我很喜欢这段祈祷！ I love this prayer!
每次我这样做时，我都觉得特别有趣。 I get the biggest kick out of this every time I do this.
所以如果你今晚是第一次来，要知道这是正式的 「Theology on Tap」祈祷。 So if you're new tonight, just know that this is the official Theology on Tap prayer.
这可不是我发明的。 I did not invent it.
好吗？ All right?
我们的帮助在主的名下。 Our help is in the name of the Lord.
愿主与你同在。 The Lord be with you.
让我们祈祷。 Let us pray.
主啊，求你降福这由谷物精华酿成的啤酒，使之成为人类有益的恩典。 Bless, O Lord, this creature beer, which Thou hast designed to produce from the fat of grain, that it may be a salutary remedy to the human race.
并且因呼求你的圣名，使凡饮用者都能因我们的主基督而身心安康、灵魂平安。 And grant, of the invocation of Thy holy name, that whoever shall drink it may gain health in body and peace in soul through Christ our Lord.
阿们。 Amen.
哦，拜托！ Oh, come on!
你们可以比这更热烈些！ You can do much better than that!
因我们的主基督之名。 Through Christ our Lord.
阿们。 Amen.
好了，就这样！ There you go!
你得假装自己是浸信会的信徒。 You've got to pretend you're Baptist.
浸信会的人可不会喜欢这样。 The Baptist wouldn't like that.
好吗？ All right?
通常在演讲结束后，我总会花些时间——尽力留时间给提问。 We usually, at the end of talks, you know, I always take time—try and take time for questions.
但我想这次我要稍微换一种方式。 And I thought, though, this time I'll do a little differently.
我要先抛出几个问题，因为这些都是我每年这个时候都会被问到的。 I'm going to give the questions because these are the questions I get asked every single year at this time.
所以我们先把这些问题解决，然后最后再专注于其他类型的问题。 So we'll get these out of the way, and then we can focus at the end on other kinds of questions.
那么我们为什么用圣灰？这些圣灰又从哪里来？ So why do we use ashes, and where do they come from?
只有罗马礼和马龙礼在四旬期开始时实际使用圣灰。 So only the Roman Rite and the Maronite Rites actually use ashes for the beginning of Lent.
其他礼仪都没有用。它们来自前一年烧掉的棕榈枝。 None of the other rites do, and they come from the palms that were burned the previous year.
当然，圣灰是象征人必死与苦 penitence 的古老标记。 And of course, ashes are an ancient sign of mortality and penance.
这是圣灰星期三最常被问的大问题：我什么时候能把脸上的圣灰洗掉？ This is the big one on Ash Wednesday: When can I wash the ashes off my face?
我得去查这个问题，因为拜占庭礼并没有用圣灰。 I had to look this one up because Byzantine Rite doesn't do ashes.
没有明确指示说要戴圣灰多久。 There is no specific instruction on how long ashes can be worn.
事实上，你如果想的话，在礼仪结束后马上洗掉也行。 In fact, you can wash them off immediately after the service if you want.
我之前都不知道！ I did not know that!
当然，大多数人会选择一天都保留脸上的圣灰，因为这能向所有 人表明你确实是罗马公教会的信徒，而且这是一种很好的见证。 Most folks can choose, of course, to wear their ashes for the remainder of the day because this is how you show everybody that you really are Roman Catholic, and it's a great witness.
你正在进入一个悔改的时节。 You're entering into a season of penance.
网上有一段马克·华伯格的影片。 There was a clip online of Mark Wahlberg.
在圣灰星期三那天，他去纽约市的圣派翠克教堂参加当天的第一台弥撒 ，因为他要上电视。到了摄影棚后，化妆团队想把他脸上的圣灰弄掉， 但他说：「不行！我去第一台弥撒就是为了要带着这些圣灰上节目。」 He went to the first Mass of the day on Ash Wednesday at St. Patrick's in New York City because he was going to be on TV. And when he got to the studio, the camera crew—because they always do the makeup business—they wanted to take off his ashes, and he said, No! The whole point I went to the first Mass was so I would have them.
后来他和主持人聊天时，她突然惊呼：「噢，天哪！」 And then when he was talking with the hostess, she suddenly just blurts out, Oh dear God!
「今天是圣灰星期三！」 It's Ash Wednesday!
「我是公教徒！」 I'm Catholic!
「我应该知道啊！」 I should know this!
我心想，「做得好，马克！」 And I said, Good for you, Mark!
然后她说：「我得赶紧去教会！」 So she says, I got to get to church!
好了，那为什么在四旬期期间要把圣水从圣水盆里拿走，换成沙子呢？ All right, why is holy water removed from the fonts during Lent and replaced with sand?
我最不喜欢这个做法，因为这是某个天才礼仪学者不知在哪儿想出来的主意。 This is my least favorite because some brilliant liturgist somewhere came up with this idea.
它完全和任何公教会的教导毫无关联。 It has absolutely nothing to do with any Catholic teaching whatsoever.
有人说这是为了象征灵魂的干涸，但罗马的礼仪部门已经明确表示绝不该这么做。 Somebody invented that as to represent the dryness of the soul, and the dicastery for worship in Rome specified this should never happen.
如果你们堂区有这种做法，你就有理由去提出异议了。 So if this happens in your parish church, you now have an argument.
教务部门在信中指出，四旬期是一个悔改的时节。 It said in the letter that Lent is a season of penance.
其中充满水与洗礼的象征，在读经和礼仪文本中不断出现。 It is rich in symbolism of water and baptism, constantly invoked in the readings and the liturgical texts.
教会鼓励信徒经常领受圣事，在四旬期期间同样适用。 The encouragement of the Church that the faithful avail themselves frequently of the sacraments is to be understood to apply also in Lent.
他们在这段时期所行的斋戒，并不意味着要放弃领受圣事或圣品的使用。 The fast and abstinence which they embrace in this season does not extend to abstaining from sacraments or the sacramentals.
所以圣水盆不应该在三日庆典前就被倒空，也就是圣周四、耶稣受难日、圣周六那几天； 因为在复活节守夜礼时要重新祝圣圣水，而那时我们的圣像和十字架都会被遮盖起来。 So the holy water fonts are not supposed to be emptied until the Triduum, which is Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday, because the water is blessed at the Easter Vigil when our statues and crosses are supposed to be veiled.
为什么我们堂区不这样做？ Why doesn't my parish do it?
我不知道你们堂区为什么不这样做。 I don't know why your parish doesn't do it.
我最怕有人问我这种问题。 I hate when people ask me that kind of thing.
我们的本堂神父这么做——我不知道啊！ My pastor does—I don't know!
你们得和你们的本堂神父去谈谈！ Deal with your pastor!
不过传统是从四旬期第五主日开始这样做，而在圣周四时，根据罗马礼规，弥撒后会 将祭台撤空，如果可能的话会把十字架从教堂取下，再把留下的十字架遮盖起来。 But the tradition is that you start it on the fifth Sunday of Lent, and on Holy Thursday, the Roman Missal says that the altar, of course, is stripped after Mass on Holy Thursday, and if possible, the crosses are taken down from the church, and then they have to be veiled—the ones that remain in the churches.
为什么四旬期期间不能在教堂里摆放花朵？ Why can't we have flowers in church during Lent?
因为这是一个悔改的时节，只有在庆日和欢喜主日才可以，但也不能在祭台上摆花。 Because it is a season of penance, only on feast days and Laetare Sunday, but never on the altar.
我们堂区就有人问过这个问题。 This we get at our church.
为什么你们拜占庭礼的人在四旬期期间还唱「亚肋路亚」？ Why do you people in the Byzantine Rite use the Alleluia during Lent?
你们难道不知道在罗马礼里这是被禁止的吗？ Don't you people know it's forbidden?
在罗马礼里确实是，但在拜占庭礼里并非如此。 Well, it is in the Roman Rite, but not in the Byzantine Rite.
所以如果四旬期期间你来我们教堂，不要觉得震惊。 So if you come to my church during Lent, don't be scandalized.
我们在宣读福音前唱它，因为「亚肋路亚」也意味着神临近了。 We sing it before the Gospel because Alleluia also means God is close at hand.
这就是我们全年都继续唱的原因。 So that's why we continue to do it all year long.
我必须要守斋吗？ Do I have to fast?
有人说这是最首要的问题：「我需要在四旬期的主日也守斋吗？」 Katie said this is like God number one question: Do I have to fast on Sundays of Lent?
不，不用！主日永远是复活的日子。 No, you don't! Sundays are always the resurrection.
为什么我的福音派邻居不守四旬期？ Why don't my evangelical neighbors keep Lent?
