是神的母亲，并且应该称马利亚为神的母亲。为什么？ In the year 431, at the Ecumenical Council of Ephesus, the Church came together and defined that Mary is indeed the Mother of God, and Mary should be called the Mother of God in the year 431. Why?
因为很简单：马利亚是耶稣的母亲，耶稣是神，所以马利亚是神的母亲。 Because it's simple: Mary is the Mother of Jesus, Jesus is God, therefore Mary is the Mother of God.
假设你拒绝这一点，因为直到今天仍有人拒绝这一点。 And let's say that you reject that, because there are people still to this day that reject this.
事实上，431年必须召开以弗所会议的原因是因为当时有 一个异端盛行，这个异端叫做——谁知道这个异端叫什么？ As a matter of fact, the reason that the Council of Ephesus had to be held in the year 431 is because there was a heresy that was running rampant called the heresy—who knows what this heresy is called?
请说。 Go ahead.
聂斯托利派异端。 The Nestorian heresy.
聂斯托利派异端说马利亚只是耶稣基督人性的母亲，而不是他神性的母亲。 The heresy of Nestorianism says that Mary is only the Mother of the humanity of Jesus Christ, but she is not the Mother of His divinity.
为什么这是错误的？ Why is this an error?
因为如果你说马利亚只是耶稣人性的母亲而不是他神性的母亲，你就把耶稣一分为二了。 Because if you say that Mary is only the Mother of Jesus' humanity but not His divinity, what you have now done is that you have split Jesus in half.
你现在有了两个耶稣：一个是神性的，一个是人性的。 You now have two Jesuses: one who is divine and one who is human.
你这样做就否定了道成肉身。 What you have done is you have undone the Incarnation.
当道成肉身发生时，仍然只有一个耶稣。 When the Incarnation happens, there is still only one Jesus.
耶稣只是一个位格，他完全是神，也完全是人。 There is only one person that is Jesus, and He is fully divine and He is fully human.
你永远不能把这两性分开，因为他只是一个位格，一个具有两性的位格。 You can never separate the two again because He is only one person, one person with two natures.
但如果你说，哦，马利亚只是耶稣人性的母亲，你就把它分开了；你就否定了道成肉身。 But if you want to say, Oh, Mary is only the Mother of Jesus' human nature, you have now separated; you have now undone the Incarnation.
这样你就有了两个耶稣。 And now you have two Jesuses.
你不能这样做。 You can't do that.
你这样说就是在说耶稣是两个位格。 What you are saying is that Jesus was two persons.
耶稣不是两个位格；耶稣是一个具有两性的位格。 Jesus was not two persons; Jesus is one person with two natures.
因为他是一个位格，你必须说马利亚是神的母亲，因为 耶稣，这一个位格的耶稣，就是神，这一点无可争辩。 Because He's one person, you have to say Mary is the Mother of God because Jesus, the one person who is Jesus, is God, and there is no way around it whatsoever.
如果你对马利亚的理解错了，你就会相信一个虚假的耶稣。 If you get this wrong about Mary, you're going to believe in a false Jesus.
所以如果你要持守道成肉身的教义，这是另一个教义，是 神启示的另一个真理，你就必须相信马利亚是神的母亲。 So you have to believe that Mary is the Mother of God if you want to hold to the Incarnation, which is another dogma, another revealed truth from God.
到目前为止有什么问题吗？ Any questions so far?
大家都跟上了吗？ Has everyone followed that okay?
这发生在431年。这个很容易理解：耶稣是神， 马利亚是耶稣的母亲，因此马利亚是神的母亲。 So that happened in the year 431. So that one is easy: Jesus is God, Mary is the Mother of Jesus, therefore Mary is the Mother of God.
这是第一个。 So that's the first one.
公教会界定的第二个马利亚教义是什么？ What is the second Marian dogma that was defined by the Church?
那不是第二个。 That wasn't the second one.
不是。公教会接下来界定的是什么？ No. What is the next one to be defined by the Church?
谁知道？ Who knows?
请说。 Go ahead.
是的，马利亚永贞。 Yes, the perpetual virginity of Mary.
谁能给我解释一下？ Who can explain that to me?
这里谁知道马利亚永贞是什么意思？ Who here knows what the perpetual virginity of Mary is?
讨论这个话题很有意思。 And this one is so fun to discuss.
我要让你们大吃一惊了。 I'm about to blow your mind.
谁来告诉我。 Someone tell me.
请说吧，兄弟。 Go ahead, brother.
阿们。 Amen.
所以马利亚，神的母亲，耶稣的母亲，生下道成肉身的主的 那位，她在耶稣基督降生之前、期间和之后都是童贞女。 So Mary, who is the Mother of God, the Mother of Jesus, who gave birth to the incarnate Lord, she was a virgin before, during, and after the birth of Jesus Christ.
她永远是童贞女，意思是她一生都是童贞女。 She was a virgin perpetually, meaning her entire life she was a virgin.
明白吗？ Okay?
这是神向教会启示的真理。 This is a divinely revealed truth from God to the Church.
我们怎么知道这一点？ How do we know this?
当我们想要明白神向教会和人类启示了什么时，我们去哪里寻找？ Whenever we want to figure out what God revealed to the Church and to mankind, where do we go?
要明白神的启示，首要去的地方是哪里？ What's the primary place to go to figure out what God revealed?
圣经。 To Scripture.
那么我们从圣经的哪里可以知道马利亚永远是童贞女？ So where do we go in Scripture to know that Mary was a perpetual virgin?
我们去哪里找？ Where do we go?
请说。 Go ahead.
好的，对。 Okay, right.
耶稣的弟兄们在马太福音第13章被提到，我们会讲到这一点，因 为一说到马利亚永远是童贞女，现在在YouTube上就会有人 ，一些非天主教徒，马上就抓狂了，抓着头发说，耶稣有兄弟！ So the brothers of Jesus are mentioned in Matthew 13, and we're going to get to that because right away, people that are going to be watching this on YouTube, as soon as I say that Mary was a perpetual virgin, there's somebody right now on YouTube, some non-Catholic, that's losing his mind, pulling out his hair, saying, Jesus had brothers!
哦，我们会讲到这个的。 Oh, we're going to get to that.
但现在，我想知道在圣经中哪里明确地告诉我们马利亚是永远的童贞女。 But right now, I want to know positively in the Bible where we go to know that Mary was a perpetual virgin.
如果你看路加福音第一章，当天使向马利亚显现并告诉 她将要成为弥赛亚的母亲时，马利亚对天使说了什么？ If you go to the Gospel of Luke, chapter 1, and you read when the angel appeared to Mary and he told her that she was going to be the Mother of the Messiah, what did Mary say to the angel?
当天使告诉她这事时，她对天使说了一件非常非常有趣的事。 She said something very, very interesting to the angel when he told her this.
她说了什么？ What did she say?
马利亚对他说了什么？ What did Mary tell him?
好，问天使。 Well, ask the angel.
马利亚说：「我没有出嫁，怎么有这事呢？」 Mary said, How can this be since I know not man?
你知道马利亚给天使的这个回答有什么特别有趣的地方吗？ You know what's really interesting about this response that Mary gave the angel?
当马利亚对天使说这话时，她已经结婚了。 When Mary said this to the angel, Mary was already married.
马利亚已经嫁给约瑟了；他们已经结婚了。 Mary was already married to Joseph; they were already married.
她已经是已婚妇人了。 She was already a married woman.
所以当天使向马利亚显现并说，你将要成为弥赛亚的母亲时，她说，怎么会呢？ So when the angel appears to Mary and he says, You're going to be the Mother of the Messiah, she said, How?
因为我没有出嫁。 Because I know not man.
现在，当你意识到，等一下，你说没有出嫁是什么意思？ Now, when you realize, wait a second, what do you mean you know not man?
你已经是已婚妇人了。 You're a married woman.
这是什么意思？ What does that mean?
这个词——哦，顺便说一下，当马利亚说这话时，她刚刚嫁给约瑟。 Well, that term—oh, and by the way, also when Mary said this, she had just been married to Joseph.
这是在订婚期间。 It was during the betrothal period.
现在，很多人理解错了；他们认为订婚期就像现在的订婚期。 Now, a lot of people get this wrong; they think that the betrothal is like the engagement period.
订婚并不意味着你只是订了婚。 Betrothal does not mean that you're engaged to be married.
订婚意味着你已经结婚了，但在犹太文化中——甚至直到今天很多犹太 人仍是这样——男女结婚后并不立即住在一起；他们不会马上同居。 Betrothal means that you are already married, but in Jewish culture—and even a lot of Jews to this day—they do this where a man and a woman will get married, but they do not move in together; they do not live together right away.
他们先结婚，然后丈夫去为妻子建造房屋。 They get married first, and then after getting married is when the husband goes and he builds a home for the woman.
然后，一旦房屋建好了，或者找到了房子，付了钱，房子准备 好了，他就会去接他的新娘，带她到他们的新家一起生活。 Then, once the home is built or once they find the home, pay for the home, and the home is ready, then he will go and he'll get his bride and he will bring her into their new home where they live together.
这个中间的时期，就叫做订婚期。 That period in between that happening, that's called the betrothal period.
他们是已订婚的，意味着他们已经结婚了；只是还没有住在一起。 They are betrothed, meaning they are married; they just don't live together yet.
所以马利亚说：「我没有出嫁，怎么有这事呢？」 So Mary says, How can this be since I know not man?
「没有出嫁」这个词，在圣经中是一个委婉语，是什么意思？ That phrase know not man, that is a euphemism in the Bible that means what?
马利亚实际上是在告诉天使——她在说，这怎么可能发生？ Mary literally tells the angel—she's saying, How is this going to happen?
因为我不做那事。 Because I don't do that.
她是在说，我不做那事。 She's saying, I don't do that.
我不发生那种关系。 I don't have relations with that.
这意味着马利亚，作为一个已婚妇人，是在告诉天使——她好像在说，等一下。 What this means is that Mary, as a married woman, was telling the angel—she's like, Hold on.
她基本上是在告诉天使，我是一个发过誓的童贞女，我们知道在当时的 犹太人中是有这种情况的，有些妇女会奉献自己，发誓终身保持童贞。 She's basically telling the angel, I am a vowed virgin, which we know was a thing with the Jews in that time, where there would be women who would consecrate themselves and they would vow to be virgins for their entire life.
根据我们从圣经中得到的证据和早期教会的其他著作，马利亚就是其中之一。 Mary was one of these, according to the evidence that we have from Scripture and according to other writings that we have from the early Church.
这些都告诉我们马利亚是一位发誓永远保持童贞的童贞女。 They all tell us that Mary was a perpetually vowed virgin.
所以马利亚，是一个已婚妇人，对吧？ So Mary, who's a married woman, right?
她嫁给了约瑟，但当她对天使说「我没有出嫁，怎 么有这事呢？」时，他们并不打算发生夫妻之事。 She's married to Joseph, but they're not planning on engaging in the marital act when she tells the angel, How can this be since I know not man?
在希腊文中的写法，就像是在说，我不抽烟，我不喝酒。 The way that it's written in Greek, too, it's literally like saying, I don't smoke, I don't drink.
就像是在说——她是在说，我不参与那种活动。 It's like saying that—she's saying, I don't engage in that activity.
但她已经结婚了。 But she was married.
理解她所说的话的唯一方式是，她已经下定决心要永远保持童贞。 The only way to make sense of what she said is if she had already made up her mind that she was going to be a perpetually vowed virgin.