直到几年前我才知道，因为他们很多没有礼仪年历。 I didn't realize this until a couple years ago because a lot of them, they don't have a liturgical calendar.
他们唯一的礼仪性活动就是复活节主日和圣诞节。 The only liturgical things they do is Easter Sunday and Christmas.
实际上只有像路德宗、英国圣公会和部分循道宗才有礼仪年历。 It's really only like the Lutherans and Episcopalians and some of the Methodists who have a calendar.
为什么是四十天呢？ Why 40 days?
因为在圣经里，四十总是象征着将要发生大事，并且会带来转变。 So the 40 always signifies in Scripture that something big is coming and that it's going to bring about a change.
比如洪水的四十天——人类从头开始。 So 40 days of the flood—the human race starts over again.
摩西在西奈山四十天，云雾雷电之中，因为他独自与神在一起，领受诫命并带下来。 40 days of Moses on Mount Sinai, up in the clouds and the thunder and the lightning, because there he is alone with God to receive the commandments and bring them down.
以色列人在西奈旷野漂流四十年，因为从埃及出来的那一代人必须 先过世，而新的以色列子民才得以渡过约旦河，进入应许之地。 The 40 years of wandering in Sinai because the adult generation that came out of Egypt had to die off, and the new generation of the new Israel—they crossed the Jordan and they enter into the Promised Land.
先知以利亚用了四十天从耶洗别王后的忿怒之下前 往何烈山，因为他在微小的静默之声中遇见了神。 The 40 days of Elijah traveling from the wrath of Queen Jezebel to Mount Horeb because he meets God in the thin small sound of silence.
在旷野禁食四十天——我们的主也曾这样做，从而开始公开传道。 40 days of fasting in the wilderness—our Lord goes off for the 40 days because that launches the public ministry.
所以四十天总是代表考验、在信德上成长，并以新 的方式信赖神和祂的眷顾，因为大事即将来临。 So 40 was always a time of testing, of growing in faith and trust in God and His providence in a new way that something great is coming.
那么四旬期的四十天，也是为了复活——在四旬期的禁食结束后 ，在耶稣基督内得到新的生命，我们应该预备好进入新的生命。 So the 40 days of Lent, you know, is for the resurrection, you know, the new life in Jesus Christ at the end of the fasting of Lent that we should be ready to be raised into new life.
好了，今天拜占庭礼的读经是先知约珥的话，来自第二章：「耶和 华说：虽然如此，你们应当禁食、哭泣、悲哀，一心归向我。」 All right, now the reading for today in the Byzantine Rite was from the prophet Joel, so from chapter two: Even now, says the Lord, return to me with all your heart, with fasting, with weeping, and mourning.
「你们要撕裂心肠，不撕裂衣服；」 Rend your hearts, not your garments.
「归向耶和华你们的神；因为他有恩典，有怜悯，不 轻易发怒，大有慈爱，并且后悔不降所说的灾。」 Return to the Lord your God, for He is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, abounding in steadfast love, and repent of evil.
「或者他转意后悔，留下余福，就是献给耶和华你们神的素祭和奠祭，也未可知。」 Who knows whether He will not turn and repent and leave a blessing behind Him?
「我打发到你们中间的大军队，就是蝗虫、男子蝗 、剪虫、螟虫，那些年所吃的，我要补还你们。」 I will restore to you the years which the swarming locust has eaten, which I sent among you.
「你们必多吃而得饱足，就赞美那向你们行奇妙事之 耶和华你们神的名；我的百姓必永远不至羞愧。」 You shall eat in plenty and be satisfied and praise the name of the Lord your God, who has dealt wondrously with you, and my people shall never again be put to shame.
之所以今天选这段经文，是因为它带来应许。在拜占庭礼中， 今天读这段经文是为了引领我们进入那「光明的忧伤」时节。 Now the reading is given today because it's a reading of promise, and in the Byzantine Rite, it's taken today in order to lead us into the season of bright sadness.
上周是我们从家里清除肉类的那一周，给那些要严格守斋的人做准备。 Last week was the week that we got rid of meat in our homes for the people that were going to keep the strict fast.
这周我们要从家里清理掉奶制品，给那些要严格守斋的人预备。 This week is the week we get rid of dairy products in our homes for the people getting ready for the strict fast.
所以今天读约珥书，就是提醒我们：即使你在戒 除不同的食物，也得把重点放在内心的归正上。 So the reading from Joel today is a reminder to us that even though you may be getting rid of different foods, you have to be focused on the conversion of heart.
你要专注于心灵的悔改。 You have to be focused on conversion of heart.
这是最重要的：「撕裂你们的心肠，而不是衣服。」 That's the most important thing: Rend your hearts, not your garments.
如果我们这么做，会发生什么呢？ And what will happen when we do this?
神在本章末尾说：「你们必多吃而得饱足，就赞 美那向你们行奇妙事之耶和华你们神的名。」 God says at the end of the chapter, You shall eat in plenty and be satisfied and praise the name of the Lord your God, who has dealt wondrously with you.
「我的百姓必永远不至羞愧。」 My people shall never again be put to shame.
这意味着我开始新的生活：一个圣洁的生活、不 断成长的生活，以及成为成熟基督徒的新生活。 That I embark on a new life, a new life of holiness, a new life of growth, a new life of being a mature Christian.
为什么我们要过四旬期？ Why do we have Lent?
为什么我们这么做？ Why do we do it?
从第四主日起，拜占庭礼在四旬期第四主日的日课经文这样说：「基督啊， 你把你怜悯的香膏倾注在我的创伤上，我满是罪恶进攻所留下的淤痕。」 From the fourth Sunday, the Divine Office for the fourth Sunday of Lent in the Byzantine Rite says this: You poured the balm of Your compassion over my wounds, O Christ, over my wounds, for I am covered with bruises because of the assault of my sins.
「我们的神，我们的救主啊，你把你的身体与灵魂交付 ，为要救赎我——这个被无数罪过彻底伤害的人。」 You have given Your body and soul to redeem me, O God our Savior, to save me who am completely wounded by the multitude of my sins.
「主啊，除了你的怜悯，我别无医治的希望。」 I have no other hope of healing but Your mercy, O Lord.
四旬期应该是一个治愈的时节。 Lent is supposed to be a time of healing.
无论是什么在阻隔我与神，无论什么让我的灵魂受伤，现在 正是让耶稣的怜悯如同慈爱的药膏般倾注到我身上的时候。 Whatever it is that is holding me back from God, whatever causes my soul bruises, this is the time to let Jesus' mercy come and pour over me as a balm of compassion.
有一位心理学家曾告诉我，改变一个坏习惯需要六周时间。 I had a psychologist tell me once that it takes six weeks to break a bad habit.
四十二天——那四旬期是多少天呢？ Forty-two days—Lent is how many days?
加上那几天，总共是四十天对吧？ Four plus the extras, right?
我们先有四旬期，然后是圣周。 So we have Lent, then you have Holy Week.
在拜占庭礼，我们从下周一「洁净星期一」开始四旬期，那天 是严格的禁食日——不吃肉、不吃奶制品，一天只吃一餐。 In the Byzantine Rite, we start on Pure Monday, which is the first day of Lent for us next Monday, and it's a day of strict fasting—no meat, no dairy, one meal.
那天晚上我们去教堂，会被圣油傅抹，以在属灵的征战中得到力量。 And we go to church that night, and we're anointed with holy oil to strengthen us for the spiritual combat.
然后我们一直进行到圣枝主日的前一个星期五，接下来圣周就独成一个时段。 Then we go to the Friday before Palm Sunday, and then Holy Week is its own time period.
它是独立的时期。 It stands alone.
在罗马礼中，则是从圣灰星期三到圣周三，然后三日庆典— —圣周四、耶稣受难日、圣周六——直到复活节守夜礼。 In the Roman Rite, it goes from Ash Wednesday to the Wednesday of Holy Week, and then the Triduum stands alone—Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday—until the Easter Vigil.
斯科特·凯恩斯写道，四旬期由许多正式的、多半是「不可做」的规定组成。 Scott Cairns writes that Lent consists of a number of formal, predominantly negative rules and prescriptions.
例如，圣灰星期三不能吃肉；四旬期的每个星期五也不能吃肉。 You can't eat meat on Ash Wednesday; you can't eat meat on Fridays of Lent.
有很多「不准」的事。大家都会问：「你今年要放弃什么？」 There's a lot of no's. What are you going to give up?
每个人都这么问：「你今年要戒掉什么？」 Everybody asks that: What are you giving up this year?
但他接着说，我们对教会真正精神的疏离程度很深，以至于难以理解四旬 期中还有别的东西，如果没有那东西，这些规定就会失去大部分意义。 But he goes on to say such is the degree of our alienation from the real spirit of the Church that it's almost impossible for us to understand that there is something else in Lent, something without which all these prescriptions lose much of their meaning.
而那个「别的东西」是一种完全不同的心态。 And that something else is another disposition altogether.
亚历山大·施美曼神父形容这是一个氛围、一种气候、一种心灵、灵魂与精神的状态。 Father Alexander Schmemann characterizes it as an atmosphere, a climate, a state of mind, soul, and spirit.
这才应该在四旬期里发生的事，这也是为什么在东方礼我们称之 为「光明的忧伤」。这是一个悔改的时节，同时又带着光亮。 That's what should be happening during Lent, and that's why in the East we call it bright sadness, because it is a penitential season, but there's also brightness.
其中也该有喜乐。 There should be joy with it as well.
四旬期可以成为一个动力和强而有力的方式，让我们即使在地上 生活，也能进入天主的国度，以截然不同的方式经历神的国。 Lent can become an incentive and a powerful means by which we can enter the Kingdom of God, even as we're living here on Earth, to experience the Kingdom of God in a radically different way.
因此，「光明的忧伤」与温柔的心相连。 So bright sadness is connected with tenderheartedness.
「光明的忧伤」与温柔的心连在一起——神的温柔与怜悯 ，一颗慈悲的心，让神充满爱的面容与我的面容相望。 Bright sadness is connected with tenderheartedness—God's tenderheartedness, compassion, a compassionate heart in which God's loving face looks at my face.
我的脸正注视着神的脸。 My face is looking at God's face.
这就是四旬期期间每天都该发生的事——我被礼仪的力量、祈祷 的力量，以及教堂中特别的音乐所改变，尤其在拜占庭礼中。 That's what should happen every day of Lent—that I am so transformed by the power of the liturgy, by the power of my prayers, by the power of the music in church that is so different, and especially in the Byzantine Rite.
四旬期的音乐是独一无二的；其他时候我们不会这样做——我与 神面对面，祂充满怜悯与爱的面容注视着我，直抵我的灵魂。 The Lenten music is unique; we don't do it any other time of the year—that I am looking at God face to face, His all-compassionate, loving face looking at my face and into my face, right to get into my soul.
因此，从内在且深度个人的层面开始——让自己被祈祷的诗句、礼仪的旋律所触动— —目的是成为同理心、怜悯、宽恕的源头，并透过办告解来获取并接受神的宽恕。 So what begins as something inward and deeply personal—letting myself be touched by the poetry of the prayers and the melodies in the liturgy—is meant to be a source or a wellspring of empathy, of mercy, of forgiveness, of getting God's forgiveness by going to confession and accepting His forgiveness.
有时候我觉得我们并不真的相信神会宽恕我，也不相信神愿意宽恕我。 Sometimes I don't think we accept that God forgives me, that God is willing to forgive me.
我常说，在办告解中最不愿听到的话之一是有人说：「我不认为神能宽恕我所做的事。」 I always say one of the worst things to hear in confession is somebody saying, I don't think God can forgive me for what I did.
但这不对，因为只要我对自己所做的事感到忏悔，神就会宽恕我，而且祂也想这么做。 And that's not true, because if I'm sorry for what I did, then God will forgive me, and He wants to.
关键就在这里：祂想要宽恕我。 That's the kicker: He wants to forgive me.
所以过四旬期，也就是反思神那治愈的怜悯，能把 我从罪的习惯中拯救出来，并让我体验无限的爱。 So to have Lent, you know, is to think about God's healing mercy that can deliver me from the habit of sin, you know, to experience love without limits.
我们常说「神就是爱；住在爱里的人，就住在神里面，神也住在他里面。」 We always say God is love; He abides in love, abides in God, and God in Him.
可我们常常只是听过就算，没有真正让它触动我们。 But we can kind of let that, you know, slide over us.
我认为那是没有极限的爱。 I think it's a love without limits.
神的爱没有限制。 God's love has no limit.
神不断地把自己倾倒出来。 God is constantly pouring Himself out.
这就是恩典的含义。 That's what grace is.
祂时刻在倾注祂自己。 He's always pouring Himself out.
在福音里没有任何地方耶稣会说：「你知道吗？」 Nowhere in the Gospel does Jesus say, You know what?
「我只为少数几个人做这些。」 I'm only doing this for a few people.
在最后的晚餐，祂并没有说：「只要你们这些人这样做来纪念我。」 He doesn't say at the Last Supper, Do this, you know, in memory of me.
「你们十二个人才做。」 You know, do this for the 12th.
「哦等等，我们现在只剩十一位，因为犹大要下地狱了。」 Oh wait, we're down to 11 because Judas is going to hell.
祂并没有那样说。 He doesn't do that.
祂也没说：「我只为极少数人做。」 He doesn't say, You know, I'm doing it for a few, a handful.
祂说的是为许多人。 He says, You know, it's for the many.
祂为众人而做。 He does it for the many.
祂在十字架上不是这样死去，而是双臂大开地死去。 He doesn't die on the cross like this; He dies on the cross like that.
所有人都被邀请进来。 Everybody is invited in.
我们全都被邀请共同进入十字架的奥秘，为了投入十字架并穿越十字架走向复活。 We're all invited into the mystery of the cross together in order to enter into the cross and come through the cross to the resurrection.
在复活节主日，教会通常都人满为患，希望如此。但我也真心希望在耶稣受难日那天 教会一样人多，因为如果你在主受难日没有去，那复活节主日来又有什么意义呢？ The Church is always packed on Easter Sunday, hopefully, but I really want it to be packed also on Good Friday, because what's the point of coming on Easter Sunday if you haven't been there on Good Friday?
如果我没有走过十字架、没有进入十字架、没有 穿越十字架，就没办法明白复活的喜乐和力量。 I can't understand the joy and power of the resurrection if I haven't walked the cross and come into the cross to go through the cross.
所以，在日课经文中，再次祈求：「用你不打盹的眼目看着我。」 So in the Divine Office, again, look upon me with Your eyes that do not sleep.
这是灵魂对神说：「用你不打盹的眼目看我吧，怜悯 你那懒散酣睡、在情欲床上成为享乐奴仆的仆人。」 This is the soul talking to God: Look upon me with Your eyes that do not sleep and have pity on Your servant who has fallen into laziness and sleep and has become the slave to pleasure upon the bed of passions.
「你在十字架上低下头；你在坟墓里经历死亡的长眠，从而驱散了罪恶的黑夜。」 You bowed Your head on the cross; You slept the sleep of death in the tomb, thus dispelling the dark night of sin.
「公义的光啊，我的灵魂啊，在禁食和泪水中去追寻那洁 净之杯的醴，因为它给心灵带来喜乐，并驱散情欲。」 O Light of righteousness, O my soul, seek the wine of the purifying cup in fasting and tears, for it brings joy to the heart and dispels the passions.
「它能使肉身的火炉化为灰烬。」 It reduces the furnace of the flesh to ashes.
「渴望与那为你被钉十字架的基督同被钉十字架。」 Seek to be crucified with Christ, who was nailed to the cross for you.
「你就能找到永生。」 You will find eternal life.
「渴望与那为你被钉十字架的基督同被钉十字架。」 Seek to be crucified with Christ, who was nailed to the cross for you.
「你将找到永生。」 You shall find eternal life.
「光明的忧伤」是我被放逐的忧伤，是我虚度人生的忧伤。 Bright sadness is the sadness of my exiles, of the waste I made of my life.
而神临在与宽恕的光亮——那就是光明。 You know, the brightness of God's presence and forgiveness—that's the brightness.
那也是忧伤所在。 That's the sadness.
你知道如果熟悉「万福圣母」，我们在那里面说——这是由叙利亚的 圣艾弗冷在公元300年代写的——「在我们流亡之中」，对吗？ You know, if you know the Hail Holy Queen, we say in the Hail Holy Queen, which is written by St. Ephraim the Syrian back in the 300s, that, you know, in this our exile, right?
由于原罪，我们被放逐，远离天国，也远离我们真正的家。 We're exiled from heaven; we're exiled from our true home by original sin.
但那不是永久的放逐——我们能重新找回对神的渴望与神 的宽恕所带来的喜乐，还有找回归家后那平安的光明。 But it's not a permanent exile—the brightness of God's presence and forgiveness, the joy of the recovered desire for God and the peace of the recovered home.
这才是四旬期要把每个人带领到的地方——我所归属的家。 That's what men should be leading each of us to—to the home where I belong.