有趣的是，在路加福音第一章，当你读到马利亚对天使说的这 些话时，这些话与士师记中耶弗他的女儿说的话完全相同。 What's interesting is that in Luke chapter 1, when you read those words of Mary to the angel, those were the exact same words that were uttered by the son of Jephthah in the Book of Judges.
在士师记中，耶弗他的女儿说了同样的话，她用完全相同的话说到她永远的童贞。 In the Book of Judges, the daughter of Jephthah said the same thing; she said the exact words about her perpetual virginity.
实际上是她的父亲说了这些话，说：「我的女儿必不认识男人，她要为主持守童贞。」 It was actually her father who said those words about her, saying, My daughter will not know man; she will be a virgin for the Lord.
所以这是相同的话——与士师记11章完全相同的话，对吧？ So it's the same words—the exact same words from Judges 11, right?
所以马利亚是永远的童贞女。 So Mary is a perpetual virgin.
现在，读圣经的非公教会基督徒，他们了解圣经，他们会说：「等一下，不，这是错的！」 Now, non-Catholics who read the Bible, and they know the Bible, they'll say, Wait a second, no, this is false!
当马太福音13章说耶稣有兄弟姐妹时，马利亚怎么可能是永远的童贞女？ How can Mary be a perpetual virgin when Matthew 13 says that Jesus had siblings?
耶稣有兄弟！ Jesus had brothers!
所以，公教会基督徒们，你们错了！ So take that, Catholics; you're wrong!
马利亚不是永远的童贞女，因为耶稣有兄弟姐妹。 Mary was not a perpetual virgin because Jesus had siblings.
事实上，圣经给我们列出了他兄弟的名字。 In fact, his brothers are named for us in the Bible.
他的兄弟是西门、犹大、雅各和约瑟。 His brothers were Simon, Judas, James, and Joseph.
他有四个兄弟，圣经也提到他有姐妹。 He had four brothers, and the Bible also mentions that he had sisters too.
那么你们公教会基督徒怎么还能说马利亚一生都是童贞女呢？ So how are you Catholics really going to say that Mary was a virgin her entire life?
顺便说一下，不只是公教会基督徒相信这个，东正教也相信这一点。 And by the way, it's not just Catholics that believe this; it's also the Orthodox that believe this as well, too.
东方正教会、东方古教会和东方亚述教会——他们都相信马利亚永远是童贞女。 Eastern, Oriental, and the Assyrian Church of the East—they all believe that Mary was a perpetual virgin.
这在553年的第二次君士坦丁堡大公会议上被确定为教义，这是第五次大公会议。 This was defined dogmatically at the Council of Constantinople II in the year 553, which was the fifth ecumenical council.
这实际上在以弗所会议上就提到过，当时确立了马利亚为神之母。 It was actually mentioned in Ephesus, where Mary was made Theotokos.
这在那里被提到过，在20年后的下一次大公会议，也就是451年的迦克 墩会议上也提到过。教宗利奥提到马利亚永远是童贞女，但在553年的第 二次君士坦丁堡大公会议上才正式庄严地界定。就是在那里被界定的。 It was mentioned there, and it was mentioned at the next ecumenical council, 20 years later, which is Chalcedon in 451. Pope Leo mentioned that Mary was a perpetual virgin, but it was defined solemnly and formally at the Council of Constantinople II in the year 553. That's where it was defined.
所以大公教会——这是在大公教会和东正教分裂之前——我们都同意这一点，对吧？ So Catholics—and this is before the split between the Catholics and the Orthodox—we're all on board on this, right?
但是，非大公教会或东正教的人会说，当圣经明确说耶 稣有兄弟时，你们怎么能说马利亚永远是童贞女呢？ But again, people that are not Catholic or Orthodox, you know, they'll say, How are you going to say that Mary was a perpetual virgin when the Bible clearly says that Jesus had brothers?
好，这是他们不会告诉你的部分，这就是为什么在读圣经时要非常非常小心。 Well, here's the part that they won't tell you, and here's why it's really, really important to be very careful when you read Scripture.
因为你知道圣经实际上是怎么说这些兄弟的吗？ Because do you know what Scripture actually tells us about those brothers?
圣经告诉我们，耶稣的这些兄弟不是马利亚的儿子。 Scripture tells us that those brothers of Jesus were not the sons of Mary.
马太福音13章给了我们耶稣四个兄弟的名字，但如果你往后 看14章到马太福音27章，就是耶稣被钉十字架的时候。 Matthew 13 gives us the names of the four brothers of Jesus, but then if you go 14 chapters later to Matthew chapter 27, this is when Jesus is getting crucified.
它实际上给了我们耶稣两个兄弟的父母的名字。 It actually gives us the names of the parents of two of the brothers of Jesus.
猜猜他们的父母是谁？ And guess who their parents are?
不是马利亚和约瑟；是另一个叫马利亚的女人和她的丈夫革罗罢。 It's not Mary and Joseph; it's another woman named Mary and her husband, Clopas.
根据马太福音27章和约翰福音19章，革罗罢 和马利亚是耶稣的两个兄弟雅各和约瑟的父母。 Clopas and Mary, according to Matthew 27 and John 19, were the parents of two of Jesus' brothers, James and Joseph.
雅各和约瑟的父母不是马利亚和约瑟，不是耶稣的父母。 James and Joseph's parents were not Mary and Joseph, not the parents of Jesus.
他们是另一个马利亚和另一个叫革罗罢的人。 They were another Mary and another guy named Clopas.
现在，你可能马上会想，等一下，我有点困惑。 Now, right away you might be thinking, Wait a second, I'm a little confused.
如果马太福音13章告诉我们耶稣有四个兄弟，然后马太福音27章 给了我们这些兄弟的父母的名字，但只提到其中两个——雅各和约瑟 ——那为什么他们被称为耶稣的兄弟，另外两个兄弟又是怎么回事？ If Matthew 13 tells us that Jesus has four brothers, and then Matthew 27 gives us the names of the parents of those brothers, but it only says two of them—James and Joseph—then why are they called the brothers of Jesus, and what about the other two brothers?
这是怎么回事？ What's going on?
这就是为什么我们在读圣经时需要非常小心，我们需要知道我们在读什么。 Well, this is why we need to be really careful when we read the Bible, and we need to know what we're reading.
你看，闪米特人——犹太人、说希伯来语的人、像耶稣时代说亚兰语的人— —这些语言没有叔叔、堂兄弟、侄子、继兄弟、继堂兄弟、继侄子等词。 You see, Semitic people—Jewish people, people that spoke the Hebrew language, people that spoke Aramaic like in the time of Jesus—those languages do not have words for uncle, cousins, nephews, stepbrother, stepcousin, stepnephew, or anything like that.
圣经希腊文中「兄弟」这个词是adelphoi。 The word in Greek in the Bible for brethren is adelphoi.
这就是希腊词，adelphoi。 That's the Greek word, adelphoi.
Adelphoi的意思是近亲。 Adelphoi means close relative.
它被翻译成英语是兄弟、亲属、女亲属，或者就是兄弟。 It's translated into English as brethren, kinsmen, kinswoman, or just brother.
但实际上，当古代犹太人使用它时——因为他们在希伯来语或亚兰语中没有 这些词——所以即使他们说希腊语，他们也会用兄弟这个词来指代近亲。 But it actually, when it's used by ancient Jews—because they didn't have those words in Hebrew or in Aramaic—so even when they would speak Greek, they would use the word for brother to refer to just close relatives.
但现在你可能会问，好吧，这个希腊词可能意味着近亲， 但我们怎么能确定这些是近亲而不是马利亚的孩子呢？ But now you might be asking, Well, okay, so the Greek word could mean close relative, but how do we know for sure that these were close relatives and that they weren't actually the children of Mary?
好，再说一遍，马太福音27章和约翰福音19章给了我们其中 两个人父母的名字，不是马利亚和约瑟；是马利亚和革罗罢。 Well, again, Matthew 27 and John 19 give us the names of the parents of two of them, and it's not Mary and Joseph; it's Mary and Clopas.
你会说，好吧，那另外两个兄弟呢？ And you say, Okay, well then what about the other two brothers?
这说不通。 This doesn't make sense.
另外两个兄弟怎么说？ What about the other two brothers?
原来早期教会的其他历史学家——早期教父，早期教会作家——提到另外两个兄弟， 西门和犹大，是革罗罢的儿子，但只有雅各和约瑟是革罗罢的妻子马利亚的儿子。 Well, it turns out that there were other historians in the early Church—early Church Fathers, early Church writers—that mentioned that the other two brothers, Simon and Judas, were sons of Clopas, but only James and Joseph were sons of Clopas' wife, Mary.
这意味着革罗罢有一个妻子和两个儿子，然后他的妻子去世了。 What this means is that Clopas had a wife and he had two sons, and then his wife died.
然后他再婚，和他的新妻子马利亚又生了两个儿子。 He then remarried, and with his new wife, Mary, he had two more sons.
所以这四个人都是革罗罢的儿子；其中两个是他第二任妻子马利亚 的儿子，但他们都不是耶稣之母马利亚和她的配偶约瑟的孩子。 So all four of them are sons of Clopas; two of them are sons of his second wife, Mary, but none of them are the children of Mary, the Mother of Jesus, and her spouse, Joseph.
那么问题来了，为什么他们把这四个人称为耶稣的兄弟？ So then the question is, Well, why do they call these four guys the brothers of Jesus?
为什么？ Why?
原来这个革罗罢，就是耶稣这四个兄弟的父亲，他是 约瑟的亲戚，约瑟是耶稣的父亲——耶稣的养父。 Well, it just so happens to turn out that this Clopas guy, the father of these four brothers of Jesus, he was a relative of Joseph, Jesus' father—Jesus' adoptive father.
所以这意味着耶稣的这四个兄弟是他的近亲；他们是他的养亲。 So what that means is that these four brothers of Jesus were his close relatives; they were his adoptive relatives.
所以我们从圣经中明确知道，其中两个人肯定不是马利亚的儿子。 So we know explicitly from the Bible that two of them are definitely not the sons of Mary.
有人可能会提出异议说，好吧，我承认雅各和约瑟不是马利亚的儿子，但另外两个呢？ And somebody can raise an objection and say, Okay, I'll grant you that James and Joseph, they weren't sons of Mary, but what about the other two?
西门和犹大呢？ What about Simon and Judas?
他们很可能是马利亚的儿子，对吧？ There's a good chance that they were the sons of Mary, right?
或者至少是约瑟的儿子？ Or at least the sons of Joseph?
不是。你想知道我们怎么知道的吗？ No. Do you want to know how we know?
你们想知道我们怎么确定地知道这些人都不是马利亚或约瑟的儿子吗？ Do you guys want to know how we know definitively that none of these guys were the sons of either Mary or Joseph?
因为当耶稣在十字架上临死时，他死前做的最后一件事是什么？ Because when Jesus was dying on the cross, what was the last thing that Jesus did before he died on the cross?
他做了什么？ What did he do?
耶稣把圣母，他的母亲，托付给使徒约翰。 Jesus gave Our Lady, his mom, to the Apostle John.
这就是你怎么知道马利亚没有其他孩子，也是你怎 么确定马利亚的配偶约瑟也没有其他儿子的原因。 That's how you know that Mary did not have other children, and that's how you know for sure that also Joseph, Mary's spouse, did not have any other sons either.