安德鲁·莫比神父写道，正是这份忧伤贯穿漫长而疲惫 、却无比庄严的四旬期礼仪，也不断呼唤我们悔改。 Father Andrew Morby writes that it is sadness that permeates the Lenten season with its long, fatiguing, magnificent liturgical services, its constant call to repentance.
但这份忧伤中却掺入深切的喜乐，只有泪水才能充分表达——那是对即将来临的荣 耀与平安的渴望之泪，是对重新找回的家的渴望之泪，在那里圣父以无限深厚的宽 恕之爱拥抱我们每一个浪子。我们将信赖和希望都寄托在耶稣基督身上，祂是我们 渴望的源头，也是终极目标，是阿尔法和欧米伽，我们最深渴望的开端与终点。 But it is a sadness that is leavened by a deep joy that only tears can adequately express—tears of longing for the glory and peace to come, for the recovered home where the Father embraces each of us, each of us His prodigal children, with a boundless depth of forgiving love—to place our trust and hope in Jesus Christ, who is the source of our longing, and He's the end of our longing, the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end of our deepest longing.
我需要从什么当中被拯救？ What do I need to be saved from?
我需要被释放的罪是什么？ What is the sin I have to be delivered from?
这就是你在即将到来的周末该问自己的问题。 That's the thing to ask yourselves in this coming weekend.
究竟什么是我必须求救、被拯救的？ What is it I have to be saved from?
我要从哪种罪中得到解脱？ What sin do I have to be delivered from?
我真正想把哪种不良行为改变成什么？ What am I really passionate about converting a bad behavior into?
我们常常问：「你四旬期要放弃什么？」 You know, we always say, What are you going to give up for Lent?
我一般吃得都蛮严格。有一年，一个辅祭男孩在 祭衣间问我：「神父，你四旬期要放弃什么？」 I'm on a generally strict diet, and one year one of the altar boys asked me in the sacristy, he said, Father, what are you giving up for Lent?
我还没回答，另一个辅祭男孩就说：「他没结婚，也不能喝酒，好吃的东西也不吃。」 And before I could answer, one of the other altar servers said, He's not married; he can't drink; he doesn't eat any of the good stuff.
「你还想让他四旬期放弃什么？」 What the heck do you want him to give up for Lent?
我说：「我还是能放弃一些东西的，好吗？」 I said, I can still give up stuff, you know?
我也没那么无可救药。 Not that lost of a cause.
不过我所要放弃的，应该是真正带来问题的东西，让我的灵魂陷入困扰的东西。 But what I give up should be something that is problematic, something that is causing my soul a problem.
关键就是不要再回到你放弃的东西，而要用新的、好的东西来取代它。 The key then is don't go back to whatever I gave up, but replace it with something new, something good.
就像我在院子里挖了个洞，不会就让那个洞一直在那里。 If I dig a hole in the yard, I don't leave a hole.
人们走来走去会绊倒，会掉进洞里，对吧？ People are going to walk around, and they're going to trip, and they're going to fall into the hole, right?
然后你会被告，因为他们都会找律师，他们会摔断脚踝，你当初在想什么呢？ And then you're going to have a lawsuit because, you know, they all get lawyers, and they all get broken ankles, and what were you thinking?
好吗？ All right?
所以如果我要在灵魂里挖掉某些东西，就要把别的东西填补进去。 So if I'm going to dig a hole into my soul to dig out something, put something in it.
院子里的洞要用泥土填好，种上植物、树或其他东西——新的、有生命的、美好的东西。 The hole in the yard has got to be filled with dirt, has to be filled with a plant, with a tree, something—something new, something that's alive, something that is beautiful.
这道理是一样的：我要放弃什么，就放弃那些我知道不该再回去碰的东西。 Same thing with this: If I'm going to give up something, give up something that I know I should not go back to.
我清楚自己不该再回头。 I know I should not go back to it.
至少要用罪的反面去替代罪。 At the very least, you know, to replace a sin with its opposite.
如果我的问题是生气或想报复，比如我想对公司里那个让人厌烦的家 伙报仇，那我就要学会尊重那人，并视他为值得神所赐尊严的人。 If my problem is I have a problem with anger, or I like to get even, or I like to get revenge on that schnook at work—that's what I really want to do—I have to treat the schnook with respect and as a person worthy of God's dignity.
如果我沉迷酒精而酗酒，或者老是抽大麻，那是谁在为此受苦呢？ If I get lost in alcohol and I'm drinking too much, or I'm getting stoned all the time on marijuana, who has been suffering because of that?
很可能是我所爱的人。 Someone I love, probably.
如果我要放弃那些东西，就该用与那个需要我爱的、思念我的人共度时光来替代。 And if I'm going to give up that, then I should replace it with spending time with that person who needs my love and has been missing me.
如果我沉溺于色情，这是当今非常常见的事，就要把沉溺那 里的所有精力转为热爱神、热爱朋友、向他人伸出关爱。 If I'm hooked on porn, which is such a common thing nowadays, if I'm hooked on that, replace it—all that energy that you throw into the porn, throw that energy into loving God passionately, into loving friends passionately, into reaching out to others.
把那个洞填起来！ Fill the hole!
想想为什么我会有那个洞。 Figure out why I have that hole.
为什么我老是回到同一个罪的坑里？ Why do I go back to that hole all the time with that sin?
如果我的罪是咒骂，学会赞美神、学会口出善言，说好话就是替代的方法。 You know, if my sin is swearing or cursing, you know, learning to praise God and to speak kindly and to speak well.
曾经在健身房有人跟我说：「神父，你知道最强壮的肌肉是什么吗？」 I had a guy tell me at the gym once, he says, You know what the strongest muscle is, Father?
我原以为是肱二头肌吧？ I'm thinking, I don't know, biceps?
我不确定，我真的不知道。 Beats me, I don't know.
他说：「是舌头！」 And he says, The tongue!
「用舌头你能行很多善，也能行很多恶。」 You can do so much good, and you can do so much bad with the tongue.
「虽然它搬不动任何重物，但是，神父啊，我可以 用它做出很大的伤害，也能用它做很多好事。」 Can't lift any weights with it, but boy, Father, I can do real damage or I can do great things with my tongue.
真是大开眼界！ What an eye-opener!
你可以在任何地方学到福音，比如在餐馆、在健身房，都可以。 You can learn the Gospel all kinds of places, you know, in a restaurant, in a gym, whatever.
因此，如果四旬期是个停止某些行为并用别的事物 替代的机会，那就好好在这基础上再继续成长。 So if Lent is the opportunity to stop something and to replace it with something, then build up on that.
花更多时间和我所爱的人在一起。 Just spend time with the people I love.
如果我要戒烟，每次想点烟、想闻烟味，或者饭后想 抽根烟时，就要提醒自己：「我为什么要这么做？」 If I'm giving up smoking, every time when I want to light up a cigarette, or I want to smell the smoke, or have a taste of a cigarette after eating, I have to remind myself, Why am I doing this?
「我为什么要这样？」 Why am I doing this?
不仅仅是为了与我所爱的人交流，也不仅仅是为了摆脱某种罪或改掉坏习惯 ，而是为了这件事：我要与耶稣基督救赎的苦难结合起来。祂从最后的晚餐 到十字架上尝那醋沾海索布之前，滴水未进，都是为了拯救我的灵魂。 Not just for that sake of connecting with the people I love, not just for the sake of getting rid of a particular sin, not just for cleaning up my act, but for this: I am going to do this in union with the saving passion of Jesus Christ, who ate and drank nothing from the Last Supper until He tasted the sponge on the hyssop on the cross for my sake, so as to save my soul.
这就是我们为什么要做补赎，为什么要做补赎祈祷 ，为什么要有忏悔仪式，为什么要守斋与克己。 That's why we have penance; that's why we have penitential prayers; that's why we do penitential services; that's why we fast and abstain.
每当我这样做的时候，譬如今天不吃饼干，因为此刻我正让自己与主结合。 Every time I do that, you know, I'm not going to have the cookies today because I'm uniting myself now.
看似只是小事——不吃饼干——其实我正在亲身与耶稣基督赐生命的苦难连结在一起。 And it seems something as small as that—not having the cookies—I am personally uniting myself with the life-giving passion of Jesus Christ.
我此刻亲身在进行。 I am personally doing that right now.
如果我放弃巧克力、啤酒、甜点等等，就是在守斋。 If I'm giving up chocolate or beer or dessert or whatever, I'm fasting.
这是一种斋戒的形式。 It's a form of fasting.
我为什么要这样禁食？ Why am I fasting?