因为如果还有其他儿子，其中一个会是长子，他就会是接纳马 利亚并照顾她的人，特别是因为耶稣的养父约瑟已经去世了。 Because if there were other sons in the picture, one of them would have been the oldest and would have been the one to take Mary in and take care of her, especially since Joseph, Jesus' adoptive father, had already passed away.
所以其他孩子中的一个本应该接纳马利亚。 So one of the other kids would have had to take Mary in.
但耶稣没有把她托付给西门，或犹大，或雅各，或约瑟 ；他把她托付给了使徒约翰，而约翰不是耶稣的亲戚。 But Jesus didn't leave her to Simon, or Judas, or James, or Joseph; he left her to John the Apostle, who was not a relative of Jesus.
如果耶稣真有其他亲戚，即使是养亲，即使是约瑟的儿子，按照犹 太法律和自然法，他都有法律义务把马利亚托付给他们中的一个。 If Jesus did have other relatives, even if they were adoptive relatives, even if they were sons of Joseph, he would have had the legal obligation—legally, according to Jewish law and according to natural law as well—to leave Mary to one of them.
但他没有；他把马利亚托付给了使徒约翰。 But he didn't; he left Mary to John the Apostle.
这就是我们毫无疑问地知道马利亚没有其他孩子， 约瑟也没有其他可以照顾马利亚的孩子的原因。 That is how we know beyond a shadow of a doubt that Mary did not have any other children, nor did Joseph have any other children that could have taken care of Mary.
所以福音书中提到的四个兄弟——耶稣的四个兄弟——不是马利亚的孩子。 So the four brothers that are mentioned—the four brothers of Jesus that are mentioned in the Gospel—are not the children of Mary.
他们实际上不是耶稣的亲兄弟；他们是近亲。 They are actually not biological brothers of Jesus; they are close relatives.
根据教会历史，我们从教会早期几个世纪就知道革罗罢是约瑟的兄弟。 According to Church history, we know from the early centuries of the Church that Clopas was the brother of Mary Joseph.
当我们说兄弟时，也是一样的；adelphoi意味着革罗罢可能是约瑟的兄弟、叔叔 、堂兄弟或侄子——约瑟的任何近亲——这意味着耶稣的这四个兄弟实际上是堂兄弟。 And when we say brother, it's the same thing; adelphoi means that Clopas could have either been Joseph's brother, uncle, cousin, or nephew—any close relative of Joseph—which means that all these four brothers of Jesus were actually cousins.
顺便说一下，如果你读希伯来圣经的希腊文版本，这个表示兄弟的词ade lphoi，在我们确定知道两个人不是同父母的亲兄弟的地方也使用了。 And by the way, if you read the Greek version of the Hebrew Scriptures, that same word for brethren, adelphoi, is used in places where we know for sure that two people are not actual brothers of the same parents.
例如，在旧约圣经中，在耶稣诞生之前写成的希腊文版 本中，说亚伯拉罕和罗得是兄弟，adelphoi。 For example, in the Old Testament Scriptures, in the Greek version of it, which was written even before Jesus was born, it says that Abraham and Lot were brothers, adelphoi.
但我们知道亚伯拉罕和罗得不是兄弟；我们知道罗得是 亚伯拉罕的侄子，因为罗得是亚伯拉罕兄弟的儿子。 But we know that Abraham and Lot were not brothers; we know that Lot was Abraham's nephew because Lot was the son of Abraham's brother.
所以我们知道罗得是亚伯拉罕的侄子。 So we know Lot was Abraham's nephew.
但是再说一次，因为犹太人和希伯来人没有侄子或堂兄弟的词 ，他们就用兄弟这个词，因为对他们来说这个词就是指近亲。 But again, because Jews and Hebrews do not have a word for nephew or cousin, they just use the word for brother because to them that word just means close relative.
所以这些是耶稣的近亲；他们不是马利亚的孩子，甚至不是约瑟的孩子。 So these were close relatives of Jesus; they were not children of Mary or even children of Joseph.
现在，非天主教和非东正教的人会提出另一个反对意见说，哦，等等！ Now, another objection is that non-Catholics and non-Orthodox will say, Oh, but wait!
如果你读马太福音1章25节，它说约瑟没有和他的妻子同 房，意思是他在耶稣出生之前没有和他的妻子有夫妻关系。 If you read Matthew 1, verse 25, it says that Joseph did not know his wife, meaning he did not have relations with his wife until after Jesus was born.
所以这意味着在耶稣出生之后，约瑟和马利亚会有正常的婚姻关系。 So what that means is that after Jesus was born, Joseph and Mary would have had a normal, regular marriage.
你说因为那个「直到」这个词意味着，不，马利亚确实和约瑟有了关系。 You're saying because of that word until means that, no, Mary did have relations with Joseph.
他们会说，你知道吗？ They can say, You know what?
好吧，我们承认；马利亚没有其他孩子，但这并不意味着她一生都是童贞女。 Fine, we'll grant it to you; Mary didn't have other children, but that doesn't mean that she was a virgin her whole life.
他们可能还是有夫妻关系，只是马利亚没有再生孩子。 They could have still had relations, and Mary just never had any more kids.
他们会说，因为马太福音1:25用了「直到」这个词。 And they'll say, because Matthew 1:25 uses that word until.
但这样理解有个问题：「直到」这个词并不意味着情况发生了改变。 Here's the problem with that, though: the word until does not mean a change in circumstances.
我们知道这一点是因为在圣经中有很多例子，「 直到」这个词的使用并不意味着情况发生改变。 We know this because we have all of these examples in the Bible of the word until being used in a way that does not imply a change in circumstances.
例如，在哥林多前书15章中说，耶稣要作王， 直到世界的末了，意思是直到他第二次来临。 For example, in 1 Corinthians 15, where it says Jesus will reign over His enemies until the end of the age, meaning until the Second Coming.
这是否意味着耶稣回来后，他就不再作王了？ Does that mean that after Jesus returns, He will no longer reign over His enemies?
这是我最喜欢的例子：如果你读撒母耳记下6章，它说米甲直到死都没有生育。 Here's my favorite one: if you read 2 Samuel 6, it says Michal did not have children until she died.
这是否意味着她死后开始生孩子了？ Does that mean that after she died, she started having children?
不。在圣经中，「直到」根本不意味着改变。 No. Until does not imply a change in the Bible at all.
所以圣经中根本没有证据表明马利亚有其他孩子，而且根据路加福音第1章 记录的她自己的话，我们有确凿的证据表明马利亚是终身发誓保持童贞的。 So there is no evidence whatsoever from the Bible that Mary had other children, and we have positive evidence that Mary, according to her own words recorded in Luke chapter 1, was a perpetually vowed virgin.
因为这些话与旧约中用于终身发誓保持童贞的用 词相同，特别是士师记11章中耶弗他的女儿。 Because those are the same words that are used for perpetually vowed virgins in the Old Testament, in particular Judges 11 with the daughter of Jephthah.
所以马利亚是永远的童贞女，所有早期基督徒，所有早期教父 ——每一个人，无一例外——都说马利亚是永远的童贞女。 So Mary was a perpetual virgin, and all of the early Christians, all of the early Church Fathers—every single one of them, without fail—they all said that Mary was a perpetual virgin.
事实上，历史上第一个否认马利亚永贞的人是一个叫赫尔维丢的亚略主义异端。 As a matter of fact, the very first person in history to ever reject the perpetual virginity of Mary was an Arian heretic named Helvidius.
赫尔维丢是一个否认尼西亚会议的异端；他不相信耶稣是神。 Helvidius was a heretic who rejected the Council of Nicaea; he didn't believe that Jesus was God.
而这个连耶稣神性都不相信的人，是第一个说马利亚没有其他孩子的人。 And this guy, who didn't even believe in the divinity of Jesus, was the first one to say Mary didn't have other children.
圣耶柔米，一位伟大的教父，你们应该读读他的作品。 St. Jerome, a great Church Father, you should read his work.
他写了一封信叫《驳赫尔维丢》。他严厉地批评他；他嘲笑他。 He has a letter that he wrote called Contra Helvidius (Against Helvidius). He roasts him so hard; he makes fun of him.
他真的严厉批评他。 He really goes after him.
这让我想起我回应视频评论时嘲笑别人的样子。 It kind of reminds me of me when I respond to some of the comments on my videos where I make fun of people.
主啊，原谅我。 Lord, forgive me.
但是嘿，圣耶柔米给了我很大希望，我也可以成为圣人！ But hey, St. Jerome gives me great hope that I could be a saint too!
他批评他说：「赫尔维丢，你不知道从来没有一个人相信这个吗？」 He roasts him and says, Helvidius, don't you know that not a single person has ever believed this?
「你是第一个！」 You're like the first one!
「你真是个异端，而且真是愚蠢。」 You're such a heretic, and you're really dumb.
他告诉他：「你真蠢！」 He tells him, You're dumb!
「兄弟，你甚至不值得回应！」 You're not even worth the response, bro!
这就是他在信中说的。 That's what he says in the letter.
他说：「赫尔维丢甚至不值得理会。」 He's like, Helvidius isn't even worth it.
我觉得回应这个人有点奇怪，因为人们会认为他值得回应。 I feel kind of weird just responding to this guy because people are going to think he's worth a response.
他不值得；他是个蠢——他怎么说他的？ He's not; he's a dumb—what did he call him?
一个无聊的人！ A bore!
他是个愚蠢无聊的人！ He's a dumb bore!
所以圣耶柔米就像——他毫不客气。 So St. Jerome was like—he didn't hold back.
圣耶柔米像我一样狂野！ St. Jerome was buck wild like me!
总之，马利亚永贞是第二个马利亚教义，在553年第五次大公会议 ，即第二次君士坦丁堡会议上再次界定。第三个马利亚教义是什么？ Anyway, so the perpetual virginity of Mary was the second Marian dogma to be defined again in the year 553 at the Fifth Ecumenical Council, Constantinople II. What is the third Marian dogma?
我们现在讲了一半了，还有两个。 We're halfway there now, guys; we've got two more.
第三个被界定的是什么？ What is the third one to have been defined?
请说，谁想说就说。 Go ahead, whoever would like to say it.
没有吗？那就只剩一个了：无染原罪。 No? So there's only one more: the Immaculate Conception.
什么是无染原罪？ What is the Immaculate Conception?
马利亚生来就没有原罪的污点。 Mary was born without the stain of original sin.
无染原罪是指马利亚被神创造时没有罪，并且被神保守永远不陷入罪中的教义。 The Immaculate Conception is the dogma that Mary was created by God without sin and that she was preserved by God from ever falling into sin.
无染原罪是在——有人知道是什么时候界定的吗？ The Immaculate Conception was defined—does anybody know when it was defined?
在1854年，教宗庇护九世界定了无染原罪，并给出了马利亚无罪的 定义，在一份称为《不可言喻的天主》的教宗诏书中称之为无染原罪。 In 1854, the year 1854, by Pope Pius IX. He defined the Immaculate Conception and gave the definition of Mary's sinlessness, calling it the Immaculate Conception in a papal bull called Ineffabilis Deus, meaning the Ineffable God.
《不可言喻的天主》是这份文件的名字。 Ineffabilis Deus is the name of the document.
所以如果你们想了解无染原罪，可以去看1854年 教宗庇护九世的这份文件，他在其中给出了定义。 So if you guys want to read about the Immaculate Conception, go to that document from 1854 by Pope Pius IX, where he gives the definition.
所以马利亚被创造时没有罪。 So Mary was created without sin.
这可能吗？ Is that possible?
神能创造一个没有罪的人吗？ Can God create anybody without sin?
神能做到这一点吗？ Can God do that?
顺便说一下，东正教也相信这一点；他们相信马利亚是无罪的。 Because, by the way, again, the Orthodox believe this too; they believe that Mary was sinless.
非天主教和非东正教的人会反对，他们会说，不，圣经哪里说马利亚无罪？ Non-Catholics and non-Orthodox will object, and they'll say, No, where does the Bible say that Mary was without sin?
他们会说，圣经没有这样说。 They'll say, The Bible doesn't say that.
你确定吗？ Are you sure?
圣经在哪里说马利亚无罪？ Where does the Bible say that Mary is without sin?
在我们深入讨论之前，让我说：神能做到这点吗？ And before we get into it, let me just say: can God do that?
神能创造无罪的人吗？ Can God create people without sin?
我们知道神这样做的例子吗？ Do we know of any examples of God doing that?
让我问你们：亚当和夏娃被造时是无罪的吗？ Let me ask you this: were Adam and Eve created without sin?
神创造了亚当和夏娃。 God created Adam and Eve.
他创造他们时是带着罪的吗？ Did He create them in sin?
不是！亚当和夏娃被造时是完全公义的。 No! Adam and Eve were created perfectly righteous.
亚当和夏娃拥有早期教父所说的原义之果，意思是他们被造时是无罪的。 Adam and Eve had what the early Church Fathers called the fruit of original justice, meaning they were created without sin.
当他们违背神时失去了这个，因为这个，我们现在都承受着他们所做之事的后果。 They lost that when they disobeyed God, and because of that, we all have the consequences now of what they did.
我们都有缺失；我们缺乏原义。 We all have a privation; we lack original justice.
原罪使我们所有人都失去了原义，但最初，亚当和夏娃被造时是无罪的。 The original sin lost original justice for all of us, but originally, Adam and Eve were created without sin.
我要指出，在新约中，在犹大书第1章24节，我相信那里说神能保守人不犯罪。 I would point out that in the New Testament, in the Epistle of St. Jude the Apostle, chapter 1, verse 24, I believe, is where it says that God is capable of keeping anyone from falling into sin.
神能做到这一点！ God can do that!
所以我们已经知道这是可能的，因为圣经这样说。 So we already know that it's a possibility because the Bible says so.
我们已经知道神能创造无罪的人，因为他对亚当和夏娃这样做了，而 且我们知道神能保守任何人不陷入罪中，因为新约在犹大书1:24 这样说。所以现在的问题是：我们怎么知道他为马利亚这样做了？ We already know that God can create somebody without sin because He did it with Adam and Eve, and we know that God can keep anyone from falling into sin because the New Testament says so in Jude 1:24. So now the question is this: how do we know that He did this for Mary?
你们猜怎么着？ Well, guess what?
马利亚的无罪实际上在圣经中就有预言——在创世记3：15 。创世记3：15是我们所说的原始福音，或第一个福音。 Mary's sinlessness was actually prophesied in Scripture—in the Bible—in Genesis 3:15. Genesis 3:15 is what we call the proto-evangelium, or the first Gospel.
这是圣经中第一次看到神提到福音。 This is the first time in the Bible where you see God mention the Gospel.
在创世记3：15中，他说他要拯救我们，说的是什么？ In Genesis 3:15, where He says that He's going to save us, what does it say?
神说：我要叫你和女人彼此为仇，他是在对蛇说，对那条 蛇，对撒但说，就是那个导致亚当和夏娃陷入罪中的。 God says this: I will put enmity, and He's talking to the snake, to the serpent, to Satan, who caused Adam and Eve to fall into sin.
他说：「我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇。」 He said, I am going to put enmity between you and the woman.
他说：「我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇，你的后裔和女人的后裔也彼此为仇。」 He said, I'm going to put enmity between you and the woman and her seed, and between you and the woman's seed.
「他要伤你的头，你要伤他的脚跟。」 You will strike at his heel, and he will crush your head with his foot.
这后裔——这是原始福音。 The seed—this is the plural evangelium.
谁是女人的后裔？ Who is the seed of the woman?
耶稣。 Jesus.
你们知道一件有趣的事吗？ You know something interesting?
女人会产生种子吗？ Do women create seed?
不！种子从哪里来？ No! Where does the seed come from?
在生命创造的过程中，女人不提供种子；女人不提供种子——是男人提供种子。 The woman does not provide the seed in the life-creating act; the woman doesn't provide the seed—the man provides the seed.
但神说她的后裔。 But God said her seed.
那么他说的是谁？ So who is He talking about?
神所指的「她」是谁？ Who is the her that God is referring to?
马利亚！ Mary!
他指的是马利亚，因为马利亚生了一个儿子，这 不是她丈夫的种子；可以说，这是神的种子。 He's referring to Mary because Mary is the one that gave birth to a son, and it was not the seed of her husband; it was the seed, so to speak, of God.
这是女人的后裔，这再次是很不自然的。 It was the woman's seed, which is, again, very unnatural.
女人不提供种子。 The woman doesn't provide the seed.
所以就在那里，创世记3:15是第一次提到我们的救恩——耶稣以人的身份来到世界。 So right there, Genesis 3:15 is the very first time that our salvation is mentioned—Jesus coming into the world as a man.
在创世记3:15中，谁与耶稣联系在一起？ And in Genesis 3:15, who is coupled with Jesus?
不仅仅是后裔本身，还有那女人，弥赛亚的母亲。 It's not just the seed by Himself; it's also the woman, the Mother of the Messiah.
顺便说一下，所有犹太人，甚至在耶稣时代之前，都 相信创世记3:15是关于弥赛亚和弥赛亚之母的。 And by the way, all Jews, even before the time of Jesus, believed that Genesis 3:15 was about the Messiah and the Mother of the Messiah.
所以创世记3:15说到了这两者。 So Genesis 3:15 says both.
神说了什么？ What did God say?
「我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇。」 I will put enmity between you and the woman.
「为仇」是什么意思？ What does enmity mean?
这就是我们「仇敌」这个词的来源。 It means that's where we get the word enemy from.
这意味着你和女人将成为仇敌。 It means you and the woman will be enemies.
「我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇。」 I will put this enmity between you and the woman.
因为他们之间有仇恨，这意味着他们不能接触对方，一方不能触及另一方。 Because the enmity is between them, what that means is that they cannot touch each other; one cannot touch the other.
这意味着那蛇、撒但、魔鬼，不能触及那女人，因为神使他们彼此为仇。 What that means is that the serpent, the snake, Satan, the devil, could not touch the woman because God put enmity between them.
撒但不能触及马利亚，他不能触及马利亚，从未触及过马 利亚——不是因为她自己，不是靠她自己的人的能力。 Satan cannot touch Mary; he could not touch Mary, never did touch Mary—not because of herself, not by her own human power.
因为马利亚只是受造物，马利亚不是神。 Because Mary is just a creature; Mary is not God.
马利亚不是神性的，马利亚是人，是人类受造物。 Mary isn't divine; Mary is a human being, a human creature.
但神说：「我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇。」 But God said, I'm putting enmity between you and her, between you and the woman.
你不能触及她，因为她的后裔要伤你的头。 You cannot touch her because her seed is going to crush your head.
所以当我们读到圣经第一次提到福音时，不仅提到了耶稣，还提到了他的母亲。 So when we read the first time the Gospel is mentioned in the Bible, it's not just Jesus that's mentioned; it's His mom.
是提到了他的母亲。 It's His mom that's mentioned.
她在我们的救恩中也扮演着角色。 She plays a role in our salvation as well.
为什么？ Why?
因为她做了什么？ Because what did she do?
她给了神那在十字架上被钉的肉身，为全人类的罪付上代价。 She gave God the flesh that was crucified on the cross to pay for the sins of all mankind.
那被挂在十字架上受死的肉身来自一个女人——来自一个女人，来自马利亚。 That flesh that was hung on the cross to die came from a woman—from a woman, came from Mary.
这就是他如何通过他在十字架上的死和复活伤了蛇的头。 And that's how He crushed the serpent's head through His death on the cross and then His resurrection.
你们想知道一件很酷的事吗？ You guys want to know something really cool?
夏娃的名字是什么？ What was Eve's name?
我们有亚当和夏娃。 We have Adam and Eve.
在她被称为夏娃之前，她的名字是什么？ What was Eve's name before she was called Eve?
你们知道夏娃直到亚当和夏娃陷入罪中之后才得到她的名字吗？ Did you guys know that Eve didn't get her name until after Adam and Eve fell into sin?
如果你去读创世记，第2章，读创世记第3章——直到他们堕落之后夏娃才得到她的名字。 It wasn't—if you go and you read Genesis, you know, chapter 2, read Genesis chapter 3—it wasn't until after they fell that Eve got her name.
在这之前她叫什么？ What was she called before?
在她犯罪之前，马利亚叫什么？ Before she sinned, what was Mary called?
对不起，主啊，原谅我。 I'm sorry, Lord, forgive me.
夏娃在犯罪之前叫什么？ What was Eve called before she sinned?
她叫什么？ What was she called?
她确实被称为帮助者，但在她得到夏娃这个名字之前，她还有另一个称号。 She was indeed called the helper, but there's actually another title that she had before she got the name Eve.
是什么？ What was it?
女人！ Woman!
神说她要被称为女人，这就是亚当对她的称呼。 God said she will be called woman, and that's what Adam called her.
亚当称她为女人，直到他们陷入罪中之后，她才被称为夏娃。 Adam called her woman until after they fell into sin; then she was called Eve.
你想知道一件很有趣的事吗？ You want to know something really interesting?
耶稣怎么称呼他的母亲？ What did Jesus call His mom?
女人！ Woman!
许多非天主教徒会说，看，你们如此推崇马利亚 ，但连耶稣对马利亚的看法都没有你们那么高。 A lot of non-Catholics will say, See, you guys elevate Mary so much, but not even Jesus has such a high view of Mary as you guys.
他只是称她为女人。 He just called her a woman.
他们不明白为什么耶稣称她为女人。 They don't realize why Jesus called her woman.
为什么耶稣称马利亚为女人？ Why did Jesus call Mary woman?
因为耶稣把他自己的母亲与堕落前的夏娃联系在一起，那时她的名字是女人。 Because Jesus identified His own mother with Eve before she fell into sin, when her name was woman.
耶稣把马利亚与未堕落的夏娃联系在一起。 Jesus identifies Mary with the pre-fallen Eve.
早期的教父们都怎么称呼马利亚？ And all of the early Church Fathers—what did they call Mary?
从二世纪的里昂的圣依勒内开始，他们称她为夏娃，新夏娃。 Starting with St. Irenaeus of Lyon in the 2nd century, they called her Eve, the New Eve.
马利亚是新夏娃。 Mary was the New Eve.
我们怎么知道这一点？ How do we know that?
因为耶稣称她为女人。 Because Jesus called her woman.
顺便说一下，我想我上次可能提到过这个——我不记得我是否提到过——夏娃是什么意思？ And by the way, and I think I might have mentioned this last time—I don't remember if I mentioned it—what does Eve mean?
所以我们有亚当和夏娃。 So we have Adam and Eve.
亚当是什么意思？ What does Adam mean?
亚当就是意思是「人」。 Adam just means man.
夏娃是什么意思？ What does Eve mean?
夏娃的意思是人的母亲、人类的母亲。 Eve means mother of man, mother of mankind.