这些东西确实给我带来快乐与享受，但我也可能因此过 度专注于它们，忘了我即使放弃它们，依然能够生活。 Those things bring me pleasure, and they bring me joy, but also I can be so overly focused on those things and forget that when I give them up, I can still live.
人不单靠饼而活。 Man does not live by bread alone.
守斋或克己总是要有理由的。 Fasting or abstinence always has to be done for a reason.
最糟糕的就是有人说：「哦对啊，今年四旬期我要减重10磅。」 One of the worst things is when people say, Oh yeah, I'm going to lose 10 pounds this year because of Lent.
我也确实能减掉10磅，可这并不是因为四旬期。 I could afford to lose 10 pounds, but that's not going to happen because of Lent.
那并不是四旬期的目标。 That's not the goal of Lent.
四旬期的目标是为了我内心的归正。 The goal of Lent is for the conversion of my heart.
四旬期的目标是为罪人的得救。 The goal of Lent is for the salvation of sinners.
法蒂玛圣母说过，没有人替罪人祈祷。 Our Lady of Fatima said nobody prays for sinners.
想想所有你认识的离开教会的人。 Think of all the folks you know that have drifted away from the Church.
想想你在电视或新闻里看到的那些事。 Think of the stuff you see on TV, on the news.
这些人都需要祈祷。 These people all need prayer.
我在新闻里看到有人拥有一个美丽的圣徒的名字，但他们却犯了可怕的 罪。我就想，当那孩子出生时，父母给了他那个名字，他们绝不会说： 「是啊，我们给他这个名字，好让他二十年后上某个频道犯案见报。」 You know, I see people on the news, and they have a beautiful saint's name, and they've done a terrible crime, and I say to myself, You know, when that kid was born and those parents gave that kid, you know, that name, they weren't saying, 'Yeah, let's give him that name because he's going to be on Channel 4 in 20 years.'
他们对那个孩子、对那个小宝贝是怀有希望和梦想的。 They had hopes and dreams for that person, for that little baby.
只要我们为罪人的归正来奉献种种牺牲，并始终与我们的主耶 稣基督的苦难结合，我们就能为人带来如此多的归正和医治。 There's so much conversion and healing that we can achieve for people by offering it up for the conversion of sinners and always, always, always, always in union with the passion of our Lord Jesus Christ.
现在，他们要做的这个仪式，就是圣艾弗冷的祈祷。 So what these folks are going to do is this is the prayer of St. Ephraim.
我提过，圣艾弗冷是「万福圣母」的原创作者。 I mentioned St. Ephraim is the original composer of Hail Holy Queen.
圣艾弗冷是教会圣师。 St. Ephraim is a Doctor of the Church.
他是叙利亚的执事，圣艾弗冷写了这段祈祷文， 在拜占庭礼中，我们贯穿整个四旬期都在诵念。 He was a Syrian deacon, and St. Ephraim composed this prayer, and in the Byzantine Rite, we say this all through Lent.
我们要做的就是，当所有人都拿到它时，一起诵念 ，然后我会为你们解释圣艾弗冷为什么这样写。 So what we're going to do is once everybody has it, we're all going to say it together, and then I'm going to break it down for you as to why he wrote what he wrote.
好吗？ Okay?
准备好了吗？ Ready?
好了，大家一起念：「主啊，我生命的君王，求你使我 远离冷漠、沮丧、对权力的贪欲，以及虚妄的话语。」 All right, so all together: O Lord and Master of my life, keep from me the spirit of indifference and discouragement, lust of power, and idle chatter.
「反而将健全、谦卑、忍耐和爱的心赐给你仆人。」 Instead, grant to me, Your servant, the spirit of wholeness, humility, patience, and love.
「主啊，万王之王，赐我恩典，让我能觉察自己的罪，而不去论断我的弟兄。」 O Lord and King, grant me the grace to be aware of my sins and not to judge my brother.
好的，现在让我们开始吧，以免我中途忘了我们要做什么。 Okay, so let's start now so I don't forget in between what we do.
如果你有机会来我们教堂，而且你要遵循——你可以保留那张圣卡，好吗？ If you ever come to our church, and if you're going to keep—you’re welcome to keep the holy card, all right?
你可以在四旬期期间使用，也可以全年使用。 And to use this during Lent, and you can use it all year long.
它并不限于四旬期这段时间。 It's not restricted to just Lent.
在那些空隙之间，你就是要行大拜礼。 It's in between where those little gaps are is you do a prostration.
如果你在家里做，你就划十字圣号。 So if you're doing this at home, you just make the sign of the cross.
要么深深鞠躬，要么双膝跪下，把头贴地，或者干脆趴在地上都行，总之你要行大拜礼。 You either bow down deeply, or you get on your knees and put your head down, or you lay flat on the floor, you know, whatever works, but you do the prostration.
所以，「主啊，Kyrios」——神就是主。 So O Lord, Kyrios—God is the Lord.
当犹太人不再称呼神的圣名时，他们用「Adonai」这词，就是「主」。 When the Jews no longer said the holy name of God, they used the word Adonai, Lord.
因此，「Kyrios」「主」是我整个存在所依赖的那一位。 So Kyrios, Lord, is someone on whom I depend for my entire existence.
这就是为什么我们称神为主，主宰与主人。 That's why we call God Lord, Lord and Master.
正如经文所说，我们的眼目应当仰望主的手，因为祂是那一位。 He's the one, it says in Scripture, that our eyes should be on the hands of the Lord.
我们的眼目应当像仆人仰望主人之手、婢女仰望主母之手一样常常仰望主。 Our eyes should be on the Lord like the eyes of a servant are on the hands of their master, you know, the handmaid on the hands of her mistress—that we're looking always to them.
所以，祂是我整个人生所倚靠的那一位，也是我生命的主人。 So He is the one on whom my whole existence depends, and He is the one who is the Master of my life.
神对我的生命拥有完全的掌管，也是我所依赖的那位。 God has complete control of my life, and God is the one on whom I depend.
「使我远离冷漠的心」——或许我们这时代最大的 罪之一，就是对宗教的冷漠，以及对他人的冷漠。 Keep from me the spirit of indifference—probably one of the greatest sins of our age is religious indifference and indifference to others.
你常会在 YouTube 上看到一些影片，他 们故意设计一个场景，让某个需要帮助的人出现。 You know, you always see these little clips on YouTube, you know, where they try and stage something where there's some poor soul in need of help.
会有多少人就这么走过去呢？ How many people walk by?
很多人就这么走掉了。 A lot of people will walk by.
我们对有需要的人变得非常擅长无动于衷，而且有时甚至对我们所爱的人也是如此。 We have become very good at being indifferent to those in need, even sometimes to the people we love.
还有沮丧——别放弃！ And discouragement—don't give up!
别放弃！ Don't give up!
切勿放弃！ Never give up!
神并没有放弃你。 God has not given up on you.
你为何要放弃你自己？ Why should you give up on you?
切勿放弃！ Never give up!
不要气馁！ Don't be discouraged!
所以，要使我远离这种心态。 So to keep that from myself.
对权力的贪欲——美国人确实很喜欢掌控一切。 Lust of power—one thing Americans really like is control.
我们从很小就被教导要掌握一切，可是在属灵的生活里，你没法完全掌控。 We are taught to be in control from a very early age, and the spiritual life, you can't be in control.
所有的使徒、那些虔诚的妇女，以及主在世时追随祂的人，都得放下 权力，跟祂一起走三年的路，因为他们极爱祂，也被祂深深吸引。 All of the apostles, all of the holy women, all of the people who followed our Lord during His lifetime, they had to give up power and walk with Him for three years, and they did it because they loved Him so much and were so drawn to Him.
对我们也一样——放下对权力与掌控的渴望。 Same thing for us—to give up that lust for power and control.
还有空谈废话——喋喋不休、叽叽喳喳个没完。 And idle chatter—yackety-yackety-yackety-yackety-yack.
我们也很擅长这样做。 We're very good at that too.
在这个国家，我们说得太多了。 We talk too much in this country.
当有来自东欧的人过来，他们就感到震惊，因为美 国人遇到新认识的人就会说：「嘿，你好吗？」 When I have had people come over from Eastern Europe, they're just stunned, you know, because Americans, you know, you meet somebody new, Hey, how are you?
「你在干什么？」 What are you doing?
「近况如何？」 How's things?
「你是做哪行的？」 What do you do for a living?
「噢，你喜欢那个颜色吗？」 Oh, do you like that color?
「噢，我也喜欢那个颜色！」 Oh, I like that color too!
对吧？ Right?
我们很擅长无聊的闲聊。 We're good at idle chatter.