夏娃字面意思就是亚当的母亲，这就是夏娃的意思。 Eve literally means mother of Adam; that's what Eve means.
哥林多前书十五章告诉我们，耶稣是新亚当、第二个亚当，而耶稣 告诉我们马利亚是新女人或新夏娃，意思是她是新亚当的母亲。 And 1 Corinthians 15 tells us that Jesus is the New Adam, the second Adam, and Jesus tells us that Mary is the New Woman or the New Eve, meaning that she is the mother of the New Adam.
马利亚确实是新亚当的母亲，这使她成为新夏娃——或者 按照她儿子耶稣基督的说法，比新夏娃更好，是新女人。 Mary was literally the mother of the New Adam, which makes her the New Eve—or even better than the New Eve, the New Woman according to her Son, Jesus Christ.
所以如果你像犹太人那样读圣经，像犹太人那样读新约，当你读约翰福音第二章时， 你会看到使徒约翰实际上是在重述创世记的创造故事，但他讲的是新创造的故事。 So if you read the Bible like a Jew, if you read the New Testament like a Jew, when you read John chapter 2, you see that the Apostle John is literally retelling the Genesis creation story, but he's giving the new creation story.
今晚回家读创世记第一和第二章，然后读约翰福音第一和第二章。你 会看到约翰明显是在重述创世记，但现在他讲的是新创造的故事。 Go home tonight and read Genesis 1 and 2, and then go and read John 1 and 2. You'll see that John clearly was retelling Genesis, but now he's telling the new creation story.
在新创造的故事中，耶稣是新亚当，而马利亚、新亚当的母亲，是新夏娃。 In the new creation story, Jesus is the New Adam, and Mary, the mother of the New Adam, is the New Eve.
事实上，她就是堕落前的夏娃。 In fact, she is Eve before she fell into sin.
有人有问题吗？ Somebody have a question?
是哪一个呢？ For which one, though?
犹大书一章二十四节说神能保守你不失脚。 Jude 1:24 is what says that God can keep you from falling into sin.
当一八五四年教宗庇护九世界定马利亚无染原罪时，无染原罪的 定义是神保守马利亚免于原罪的玷污，并保守她不陷入罪中。 And when the Immaculate Conception of Mary was defined in 1854 by Pope Pius IX, the definition of the Immaculate Conception is that God preserved Mary from the stain of original sin and kept her from falling into sin.
所以完全是靠着神的恩典，马利亚才得以远离罪；她不是靠自己的能力，因为她只是个人。 So it was completely by God's grace that Mary was kept from sin; she didn't do it by her own power because she's just a human.
这是因为她从神那里得到特别的恩宠，因为神要一个女人参与人类的救赎。 It was because she had special favor from God, because God wanted a woman to participate in the salvation of man.
因为是一个女人使我们失去了救恩，对吧？ Because it was a woman who lost us our salvation, right?
有很多人——有很多愚蠢的自由主义者认为圣经说：「哦，圣经说女 人是我们都陷入罪中的原因，现在你需要一个男人来拯救我们。」 There are a lot of people—there are a lot of, like, dumb liberals that think that the Bible says, Oh, the Bible says that woman is the reason that we all fell into sin, and now you needed a man to come and save us.
不，不是这样！ No, no!
读创世记3：15。是一个女人失去了她的救恩，对吧？ Read Genesis 3:15. It was a woman who lost her salvation, right?
但你猜怎么着？ But guess what?
是一个女人！ It was a woman!
是一个顺服神的女人说：「我要给神一些他没有的东西：成为人的肉身。」 It was a woman who obeyed God and who said, I get to give God something that He doesn't have: flesh to become man.
神通过一个女人拯救了我们，因为耶稣是我们的救恩，他是通过一个女人来到世上的。 God saved us through a woman because Jesus is our salvation, and He came through a woman.
马利亚是新夏娃。 Mary is the New Eve.
这就是你研究圣经的方式；这就是你读圣经的方式。 This is how you study the Bible; this is how you read the Bible.
你必须像犹太人那样读经，当你用旧约的亮光来读新 约，看到所有的对应关系时，你猜你会得到什么？ You have to read it like a Jew, and when you read the New Testament in light of the Old Testament and you see all of the parallels, guess what you get?
你会得到天主教。 You get Catholicism.
你会得到公教会的信仰。 You get Catholic beliefs.
你会得到公教会的教义。 You get Catholic doctrine.
你会得到马利亚的教义。 You get the Marian dogmas.
这就是为什么马利亚如此重要。 This is why Mary is so important.
当你思考这些——我今晚给你们讲的所有内容，从旧约到新约——你读圣经，现在你就 明白为什么公教会说如果你们拒绝这些，如果你们拒绝这些，你们就是在拒绝圣经。 And when you think about this—everything that I've presented to you guys tonight, going to the Old Testament, going to the New Testament—you read the Scriptures, and now you see why the Catholic Church says if you reject these things, guys, if you reject these things, you're rejecting the Bible.
你是在拒绝神向人类启示的内容。 You are rejecting what God revealed to mankind.
这就是为什么这些马利亚教义——你必须相信它们，因为 这是在神向人类启示的信仰宝库中，是神向教会启示的。 This is why these Marian dogmas—you are bound to believe them because it is in the deposit of faith that God revealed to mankind, that God revealed to the Church.
你可以拒绝这些，但在我解释了所有这些之后，你会说：「好吧，我现在有点明白了。」 You can reject these things, and then after everything that I've explained, you're like, Okay, I kind of get it now.
这很重要。 This is important.
那么人们对马利亚无罪有什么异议？ So what objections do people have to Mary's sinlessness?
哦，顺便说一下，当天使——再看路加福音第1章——你从路加福音第1章可以 看到很多公教会关于马利亚的教导。当天使向马利亚显现时，他对她说了什么？ Oh, and by the way, when the angel—again, go to Luke 1—you get so much of what the Catholic Church teaches about Mary from Luke chapter 1. When the angel appeared to Mary, what did he tell her?
当天使，天使长加百列向马利亚显现时，对她说了什么？ What did the angel, the archangel Gabriel, say to Mary when he appeared to her?
他说了什么？ What did he say?
请听，蒙大恩的人！ Hail, full of grace!
当我们读到这段时，我们常常轻轻带过——就像「蒙大恩的人」这样。 When we read that, we kind of just brush over that—like full of grace.
不，不是这样！ Okay, no!
再去读一遍。 Go and read it again.
首先，他说「请听」。 First of all, he says, Hail.
这个问候语「请听」只用来称呼谁？ That greeting, Hail, is reserved only for who?
用来称呼王室！ For royalty!
天使长承认马利亚是王室成员。 The archangel is acknowledging that Mary is royalty.
我们怎么知道马利亚是王室成员？ How do we know Mary is royalty?
因为耶稣基督是君主，对吧？ Because Jesus Christ is the King, right?
耶稣基督是宇宙的君主，而且耶稣基督是犹太人，对吧？ Jesus Christ is the King of the universe, and Jesus Christ is a Jew, right?
圣经告诉我们耶稣来是要承继大卫君主的宝座。 And the Bible tells us that Jesus came to take King David's throne.
在大卫王朝中，谁是王国的王后？ Well, in the Davidic kingdom, who was the queen of the kingdom?
是君主的母亲！ The mother of the king!
君主的母亲就是王后。 The mother of the king was the queen.
耶稣是我们的新君主，我们永恒的君主，而他的母亲就是王后。 Well, Jesus is our new King, our King for all eternity, and His mother is the queen.
你知道谁承认了这一点？ And you know who acknowledged that?
天使长加百列！ The archangel Gabriel!
马利亚是王后。 Mary is the queen.
这就是为什么天使说「万福」。 But then that's why the angel says Hail.
然后他说「蒙大恩的人」。 But then he says full of grace.
「蒙大恩的人」是什么意思？ What does that mean, full of grace?
首先，恩典只能来自谁？ First of all, grace can only come from who?
神！ God!
只有神能赐恩典。 Only God can give grace.
神的恩典只能来自神——只能来自神。 Divine grace can only come from God—only from God.
天使说马利亚满有恩典；她完全充满了恩典。 Well, the angel is saying that Mary is full of grace; she is completely full of grace.
在希腊文中，如果你读希腊文，这个词是kekaritomene。 And in the Greek, if you read it in the Greek, the Greek phrase is kekaritomene.
这是一个很有趣的希腊词，因为如果你直译kekarito mene成英文，就是天使对马利亚说：「万福，马利亚！」 That's a really interesting Greek phrase because if you were to literally translate kekaritomene into English, it would literally be the angel saying to Mary, Hail, Mary!
「已经完全蒙恩」是一个过去完成分词，意味着当天使向 马利亚说这个问候时，她已经拥有了这种圆满的恩典。 Having been perfectly graced is a past perfect participle, meaning that when the angel said this greeting to Mary, she was already in possession of this fullness of grace.
这已经是现实，而且是无限期的——是她将永远拥有的。 It was already a reality, and it was something that was indefinite—something that she would always have.
这就是希腊文变位的用法。 That's how the conjugation of the Greek works.
她一次性永远完全蒙恩，永远如此：「万福，满被恩宠者！」 She was perfectly graced once and for all, always and forever: Hail, full of grace!
每当我们读到这段时，我们常常略过，但这个词意味着一切——满被恩宠。 And whenever we read that, we kind of just skip over it, but that phrase means everything—full of grace.
如果你满被恩宠，还有罪的余地吗？ And if you're full of grace, is there room for sin?
因为圣经告诉我们，神的恩典和罪不能共存；圣经是这样告诉我们的。 Because the Bible tells us that divine grace and sin cannot coexist; the Bible tells us this.
马利亚完全充满了神的恩典，如果她满被神的恩典，她就不可能有罪。 Well, Mary was completely full of divine grace, and if she's full of divine grace, she cannot have sin.
她从一开始就一直充满神的恩典，因为这是一个过去完成分词。 She was always full of this divine grace from the very beginning because it's a past perfect participle.
因为创世记3:15说：「我又要叫你和女人彼此为 仇」，如果马利亚生来就有原罪，这意味着什么？ And because Genesis 3:15 says, I will put enmity between you and the woman, if Mary was born with original sin, what does that mean?
这意味着神说谎了。 It means that God lied.
记住，你不会想说神说谎。 And remember, you do not want to say that God lied.
我们永远都不要说神说谎。 We never, ever want to say that God lied.
如果马利亚有原罪，这意味着她在撒但的权下。 If Mary had original sin, what that means is that she was under the dominion of Satan.
所以无论什么时候马利亚的原罪被除去，我们从创 世记3:15再次知道马利亚从未在撒但的权下。 And so whatever time Mary's original sin was removed from her, we know again from Genesis 3:15 that Mary was never under the dominion of Satan.
马利亚从受孕的第一刻起就一直有神的恩典。 Mary always had divine grace from the first moment of her conception.
这就是1854年《不可言喻的天主》中的定义所说的：从她 存在的第一刻起，马利亚就有原义，这就是早期教父所说的。 That is what the definition from Ineffabilis Deus in 1854 states: that from the first moment of her existence, Mary had original justice, which is what the early Church Fathers said.
她是原义的果实——就是亚当和夏娃曾经有但失去了的。 She was the fruit of original justice—what Adam and Eve had that they lost.
神为了我们的救恩把这个给了马利亚。 God gave that to Mary for the purpose of our salvation.
所以记住，神创造亚当和夏娃时是无罪的。 So remember, God created Adam and Eve sinless.
圣经说神能保守我们任何人无罪，他能保守我们任何人不陷入罪中。 The Bible says that God can keep any of us sinless, that He can keep any of us from falling into sin.
而且预言说马利亚会被保守无罪，被保守不陷入罪 中，因为她在人类的救恩中扮演着特殊的角色。 And it's prophesied that Mary would be kept sinless and kept from falling into sin because of the special role that she plays in the salvation of mankind.
因为耶稣是通过她来拯救我们的。 Because it is through her that Jesus comes to save us.
神要一个女人参与。 God wanted a woman to participate.
一些非天主教徒会提出异议说：「嗯，你不知道圣经说众人都犯了罪吗？」 An objection that some non-Catholics will have is they'll say, Well, don't you know that the Bible says that all have sinned?
你不知道罗马书第3章说没有义人，连一个也没有吗？ Don't you know that Romans 3 says there is none righteous, no, not one?
你想说马利亚是义的吗？ Would you want to say that Mary is righteous?
但圣经说没有义人，连一个也没有。 But the Bible says there is none righteous, no, not one.
读罗马书第3章。你知道什么真的很有趣吗？ Read Romans 3. Well, you know what's really interesting?
当写罗马书的圣保罗说没有义人，连一个也没有时，他是在引用旧约。 When St. Paul, who wrote Romans, said that there is none righteous, no, not one, he's quoting the Old Testament.
他引用的是诗篇14篇。如果你去读诗篇14篇，有趣的是他引用的是第 3节。如果你往后看两节，我想是第5节，神说：「我与义人同在。」 He's quoting Psalm 14. And if you go and you read Psalm 14, what's interesting is that the verse he quoted is from verse 3 of Psalm 14. If you go two verses later, I think it's in verse 5, God says, I am with the righteous.
所以保罗引用诗篇说没有义人，连一个也没有，这是神 说的，然后两节之后，他说：「但我与义人同在。」 So Paul is quoting a psalm that says there is none righteous, no, not one, which is God speaking, and then two verses later, He says, But I'm with the righteous.
所以当人们说，看，罗马书3章否定了马利亚无罪的观念，不，不是这 样的。当新教徒说，罗马书3章否定了马利亚永远公义的观念，不，不 是这样的。因为问题是：如果我们完全按字面理解——绝对字面理解— —众人都犯了罪，没有义人，连一个也没有——那耶稣怎么办？ So when people say, Oh, look, Romans 3 disproves the idea of Mary's sinlessness, it's like, no, no, it doesn't. When Protestants will say, Oh, Romans 3 disproves the idea of Mary always being perpetually righteous, no, no, it doesn't. Because here's the thing: if we take that literally—like absolutely literally—that all have sinned, there is none righteous, not even one—what do you do with Jesus?
耶稣没有犯罪，对吧？ Jesus didn't sin, right?
耶稣是无罪的，对吧？ Jesus was without sin, right?
哦，所以罗马书3章是有例外的。已经有一个例外了：耶稣，对吧？ Oh, so there's an exception to Romans 3. There's already one exception: Jesus, right?
还有其他例外吗？ Are there any more?
根据圣经，是的——马利亚！ According to the Bible, yes—Mary!
实际上，在罗马书后面，保罗继续谈到更多的例外，比如没有犯个人罪的婴儿。 And actually, later on in Romans, Paul goes on to talk about more exceptions, like babies that don't commit personal sin.
他们仍然生在罪中；他们有原罪。 They're still born into sin; they have original sin.
但他在谈到——这在罗马书中——时继续提出例外。 But he goes on to make exceptions when he talks about—it's in Romans.
为什么我想不起那两个出生的双胞胎？ Why can't I think of the two twins that were born?
以撒——不是以撒！ Isaac—and not Isaac!
我在说什么？ What am I talking about?
去读罗马书中他谈到罗马书3章的例外的地方。但再说一次，他引用的 是诗篇14篇，而诗篇14篇往后两节说：哦，实际上，这里有义人。 Just go and read Romans where he talks about exceptions to Romans 3. But again, he's quoting Psalm 14, and Psalm 14, two verses later, says, Oh, actually, there are righteous here.
实际上，在新约中，新约称许多人为义人，甚至在耶稣基督为我们死在十字架上之前。 And actually, in the New Testament, there are many people that the New Testament calls righteous, even before Jesus Christ died on the cross for us.
圣经在新约中谈到义人。 The Bible talks about righteous people in the New Testament.
所以是的，有义人；马利亚就是其中之一。 So yes, there are righteous people; Mary was one of them.
再说一次，如果你是义人，你成为义人不是因为你自己 ——因为你很酷，你很好，你很有才能，你很守规矩。 And again, if you're righteous, you're not righteous because of yourself—because you're so cool, you're so good, you're so talented, you're so well-behaved.
不！如果你是义人，是因为神使你成为义人。 No! If you're righteous, it's because God made you that way.
这就是无染原罪教义所说的：神使她成为义人，并为了她所扮演的角色保守她完全公义。 And that's what the Marian dogma of the Immaculate Conception says: God made her righteous and kept her perfectly righteous for the role that she plays.
我们快讲完了；还有最后一个。 We're almost done, guys; we've got one more.
这个会很快。 This will be fast.
我还可以说很多，但我们已经讲了很久了。 There's a lot more I can say, but we've been here for a while.
我们还有最后一个。 We've got one more.
最后一个是什么？ What's the last one?
我的朋友一直在反复说这个。 My man kept saying it over and over and over again.
现在他走了，所以错过了他的高光时刻。 Now he's gone, so he missed his chance to shine.
最后一个是什么？ What's the last one?
我们还剩下的唯一一个是什么？ What's the only one that we've got left?
升天！ The Assumption!
看这个：马利亚升天是什么？ Check this out: so what is the Assumption of Mary?
这个教义是什么？ What is that dogma?
马利亚升天是什么？ What is the Assumption of Mary?
马利亚升天的教义是在1950年界定的——最近，在1950年— —是教宗庇护十二世在一份叫做《至慷慨的天主》的文件中界定的。 The dogma of the Assumption of Mary, which was defined in the year 1950—recently, in the year 1950—it was Pope Pius XII in a document called Munificentissimus Deus.
说说看！ Say that!
试着说这个：Munificentissimus Deus。 Try and say that one: Munificentissimus Deus.
1950年，教宗庇护十二世界定了马利亚教义之一 ，就是马利亚在她自然生命结束时，身体被提升天。 In 1950, Pope Pius XII defined one of the Marian dogmas, which is that Mary, at the end of her natural life, was bodily assumed into heaven.
现在看这个：我们刚刚讲了无染原罪，对吧？ Now check this out: we just talked about the Immaculate Conception, right?
就是马利亚无罪；罪从未触及马利亚。 Which is that Mary was sinless; sin never touched Mary.
好，如果我们现在讨论神学——什么是神学？ Well, if we do theology now—and what is theology?
就是用你的逻辑和理性思考神向我们启示的内容——我们可以用逻辑来思考这个。 It's using your logic and reason to think about what God has revealed to us—we can actually think about this logically.
圣经告诉我们死亡是通过罪来的。 The Bible tells us that death comes through sin.
我们死亡只是因为罪。 We only die because of sin.
我们死是因为亚当和夏娃的罪、原罪，因为我们生在罪中，罪使死亡进入世界。 We die because of Adam and Eve's sin, original sin, because we're born into sin, and sin is what allows death to be in the world.
如果世上没有罪，我们就不会死；我们会永远活着。 If sin was not in the world, we would not die; we would live forever.
这里有一件很有趣的事：再说一次，无染原罪说什么？ Well, here's something very interesting: again, the Immaculate Conception says what?
马利亚是无罪的。 That Mary is sinless.
如果马利亚是无罪的，这意味着什么？ If Mary is sinless, what does that mean?
如果你用逻辑推理，马利亚是无罪的；罪从未触及马利亚。 If you reason this out logically, Mary is sinless; sin never touched Mary.
通过神的作为，通过神的恩典，他保守她远离罪。 By an act of God, by God's divine grace, He preserved her from sin.
所以让我们用逻辑思考这个。 So let's think about this logically.
这意味着什么？ What does this mean?
因为圣经说我们死亡只是因为罪。 Because the Bible says that we only die because of sin.
这意味着什么？ What does this mean?
如果我们用逻辑思考，这里的逻辑结论是什么？ If we're being logical, what is the logical conclusion here?
马利亚是不死的，对吧？ That Mary is immortal, right?
所以马利亚不会死。 So that Mary doesn't die.
这里的逻辑结论是，马利亚因为无罪，不会像我们一样经历死亡。 The logical conclusion here is that Mary, being sinless, would not experience death in the same way that we do.
因此，她身体和灵魂都被提升天，因为她被保守远离罪。 Therefore, she was assumed into heaven, body and soul, because she was preserved from sin.
我要稍微调整一下这个说法。 And I'm going to tweak this just a little bit.
逻辑结论是马利亚因为无罪所以没有死；她是无罪的。 The logical conclusion is that Mary didn't die because she was without sin; she's sinless.
所以马利亚，因为她无罪，没有死。 So Mary, because she's sinless, didn't die.
我要稍微调整一下这个说法，好吗？ I'm going to tweak this just a little bit, okay?
这就是为什么我们必须——我们都是神学家；我们必须非常小心。 This is why we have to be—we're all theologians; we've got to be very careful.
耶稣必须死吗？ Did Jesus have to die?
他必须死吗？ Did He have to die?
不！耶稣不是必须死。 No! Jesus didn't have to die.
耶稣不是必须道成肉身；他不是必须死在十字架上，从死里复活来拯救我们。 Jesus didn't have to become incarnate; He didn't have to die on the cross to rise from the dead and save us.
他不是必须这样做，因为耶稣是无罪的，对吧？ He didn't have to do that because Jesus was without sin, right?
耶稣是无罪的，但他仍然死了，因为他选择了死。 Jesus was without sin, but He still died because He chose to die.
所以让我们调整一下说法，如果马利亚无染原罪， 如果马利亚无罪，这意味着马利亚不是必须死。 So let's tweak this and say if Mary is immaculately conceived, if Mary is sinless, what this means is that Mary does not have to die.
马利亚不是必须死。 Mary didn't have to die.
耶稣也不是必须死，但他还是死了。 Jesus didn't have to die either, but He still did.
这就是公教会的智慧。 And this is the genius of the Catholic Church.
升天的定义是在马利亚自然生命结束时，她的身体被提升天。 The definition of the Assumption is that at the end of Mary's natural life, she was bodily taken up into heaven.
现在，我有个问题要问你们：马利亚死了吗？ Now, I have a question for you guys: did Mary die?
她死了吗？ Did she die?
实际上，我们知道——有趣的是：定义说在她自然生命结束时。 Actually, we do—here's the interesting thing: the definition says at the end of her natural life.
但如果你继续读这份文件，在文件后面提到马利亚死了。 But if you keep reading the document, later on in the document, it mentions that Mary died.
所以这意味着马利亚死了，但这不是定义的一部分，因为定义只说在她自然生命结束时。 So what it means is that Mary died, but that's not part of the definition because the definition just says at the end of her natural life.
在她自然生命结束时，在她死后，她的身体被提升天。 At the end of her natural life, after she died, her body was taken up into heaven.
我们知道马利亚死了，因为我们有她的墓地，就是她的身体曾经安放的地方。 And we know that Mary died because we have her gravesite, where her body would have been.