我就说：「人们为什么总是问『你做什么工作的？』」 And I said, Why do people always ask, 'What do you do for a living?'
从来没有人问过我：「你是谁？」 Nobody ever asked me, Who are you?
每个人都想知道我的工作是什么。 Everybody wants to know what my job is.
他们全是修生，所以这个问题很快就得到回答了。 Well, they were all seminarians, so that was quickly answered.
所以，你呢，「你是谁？」 So, you know, Who are you?
我们从不去问别人：「你是谁？」 We never ask people, Who are you?
反过来，应该是回转，朝着另一个方向转去。 Instead, opposite—turn around, turn around in a different direction.
「赐给我，你的仆人，健全（完全）的心灵」，这是一个恩典。 Grant to me, it's a gift, Your servant, the spirit of wholeness.
我们都需要健全。 We all need wholeness.
谦卑的心态——在美国，我们并不会学太多这个。 Humble-mindedness—something else we do not learn as Americans.
谦卑，还有耐心。 Humility, patience.
在圣像里，圣人的鼻子常常画得很长，象征耐心，而嘴巴则画得很小。 In icons, in icons, the noses of the saints are always long as a sign of patience, and the mouths are always small.
他们只说要紧的、重要的话。 They only said what mattered, what was important.
谦卑、耐心与爱——「爱」在美式英语里是个被用得太随意的词。 Humble-mindedness, patience, and love—a word that we use too casually in American English.
我小时候在德英双语环境中长大，祖母很早就教我，只有对父母、对（大部分时 候）姐妹以及祖父母才会说「Ich liebe dich」（我爱你）。 When I was growing up, growing up bilingual in German and English, I was taught very early on by my grandmother that you only say Ich liebe dich (I love thee) to my parents, my sisters most of the time, and to my grandparents.
后来我去公立学校的幼儿园。回家时，我妈妈问我：「怎么样？」 And then I went to kindergarten in a public school, and I came home, and my mother said, So how was it?
我说：「他们都疯了！」 And I said, They're all crazy!
她说：「你说他们疯狂是什么意思？」 And she said, What do you mean they're crazy?
我说：「没有人会数超过十；他们只会说英文；没人会 说其他语言；没人会读书；而且他们超爱花生酱！」 And I said, Nobody could count beyond ten; they only speak English; nobody speaks any other language; nobody can read; and they love peanut butter!
「他们就是疯了！」 They're nuts!
「太疯狂了！」 They're crazy!
我当时还没意识到自己说的那句话是双关。 I didn't even realize the pun I made when I said that.
那时我才五岁左右。 I was only five or so.
爱是来自神的恩典。 Love is a gift from God.
谦卑也是来自神的恩典。 Humility is a gift from God.
耐心同样来自神的恩典。 Patience is a gift from God.
「主啊，」再一次，祂是我所依靠的那一位；祂是宇宙之王、基督君王、我 心的君王。求你赐给我恩典，使我能觉察自己的罪，而不论断我的弟兄。 O Lord, again, the one on whom I depend, and He, the King of the universe, Christ the King, the King of my heart, grant me the grace, the gift, to be aware of my sins and not judge my brother.
我们往往过度专注于别人的过失，而忘记了自己的。 We can be overly focused on the faults of others and forget about our own.
因为你自今直到永远是可称颂的。 For You are blessed now and forever.
这里祂把这话放在结尾是有原因的：「因为你自今直到永远是可称颂的。」 Now there's a reason why He puts that at the end: For You are blessed now and forever.
这一切都是因为神是受颂赞的。 All of this is because God is blessed.
神是圣洁的。 God is holy.
神是满有怜悯的。 God is merciful.
神是美善的。 God is good.
这就是我们为什么要有这段祈祷。 That's why we have this prayer.
我又要请你们再动动手了。 I'm going to put you to work again.
什么？ What?
你说什么？ What's that?
你真坏！ You're bad!
好的，所以，如果你想要的话，这里有一本小小的灵修祈祷书。 All right, so this is, if you want them, it's a little devotional prayer book.
如果你想学一些拜占庭礼的祈祷，以及我今晚提到 的一些内容，这本书里有开始四旬期时的祈祷。 If you want to learn some of the prayers from the Byzantine Rite and some of the things that I referred to tonight, it has a prayer for the beginning of Lent.
里面收录了圣艾弗冷的祈祷。 It has the prayer of St. Ephraim in it.
它也包含我们所说的「开始祈祷前的引导祈祷」。 It has what we call the introductory prayers that we say before we do anything.
接着还有第一时辰的祈祷——也就是你早上起床最先说的——第三时辰（早上九点） 、第六时辰（正午十二点）、第九时辰（下午三点）的祈祷，当然你也可以随时念。 And then it has prayers from the first hour, which is the first thing you would say in the morning, the third hour, which is at 9 o'clock in the morning, the sixth hour, which is 12 noon, and the ninth hour, which is 3 PM, although you can say them at any time.
这里面只是摘录了几个时辰的部分内容。 And it's just a couple of excerpts from those hours.
然后还收录了圣巴西流的感恩祭祷文。 And then it has the Eucharistic prayer of St. Basil.
罗马礼的第四号感恩经文就是依据圣巴西流的礼仪写成的。 Eucharistic prayer number four in the Roman Rite is based on this liturgy of St. Basil.
所以这本书里都包含了这些。 So it has all of that.
然后在最后，从第23页开始，有七篇苦悔圣咏。 And then at the very back, starting on page 23, are the seven penitential psalms.
圣奥古斯丁在临终时把这些圣咏贴在房间的墙上，这些是全年都会诵念的经典苦悔圣咏。 St. Augustine had these psalms posted on the walls of his room when he was dying, and these are the classic penitential psalms that are said throughout the year.
所以，如果你愿意，你可以拿这本书。 So if you want, you can take this if you want to have it.
封面上的那幅圣像被称为「圣颜」。 The icon that's on the cover says is the Holy Face.
这并不是「韦洛尼卡的面纱」，所以耶稣并没有戴荆棘冠，也没有血迹。 This is not the Veronica's Veil, so this is why Jesus is not in the crown of thorns and with blood.
这个故事是说，现今土耳其境内敘城（埃得萨）的阿布加王 患了重病，他派使者去找基督，希望耶稣来治好他的病。 The story is that King Abgar of Edessa, which is a city in Turkey now, sent his emissaries to Christ because he was suffering from a terrible disease, and he wanted Jesus to come and cure him.
而耶稣没有亲自去，祂只是把一块麻布贴在自己的脸上，再将那块印有 祂面容的麻布送回来，那块有圣颜的布就被供奉在埃得萨城墙门上方。 And instead, Jesus pressed a linen to His face and then sent the linen back so that linen with the face on it was actually enshrined in the gates above Edessa.
后来埃得萨被波斯人攻陷，那块布就被带到君士坦丁堡去了。 And then after Edessa fell to the Persians, they took that with them to Constantinople.
过去这块布就供奉在那里，我们在四旬期期间经常使用这个图像，因为我 一开始讲的就是——「面对面」，慈爱的面容与慈爱的面容相望——我们 注视主的面容，注意到祂长长的鼻子象征耐心，小小的嘴巴意味着只说要 紧的话，高高的额头象征智慧，以及祂的双眼——让我们注视祂的双眼。 So it used to be enshrined there, and we use this a lot during Lent because, again, what I started out with—the idea of, you know, face to face, compassionate, loving face to loving face—you know, that we look into the face of the Lord, looking, you know, see He's got the long nose of patience, the small mouth—what should be said is what's important, the high forehead for wisdom, and the eyes, you know, to look into the eyes.
当我注视你的双眼时，那就是灵魂之窗，也是我们彼此沟通的方式。 If I look into your eyes, you know, those are the windows of the soul, and that's how we make contact with each other.
相爱的人会彼此凝视，对耶稣基督也该如此。 People who are in love with one another look into the eyes of their beloved, and that's what we should be doing with Jesus Christ.
如果你想要，你可以带走那本书。 So you're welcome to take that, you know, if you want.
好的，另一个重点是耶稣祷文。 Okay, the other thing is that is the prayer of the Jesus prayer.
耶稣祷文就是：「主耶稣基督，神之子，怜悯我这罪人。」 So the Jesus prayer is Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me, a sinner.
非常简单。 Very simple.
它很容易学。 It's very easy to learn.
在《公教会教理》里是这样说的：耶稣祷文把《腓立比 书》里基督论的圣歌和税吏、盲人的呼求融合在一起。 And in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, it says this: that the Jesus prayer combines the Christological hymn from Philippians with the cry of the publican and the blind man begging for light.
借着它，人的内心对人性的悲苦与救主的怜悯敞开。 By it, the heart is opened to human wretchedness and the Savior's mercy.
呼求耶稣的圣名是最简单的祈祷方式。 The invocation of the holy name of Jesus is the simplest way of praying.
只要以谦卑专注的心经常重复祂的圣名，这祈祷就不会因为空泛的 言辞而失去意义，反而能坚定地依靠这话语，并以耐心结出果实。 Always, when the holy name is repeated often by a humbly attentive heart, the prayer is not lost by heaping up empty phrases but holds fast to the word and brings forth fruit with patience.
这随时都能做到，因为这不只是诸多事务中的一件，而是唯一 要务——爱神，它在基督耶稣内赋予并改变我们每一个行动。 It's possible at all times because it is not one occupation among others, but the only occupation—that of loving God—which animates and transfigures every action in Christ Jesus.
我们都被召唤要不住地祈祷。 We're all called to pray without ceasing.
保罗在《帖撒罗尼迦前书》第五章中这样说：「要常常喜乐，不住地祷告，凡事谢恩。」 St. Paul says this in 1 Thessalonians chapter 5: Rejoice always, pray without ceasing, give thanks in all circumstances.
这是神在基督耶稣里对你们的旨意。 This is the will of God in Christ Jesus for you.
那么真正的问题是：如何做到？ So the real question is how?
这简短的祈祷文「主耶稣基督，神之子，怜悯我这罪人」是四世 纪埃及的修士所创，并逐渐传播到教会各处，尤其是东方教会。 And this short prayer, Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me, a sinner, was created by the monks of the 4th century in Egypt, and then it spread throughout the Church, particularly in the East.
这祈祷的用意在于让我们更加亲近神。 And the idea is, you know, that we draw nearer to God.
叙利亚的圣依撒格说，除了增加祈祷外，没有别的方法能使我们更接近神。 St. Isaac of Syria says it's impossible to draw near to God by any other means other than by increasing my prayer.
圣西奥凡说，我们得时刻守住心思与内心。 And St. Theophan says, you know, we have to keep our mind and the heart at all times.
耶稣祷文是心灵之祷。 The Jesus prayer is the prayer of the heart.
那么，我要如何随时随地进行呢？ Now how do I do this, you know, all the time?
就是培养一个祈祷的节奏。 You develop a rhythm of prayer.
你只要逐渐养成这样的节奏。 You just develop a rhythm.
我有次去乌克兰，在喀尔巴阡山脉看到一个场景，这 景象在过去千年或更长的时间里随时都可能发生。 Now one time on one of my trips to Ukraine, so I'm up in the Carpathian Mountains, and this was a scene that could have taken place any time in the last thousand years or more.
有一家人正在田里干活，父亲握着由小马拉的犁 ，妻子跟在他后头，用木棍在犁过的土里挖洞。 There was a family working in their field, and the dad was holding on to the plow being pulled by the pony, and behind him was the wife, and she had a stick to dig a hole in the dirt where he had plowed.
再后面是女儿，她在洞里放种子。 And behind her was the daughter, and she was putting the seeds in the hole.
再后面有个小男孩，他把土盖回洞里。 And behind her was a little boy, and he was covering the hole with the dirt.
在他们家人的两侧是些鸡，当犁经过的时候，鸡就在翻出来的泥土中吃虫子。 And on either side of the family were the chickens, and they were eating the bugs that came up out of the dirt as the plow went through.
这种情景在任何时代都可能出现。 So it could have happened at any time.
但最特别的是，父亲在前面牵着犁时，就念：「主耶稣基督 ，神之子，」然后其他家人跟着说：「怜悯我这罪人。」 But what was so cool about it was as the dad was leading, and he was saying, Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, and then the rest of the family would say, Have mercy on me, a sinner.
「主耶稣基督，神之子，怜悯我这罪人。」 Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me, a sinner.
你可以看出这是他们的工作节奏。 And you could see this was their rhythm.
他们就是习惯这样做。 This was what they were used to doing.
他们根本不知道我在栅栏外面，更不用说我是美国来的神父。 They had no idea I was out there by the fence, let alone that I was an American priest.
这就是他们的生活方式。 This was their life.
那时候还不是四旬期，而是复活期，但他们就这样完全沉浸在祈祷里。 It wasn't Lent; it was the Paschal season, actually, and they were just immersed in this.
我当时想，我得继续赶路，后来一直遗憾没能回去找他们。 And I thought to myself, we had to go on, and I always regretted not being able to go back.
我要是能跟他们一起坐下，看看他们如何生活，那该多好。 I would have loved to have sat with them and see how they lived.
这位父亲用我们除了天主经、圣母经以外最古老的祈祷文来带领他 的家人，这多么美好、如此深刻，而且对他们来说又是如此平常。 What a cool way for that man to be leading his family in the most ancient prayer we have, other than the Our Father and the Hail Mary, and just so deep, and it was so normal.
对他们来说，这就是生活的常态。 It was just so normal for them.
这之所以被称为「心灵之祷」，是因为对犹太人来说，心是灵魂所在之处，对吗？ So it's called prayer of the heart because the idea is among the Jews, the heart is where the soul is, okay?
这不仅仅是用来输送血液的肌肉，对吧？ And it's not just the muscle pumping the blood, all right?
它也是各种情感的归宿。 But it's also where all the emotions are.
就像我们会说：「我的心碎了」「我的心被充满」「我的心里想 着你，于是怦怦直跳」——所有这些情感都与这个器官相连。 I mean, we say, you know, My heart was broken, My heart is full, you know, I see you in my heart, It goes faster, because all those emotions, you know, are tied into this organ.
但它也象征人的最深核心，也就是我们的灵魂。 But it's the innermost core of the human being, you know, it's our soul.
因此，心就是神居住的地方。 So the heart is the place where God lives.
圣玛卡里乌说，心不过是小小的容器，但里面可能有龙、有狮子，甚至有毒物。 St. Macarius says the heart is but a small vessel, but dragons and lions are there, poisonous creatures.
一切邪恶的宝藏都可能藏在那里。 But all the treasures of wickedness can be there.
那里面也可能是颠簸曲折，但神也在那里。 It can be rough, uneven paths there, but there also is God.
也有天使、有天上的城、有恩典的宝藏——一切都在心中。 There are the angels, the heavenly cities, the treasures of grace—all things are in the heart.
因此，灵魂的住处就是耶稣基督的宫殿。 So the residence of the soul is the palace of Jesus Christ.
我的心就是耶稣基督的宫殿。 My heart is the palace of Jesus Christ.
那么，我这座「王宫」的状况如何？ What's the condition of my power?
耶稣渴望来到我们每个人心中。 Jesus desires to come to each one of us.
耶稣想要来到我们当中。 Jesus wants to come to us.
祂为什么如此渴望呢？为要 He desires—why?—to
使我们得以完满。 complete us.
在这离开天家的流放中，没有祂我们就是不完整的。 We are incomplete in our exile without Him.
耶稣向我们启示祂自己时，会显露祂的圣心，这是有原因的。 There's a reason that when Jesus reveals Himself, He reveals His Sacred Heart.
祂向我们显露祂的心。 He reveals His heart.
为什么呢？ Why?
因为我们应当与祂有心对心的对话。 We're supposed to speak heart to heart to Him.
祂的心总是显现出受伤的样子，对吗？ His heart is always shown wounded, right?
耶稣圣心通常带着被长矛刺伤的创口，对吧？ The Sacred Heart is shown with the spear wound in it, right?
那支刺透祂肋旁的枪刺穿了祂的身体直达祂的心。 The lance that pierced His side tore through the body into the heart.
那么，从那伤口流出了什么？ And then what comes out of the wound?
血和水。 Blood and water.
它们是如何流出的？ How does it come out?
约翰用一个特别的词：是「流淌出来」。 John uses a specific word: it pours.
是汹涌地流出；不是一点点地滴出来。 It pours out; it doesn't trickle out in a little tiny dribble.
而是奔流出来。 It gushes out.
祂的生命在十字架上奔流而出。 His life gushes out on the cross.
对我而言，祂的心在汹涌地倾注；祂的心受了创伤， 我的心也受了创伤，我们每个人的心都受过创伤。 So in a gushing out to me, you know, His heart is wounded; my heart is wounded; all of our hearts are wounded.
我们都已有某种伤口。 We all have some kind of wound already.
祂的心总是呈现火焰般燃烧的样子，对吧？ His heart has always shown with the flames coming out of it, right?