我们可以去看她去世的地方，我们也有马利亚去世的传统 ，就是使徒们都在场见证了马利亚的死——她确实死了。 We can go and see where she died, and we have the tradition of Mary dying, that the Apostles were all present for Mary's death—that she died.
这非常美丽；来自早期教父们讲述马利亚生命终结的传统是如此美丽。 So it's very beautiful; it's so beautiful, the tradition that comes to us from the early Church Fathers that talk about the end of Mary's life.
传统说耶稣来到他母亲面前说：「好。」 The tradition says that Jesus came to His mom and said, Okay.
哦，在说这个之前，我要告诉你们一些事——实际上，不，我先说这个，然后再说那个。 Oh, and before I get to this, I’ve got to tell you guys something—actually, no, I'll say it first, and then I'll go to this.
这会让你们大吃一惊！ This will blow your mind!
耶稣来到他母亲面前说：「你在地上的自然生命即将结束。」 Jesus came to His mom and said, Your natural life here on earth is about to come to an end.
你可以决定你在地上的生命如何结束。 You get to decide how your life here on earth is going to end.
想想这个！ Think about this!
记住，耶稣是个好犹太人，对吧？ Remember, Jesus was a good Jew, right?
第四条诫命是什么？ What is the Fourth Commandment?
当孝敬父母。 Honor your father and mother.
顺便说一下，这是另一个支持无染原罪的很好论据。 And by the way, this is another really good argument for the Immaculate Conception.
耶稣完全遵守律法，对吧？ Jesus perfectly followed the law, right?
耶稣完全遵守律法；他完全孝敬他的父母。 Jesus perfectly followed the law; He perfectly honored His father and His mother.
好吧，耶稣创造了他的母亲，对吧？ Well, Jesus created His mother, right?
耶稣创造了他自己的母亲。 Jesus created His own mom.
孝敬母亲的最好方式是什么？ What's the best way to honor your mother?
创造她无罪！ Create her without sin!
耶稣孝敬他的母亲，甚至到了这种程度——这显然是在耶稣升 天之后——他向她显现并说：「你在地上的时间即将结束。」 Jesus honored His mom even to the point where He came to her and said—and this is obviously after Jesus ascended into heaven—He appeared to her and said, Your time here on earth is about to end.
你可以决定你想如何结束你在地上的生命。 You get to decide how you want your life to end here on earth.
你想让我现在接你吗？ Do you want me to take you now?
马利亚说了什么？ And what did Mary say?
她说：「你知道吗？」 She said, You know what?
「我想在一切事上效法我的儿子，所以如果你死了，就让我也死吧。」 I want to be conformed in all things to my Son, so if You died, let me die.
「我想完全像你，因为你是我的神；你是我的主。」 I want to be just like You because You're my God; You're my Lord.
所以她说：「如果你死了，让我也死吧，这样我就能完全像你。」 So she said, If You died, let me die too so I could be just like You.
这就是为什么马利亚如此重要——因为马利亚教导我们如何像她的儿子。 This is why Mary is so important—because Mary teaches us how to be like her Son.
马利亚是如何像基督的光辉榜样。 Mary is that shining example of how to be like Christ.
所以她死了，第三天，她的身体被提升天。 So she died, and on the third day, her body was taken up into heaven.
为什么？ Why?
因为她无罪，因为她无罪，她的身体被提升并与她 的灵魂重新结合，现在她以身体的形式在天上。 Because she was sinless, and because she was sinless, her body was taken up and reunited with her soul, and she is in heaven now, bodily.
现在，反对天主教的人可能会说：「哦，美丽的故事！」 Now, anti-Catholics might say, Oh, beautiful story!
理性的声音！ Voice of reason!
美丽的故事；太好了！ Beautiful story; that's so nice!
但圣经在哪里说过这些？ But where does the Bible say any of that?
这很有趣：这是关于马利亚的一点我希望你们永远记住 的事，如果你们记住这一点，其他一切都会随之而来。 Here's what's interesting: here's something about Mary that I want you guys to always remember, and if you guys have this, everything else will follow.
其他一切都会随之而来。 Everything else will follow.
马利亚的身体里怀着神九个月。 Mary had God inside of her body for nine months.
马利亚的身体里怀着神，对吧？ Mary had God inside of her body, right?
当马利亚怀着耶稣去拜访她的亲戚伊丽莎白时——这是玫瑰经的奥迹之一，欢喜五端之 一——伊丽莎白，她的亲戚，可能是她的姐妹，可能是她的表姐妹，可能是她的姑姨。 When Mary was pregnant with Jesus and she went to visit her kinswoman Elizabeth—this is one of the mysteries of the Holy Rosary, one of the Joyful Mysteries—Elizabeth, her kinswoman, meaning that it could have been her sister, it could have been her cousin, it could have been her aunt.
记住我之前解释过关于亲戚这个词的含义。 Because remember what I explained about the word kinswoman.
你知道，当马利亚已经怀孕并去传福音时——马利亚是第一个传福音的人！ You know, Elizabeth, when Mary was already pregnant and she went to go share the Gospel—Mary was the first evangelist!
当天使向她显现并说，你将要作弥赛亚的母亲；弥赛亚在这 里，弥赛亚将要从你而生，她就去见她的亲戚伊丽莎白。 When the angel appeared to her and said, You're going to be the Mother of the Messiah; the Messiah is here, and the Messiah is going to be born of you, she went to Elizabeth, her kinswoman.
她的亲戚伊丽莎白说了什么？ And what did Elizabeth, her kinswoman, say?
她说：「我主的母亲到我这里来，这是从哪里得的呢？」 She said, How could it be that the mother of my Lord has come to me?
现在，你读到这里，你会说，好，这很棒。 Now, you read that, and you're like, Okay, that's cool.
但如果你是犹太人，你真的了解你的旧约，你读到这 里时，你会说：「哦，天哪，这真是一件大事！」 But if you're a Jew and you really know your Old Testament and you read that, you're going to be like, Oh my goodness, this is a really big deal!
为什么这是一件大事？ Why is it a big deal?
因为当伊丽莎白说：「我主的母亲到我这里来，这是从哪里得的呢？」 Because when Elizabeth said that, How is it that the mother of my Lord came to me?
这些话正是大卫王在约柜来到他面前时说的同样的话。 those are the exact same words that King David said when the Ark of the Covenant came to him.
当神把约柜带到他面前时，大卫王说：「耶和华的约柜到我这里来，这是从哪里得的呢？」 When God brought the Ark of the Covenant to him, King David said, How is it that the Ark of my Lord has come to me?
然后大卫王开始敬拜神，开始跳舞。 And then King David started worshiping God, and he started dancing.
然后在新约中，怀着施洗约翰的伊丽莎白说她腹中的胎儿开始跳动，在马利亚腹中敬拜神。 And then in the New Testament, Elizabeth, who was pregnant with John the Baptist, said that the infant in her womb started leaping, worshiping God in the womb of Mary.
然后在旧约，在撒母耳记中说，约柜在大卫王的家中停留了三个月。 And then in the Old Testament, this is in Samuel, it says that the Ark of the Covenant stayed in the home of King David for three months.
当你回到路加福音第1章，它说什么？ And when you go back to Luke chapter 1, what does it say?
马利亚在伊丽莎白家住了三个月——还是六个月？ That Mary stayed in the house of Elizabeth for three months—or was it six months?
是这两个数字之一。 One of those two.
所以当你读路加福音第1章时，如果你了解旧约，你会说：「哦，我明白了！」 So when you read Luke chapter 1, if you know your Old Testament, you go, Oh, I get it!
因为在旧约中约柜是什么？ Because what was the Ark of the Covenant in the Old Testament?
约柜里面有什么？ What did the Ark have inside of it?
约柜里面有神的同在。 The Ark of the Covenant had the presence of God inside of it.
里面有天上的吗哪，有神的道，有十诫、律法、石版。 It had the manna from heaven; it had the Word of God; it had the Ten Commandments, the law, the stones inside of it.
还有祭司职分的杖，亚伦的杖，他是第一位祭司，对吧？ And it also had the staff of the priesthood, Aaron's staff, who was the first priest, right?
这些都在约柜里面，这些都是神的器物。 That was all inside of the Ark of the Covenant, and these things were artifacts of God.
在新约中，马利亚里面所怀的不是神的器物，而是神自己——神在她里面。 Well, in the New Covenant, what Mary had inside of her wasn't an artifact of God; it was God—God inside of her.
这意味着马利亚是新约的约柜。 What that means is that Mary is the Ark of the New Covenant.
如果你记住马利亚是新约的约柜，所有这些马利亚教义你都会永远记住。 And if you remember Mary being the Ark of the New Covenant, all of these Marian dogmas are always going to stick with you.
因为当你在旧约中读到约柜时，它必须完美地制造。 Because when you read about the Ark of the New Covenant in the Old Testament, it had to be made perfectly.
它是用不朽坏的木头包上金子制成的。 It was made of incorruptible wood overlaid with gold.
没有人能触摸它，它是不能被触摸的。 Nobody could touch it; it could not be touched.
里面永远不能放其他东西——再说一次，约柜里面只能有神。 Nothing else could ever be put inside of it—again, only God inside of the Ark.
没有别的！ Nothing else!
里面永远不能放其他东西，甚至没有人能触摸它。 Nothing else could ever be put inside of it, and nobody could even touch it.
只有祭司才能触摸约柜，这是在旧约中。 Only a priest was able to touch the Ark of the Covenant; that was in the Old Testament.
现在在新约中，在新约里，我们有一个新约的约柜，这约柜更伟大，因 为马利亚里面所怀的不是神的器物，而是神自己以肉身在她的腹中。 Well, now in the New Testament, in the New Covenant, we have an Ark of the New Covenant, which is much greater because what was inside of Mary isn't an artifact of God; it was God Himself in the flesh in her womb.
看看这个！ And look at that!
就像旧约柜是用不朽坏的木头——永不腐朽的木头——包上金子制成的，根据创世记3 :15的预言，马利亚无染原罪，从未被罪玷污。你知道在旧约中还预言了什么吗？ Just like the old Ark, which was made with incorruptible wood—wood that would not die—overlaid with gold, Mary was conceived immaculately, never touched by sin, according to the prophecy of Genesis 3:15. And you know what else is prophesied in the Old Testament?
在诗篇132:6中，预言主，弥赛亚，将与他的约柜一同被提升天。 In Psalm 132:6, it prophesies that the Lord, the Messiah, would be taken up into heaven with His Ark.
弥赛亚将与他的约柜一同被提升天。 The Messiah would be taken up into heaven with His Ark.
谁是新约的约柜？ Who is the Ark of the New Covenant?
马利亚！ Mary!
这不是我编造的；这不是我在说，哦，看，这很优美很诗意。 And this isn't just me making this up; this isn't just me saying, Oh, look, this is very nice and poetic.
不，这是在圣经里！ No, this is in the Bible!
这是在新约中。 This is in the New Testament.
你知道是谁说的吗？ Do you know who says it?
是启示录中的使徒约翰。 The Apostle John in the Book of Revelation.
在启示录第11章，启示录11章的最后一节，约 翰描述他看到的天上的异象，他说：「看哪！」 In Revelation chapter 11, the very last verse of Revelation 11, John is describing a vision that he is getting of heaven, and he says, Oh, look!
诸天向我开启。 The heavens opened up for me.
看我所见！ Look at what I see!
我看见约柜！ I see the Ark of the Covenant!
就是那个已经失去的约柜。 The same Ark of the Covenant that had been lost.
你能相信吗？ Can you believe that?
神把约柜赐给犹太人，他们却把它弄丢了！ God gave the Ark of the Covenant to the Jews, and they lost it!
他们弄丢了它！ They lost it!
他们竟然弄丢了它；实际上是在战争中被夺走的。 They managed to lose it; it was actually taken from them in war.
神在惩罚以色列人；神在惩罚他自己的子民，因为他们陷入罪中，陷入偶像崇拜。 God was punishing the Israelites; God was punishing His own people because they had fallen into sin; they had fallen into idolatry.
所以他们失去了约柜。 So they lost the Ark.
但当他救赎我们时，他把约柜还给了我们！ But when He redeemed us, He gave us the Ark back!
他给了我们一个新约柜，谁是新约柜？ He gave us a new Ark, and who was the new Ark?
约翰说他在启示录11章看到它。然后继续往下读到 下一节，就是启示录12章1节。我们读到什么？ John says that he sees it in Revelation 11. And then keep reading forward into the next verse, which is Revelation 12, verse 1. What do we read?
当他说：「嘿，大家看！」 When he says, Hey guys, look!
我刚找到约柜，他开始描述什么？ I just found the Ark, what does he begin to describe?
他说：「我看见天上有一个妇人，身披日头。」 He says, I see a woman in heaven who is clothed with the sun.
她站在月亮上，头戴十二星的冠冕，她是弥赛亚的母亲。 She is standing on the moon; she has a crown of twelve stars on her head, and she is the mother of the Messiah.
那就是约柜！ That's the Ark!
所以他说的是谁？ So who is he talking about?
马利亚，在天上，以身体的形式——新约的约柜。 Mary, in heaven, bodily—the Ark of the New Covenant.
就是在诗篇132篇8节中预言的约柜，那约柜要与主一同被提升天。 The same Ark that was prophesied in Psalm 132, verse 8, that that Ark with the Lord would be taken up into heaven.
这就是马利亚身体升天。 That's the bodily Assumption of Mary.
这是无染原罪的逻辑结论。 It is a logical conclusion to the Immaculate Conception.
当然，她的身体也会被提升天，因为她一直无罪。 Of course, her body would be taken up into heaven as well because she was always without sin.
当然，这在旧约中被预言，并在启示录11和12章被使徒约翰证实。所以所有这些在过去 2000年中被界定的马利亚教义，第一个是在431年的以弗所会议上——就是马利亚为 神之母，这就是为什么我们称之为天主之母——第二个是在553年第五次大公会议迦克墩 会议上确定的她永远的童贞，然后第三个是教宗庇护九世在1854年在《不可言喻的天主 》中界定的，第四个是教宗庇护十二世在1950年在《至慷慨的天主》中界定的。 And of course, it was prophesied in the Old Covenant and confirmed by the Apostle John in Revelation 11 and 12. So all of these Marian dogmas that have been defined over the last 2,000 years, with the first one being in 431 at the Council of Ephesus—that is the divine motherhood of Mary, why we call it the Theotokos—the second one being her perpetual virginity at the Council of Chalcedon, the fifth ecumenical council in 553, and then the third one being defined by Pope Pius IX in 1854 in that document Ineffabilis Deus, and then the fourth one being defined by Pope Pius XII in 1950 in Munificentissimus Deus.
这一切都来自圣经；都在那里。 It all comes from the Bible; it's all there.
再说一次，教会必须界定某些教义的原因只是为了确保人们知道，这就像护栏。 And the reason that, again, the Church has to define certain dogmas is just to make sure that people know, like, Here are the guardrails.
你不能越过这些护栏，因为如果你这样做，你就是在拒绝神所启示的。 You can't go outside of these guardrails because if you do, you are now rejecting something that God revealed.
关于马利亚身体升天的有趣之处在于：因为实际的教义定义说在马利亚生 命结束时，她被提升天，这意味着你可以是正统的公教会基督徒并相信马 利亚没有死，你也可以是正统的公教会基督徒并相信马利亚确实死了。 And here's the cool thing with the bodily Assumption of Mary: because the actual dogmatic definition says that at the end of Mary's life, she was taken up into heaven, what that means is that you can be an Orthodox Catholic and you can believe that Mary didn't die, and you can be an Orthodox Catholic and you can believe Mary did die.
你可以采取任何一种立场，因为这两种立场都不在教义定义中。 You can take either position because neither position is actually in the dogmatic definition.
然而，如果你说马利亚没有死，你就有点忽视了文件后面关于 马利亚如何死的说法，以及传统中关于马利亚如何死的记载。 However, if you want to say Mary didn't die, you're kind of ignoring what the document would later go on to say about how Mary died, and it's in the tradition about how Mary died.
关于我们今晚讨论的任何内容，有什么问题吗？ But are there any questions about anything that we've discussed tonight?
现在几点了？ What time is it?
请说！ Go ahead!
你说过自然律禁止耶稣与其他人结婚，对吗？ You talked about the natural law prohibiting Jesus from getting married to anyone else, correct?
你能稍微解释一下吗？ Can you maybe explain that a little bit?
是的，当然可以！ Yes, absolutely!
顺便说一下，那个表示兄弟的词adelphoi，也用来 指主内的弟兄、基督里的弟兄，他们并不是有血缘关系的。 And by the way, that word for brethren, adelphoi, is also used for brothers in the Lord, brothers in Christ, that are not biologically related.
所以这是对那些想说那四个兄弟是耶稣亲兄弟的人的另一个打击。 So that's another strike against people who want to say that those four brothers were biological brothers of Jesus.
当你问这个问题时我才想起来。 I just remembered that now when you asked that question.
根据自然律，你有义务照顾你的父母。 So according to natural law, you have the obligation to take care of your parents.
根据自然律，如果要有人照顾你的父母，你有义务优先于任何非他们子女的人去做这件事。 You have an obligation according to natural law that if someone is going to take care of your parents, you have the obligation to do it above anyone that isn't their child.
这就是自然律的一部分。 That's just part of natural law.
如果我去照顾其他不是我母亲的女人，而我的母亲无处可去且是寡妇，这违反了自然律。 If I go and take care of some other woman that isn't my mother when my mother has nowhere to go and she's a widow, that violates natural law.
这违反了自然律，也违反了神的律法，因为自然 律会使我们倾向于相信我们对直系亲属有义务。 That violates natural law and that violates God's law because natural law would incline us to believe that we have obligations to our immediate family.
这里有父母吗？ Are there any parents here?
这里有谁有孩子？ Anybody here that has kids?
乔纳森有孩子；詹姆斯，还没有孩子，对吧？ Jonathan has kids; James, no kids yet, right?
所以如果你是父母，你有孩子，但你忽视自己的孩子，去照顾别人 的孩子，给他们食物和所需，却忽视自己的孩子，你就犯了重罪。 So if you're a parent and you have kids and you ignore your kids and you go and take care of other people's kids, and you feed them and you give them what they need, but you ignore your own kids, you are in grave sin.
你违反了自然律，也违反了神的律法。 You have violated natural law and God's divine law as well.
这也是双向的，因为第四条诫命是你要孝敬父母。 And it also goes the other way around because the Fourth Commandment is you have to honor your father and mother.
十诫是神所启示的；它们是教义性的。 The Ten Commandments are divinely revealed by God; they're dogmatic.
你必须相信十诫，因为是神启示的。 You have to believe the Ten Commandments because God revealed them.
十诫实际上重申了自然律，并阐明了自然律。 The Ten Commandments actually reaffirm natural law, and they illuminate natural law.
神所启示的任何有道德性质的事都阐明了自然律，使我们能更好地理解自然律。 Anything that God reveals that is of a moral character illuminates natural law and allows us to understand natural law even better.
所以当你从十诫的角度看自然律时，你会得出结论：如 果父母贫困、生病或临终，任何人都有义务照顾父母。 So when you look at natural law in light of the Ten Commandments, you will come to the conclusion that any person has the obligation to take care of a parent if that parent is destitute, sick, or dying.
你有义务这样做。 You have the obligation to do such a thing.
所以自然律非常非常重要，圣托马斯·阿奎那谈了很多关于自然律的内容。 So natural law is very, very important, and St. Thomas Aquinas talked a lot about natural law.
教会的许多伟大思想家都谈了很多关于自然律的 内容，而神的律法只是为我们阐明了自然律。 A lot of the great thinkers of the Church talk a lot about natural law, and God's divine law just illuminates natural law for us.
如果你对自然律一无所知，只要你有神的律法就 好，因为所有的自然律也都包含在神的律法中。 If you know nothing about natural law, you're good if you have God's law because all of natural law is included within God's law as well.
使徒圣保罗在罗马书中谈到这一点。 And St. Paul the Apostle talks about it in Romans.
在罗马书第1章中，他说世上任何有自然律的人都会知道神存在。 In Romans 1, he says that anybody in the world that has the natural law will know that God exists.
他们会知道神存在，而且神是位格的，因为我们有 自然律；我们有道德；我们有对错；我们有善恶。 They'll know that God exists and that God is personal because we have natural law; we have morals; we have right and wrong; we have good and bad.
任何人都可以仅仅因为自然律就得出神存在且神是位格的这个结论。 Anybody can come to the conclusion of the existence of God and that God is personal just because of natural law.
这就是结论。 The conclusion of that is that that is the case.
问得很好！ Really good question!
我回答得还可以吗？ Did I answer that okay?
这样可以吗？ Is that good?
好的，很好！ Okay, good!
你们还有什么问题吗？ Any other questions you guys might have?
还有什么吗？ Anything else?
有问题吗？ Any questions?
现在你们知道了已界定的马利亚教义——它们是什么，什么时候被界定的， 这些定义意味着什么，在圣经中哪里可以找到，以及如何回应反对意见。 So now you guys know about the defined Marian dogmas—what they are, when they were defined, what those definitions mean, and where to find it in Scripture and how to answer the objections.
我知道内容很多，我也没看到有人做笔记，但没关系，因为当这个在 我的YouTube频道发布时，你们可以反复听直到理解为止。 I know it's a lot, and I don't see anybody taking notes, but it's okay because when this comes out on my YouTube channel, you'll be able to listen to it over and over again until you get it.
所以YouTube上的Voice of Reason——那就是我！ So Voice of Reason on YouTube—that's me!
有人回去看玫瑰经的视频吗？ Has anybody gone back to watch the Rosary video?
哦，所以你们不是粉丝？ Oh, so you guys just aren't fans?
我开玩笑的！ I'm just kidding!
你们不是；没关系。 You guys are not; it's okay.
没事的。 It's all right.
非常感谢你们！ Thank you guys so much!
你们是很棒的听众！ You guys are a great audience!
抱歉让你们有些人睡着了。 I'm sorry for putting some of you to sleep.
我能看出你们在想，我在这里超级兴奋因为我是个 书呆子，而你们在想，哦，这家伙真是个书呆子！ I could tell you guys were like, I'm over here super excited because I'm a nerd, and you guys are like, Oh, this guy's such a nerd!
但无论如何，我们讲完了吗？ But anyway, so are we good?
还有什么吗？ Anything else?
有什么需要我澄清的吗？ Anything I can clarify?
没有其他问题了吗？ No other questions?
都明白了吗？ Everything good?
太好了！ Perfect!
好的，非常感谢你，杰姬。 All right, thank you very much, Jackie.
如果你有什么要宣布的，我让你来说。 I'll let you take it away if there are any announcements that you need to make.