在耶稣圣心的图像里，我的心也该燃烧——不仅要对神所赐给我去爱的人燃烧， 也要对我的父母、祖父母、兄弟姐妹燃烧，更要对神燃烧，满怀热情地燃烧。 In the Sacred Heart, my heart should be on fire too—not just with love for the person that God has sent to me to be in love with, not just for my parents, my grandparents, my sisters, my brother—to be on fire with love for God as well, to be passionately on fire.
祂的心是神的内室，我们被邀请进入那里面；穿越祂神圣的身体，进入那神的内 室，那里没有痛苦，没有悲伤，没有哀恸，只有喜乐、爱、接纳和灵魂的渴望。 His heart is the divine inner chamber that we are invited to go into, that hole, and to travel through His Sacred Body into the divine inner chamber where there's no pain, there's no sorrow, there's no grief, but only joy and love and acceptance and desire.
这就是我们为什么而存在。 That's what we're here for.
祂想要我的心与祂的心相会，也渴望我的心为祂而燃烧，如同祂的心为我燃烧一样。 He wants my heart to come to His heart, and He wants my heart to be as on fire for Him as His heart is on fire for me.
这也应该是四旬期的目标之一。 And that should be a goal of Lent.
如果我现在还没有燃烧，那就要在复活主日时燃烧起来。 If I'm not on fire now, to be on fire by Easter Sunday.
如果我现在已经在燃烧，那就要在复活主日前燃烧得更旺。 If I am on fire now, to be even more on fire by Easter Sunday.
礼仪年提醒我们，一切都是彼此相连的。 The liturgical year is a reminder that everything is connected.
将临期不仅带我们走向圣诞节，也带我们走向主的洗礼与祂公开传道时的奇迹。 Advent does not just lead us to Christmas, but then to the baptism of the Lord and the miracles of His public life.
四旬期不仅带领我们走向复活节，也带领我们走向那五旬 期的应许，在那五十天里庆祝，并逐渐靠近圣灵降临节。 Lent does not lead us just to Easter, but to the promise of the Holy Spirit for the 50 days of celebration, drawing near to Pentecost.
接着在圣灵降临节，我首先被耶稣基督提升到新的生命中。 Then at Pentecost, that first I have been raised by Jesus Christ into new life.
然后在圣灵降临节，我们因圣灵获得力量去生活这新生命。 Then we are empowered by the Spirit on Pentecost to live that life.
在拜占庭礼里，圣灵降临节后的那个主日是众圣节， 因为那是纪念所有领受恩典而在世度圣洁生活的人。 In the Byzantine Rite, the Sunday after Pentecost is All Saints Day because that's all the men and women who have been transformed by grace to lead holy lives here on Earth.
接下来就是圣灵降临节期。 The Pentecostal season then follows.
所有圣灵降临节之后的主日都称为「圣灵降临节后第X主日」。 All the Sundays after Pentecost are called that Sunday after Pentecost.
现在罗马礼中，不知为何用了一个我认为并不好的名字：「常年期」。 In the Roman Rite now, for some reason, they came up with this, I think, terrible name: Ordinary Time.
因为你一听到「常年期」，就会想：「什么？」 Because you hear Ordinary Time, you think, What?
「就是普通吗？」 I mean, ordinary?
不！它本该是圣灵大能的时节。 No! It's supposed to be the time of the power of the Holy Spirit.
常年期本该是我们成长的时期、属灵成熟的时期，一个让基督的奥秘更深地渗 入历史、让我们都在耶稣基督内被提升，与整个历史一起走向那目标的时期。 Ordinary Time is supposed to be a time for growth, a time for spiritual maturity, a time in which the mystery of Christ is called to penetrate more deeply into history so that we're all caught up and lifted up in Jesus Christ, that all of history is directed to that.
因此，在常年期的尽头到来的就是基督君王庆日。 So that what comes at the end of Ordinary Time is Christ the King.
在罗马礼里，就是这样结束常年期的。 That's how in the Roman Rite you end Ordinary Time.
再一次联想到圣艾弗冷的祈祷：「主啊，我生命的主人，主宰与君王」——这正是我们 在四旬期所迈向的目标：四旬期要将我带向基督君王，并在圣灵的大能中得以改变。 Again, you know, from the prayer of St. Ephraim: Lord, Master of my life, Lord and King—that's where we're headed for in Lent, that Lent should be leading me to Christ the King, to be transformed in the power of the Holy Spirit.
所以，最后，去诵念圣艾弗冷的祈祷吧。 So in closing, take up the prayer of St. Ephraim.
运用耶稣祷文。 Use the Jesus prayer.
这是一个非常容易学习并背诵的祈祷文，你可以一遍又一遍地重复。 It's a very easy prayer to learn, to memorize, and one that you can repeat over and over.
你可以用念玫瑰经的珠子来念这祈祷文，把「万福圣母」的小珠 用来念耶稣祷文，接着在该念「愿荣耀归于圣父」的地方改念「 万福圣母」，然后就这样绕一圈，这是一种维持节奏的好方法。 You can say it on your rosary beads, you know, use the Hail Mary beads for the Jesus prayer, and then where you would say the glory be, you can say the Hail Mary, and then you just go, you know, just go right around, and it's a good way of keeping the rhythm.
最后你就会像乌克兰山坡上那一家人一样，让它成为生活的日常。 You end up like that family in Ukraine on that hillside, you know, where it becomes a normal part.
并且，从今年开始走上一段旅程——让今年的四旬期不只是 在复活主日结束，而是我今后整个人生都要行走的旅途。 And to embark on a journey this year—make this year a Lent that doesn't end on Easter Sunday, but a journey that I am ready to go on for the rest of my life.
这么做了之后，就如诺里奇的朱利安所说：「一切都会好起来。」 Do that, and as Julian Norwich says, all things will be well.
对你会好起来，对我会好起来，对我们会好起来，对我们周 围的人会好起来，对于作为基督奥体的公教会也会好起来。 They'll be well for you; they'll be well for me; they'll be well for us; and they'll be well for those around us, and they'll be well for the body of Christ, which is the Catholic Church.
非常感谢大家！ So thank you very much!
谢谢你们！ Thank you!
有没有什么问题？ Got any questions?
有没有除「圣灰从哪来」以外的问题？ Any questions other than where do ashes come from?
哦，好，好的。 Oh, okay, yeah.
哦，Tapia先生，你好！ Oh, Mr. Tapia, hello!
有时候我觉得神的怜悯似乎并不存在。 Sometimes I feel like God's mercy is not.
即使我一次次犯罪，祂依然会宽恕我吗？ Does He still forgive you even though you're falling back into sin?
那在你去领告解前，怎么想？ Before you go to confession, what?
是的。再说一次，基督并没有说：「我去上十字 架，只是为那些将来会变得完美的人。」对吧？ Yeah, again, Christ doesn't say, Going to the cross, I'm only doing this for the people that are going to be perfect, right?
没有人是完美的；每个人都会犯罪。 Nobody is perfect; everybody sins.
是的，我们本该更了解自己。 Yes, we should know better.
就像你说的，我们今晚聚在这里，是因为我们想努力做个有信仰的人。 As you said, we're all here tonight because we try to be men and women of faith.
但在这信仰的旅程中，我们都会跌倒；都会犯错。 But in that journey of faith, we're all going to fall; we're all going to make mistakes.
神的怜悯永远、永远、永远、永远、永远都与你同在。 God's mercy is always, always, always, always, always there, always there for you.
当你真心痛悔时，你就再次打开了回到神的内室、与祂合而为一的那扇门。 You make that act of contrition; you have reopened the door to going back on the journey into that divine inner chamber and being one with Him.
我们的流放会随着死亡而结束，当我们最终进入天堂时，我们的流放就结束了。 Our exile ends with death, and when we finally get to heaven, then our exile ends.
绝不要放弃；绝不要以为神转过脸不理你了。 Don't ever give up; don't ever think that God has turned His heart against you.
这正是身为基督徒的美好之处。 That's the great thing of being a Christian.
你知道，穆斯林为神列了99个名字，但其中没有「父亲」「爱」或「怜悯」。 You know, the Muslims have 99 names for God; none of them are Father, Love, or Mercy.
而我们有一位如父一般热切爱我们的神。 We have a Father who loves us passionately.
绝不要放弃，也别觉得一切都完了，好吗？ Don't ever give up or think that it's all over, okay?
这真的很重要，好吗？ That's really important, okay?
好的？ Yeah?
最近我在灵修上有点停滞不前，没什么进展，只是在勉强往前混。 So recently, I kind of felt stuck in my spiritual life, not making progress, just kind of drifting along.
我坐在圣体龛前，有点像在等候，等候下一次的恩典。 Sitting in front of the tabernacle, just kind of waiting, just kind of waiting for that next grace.
我不知道这是干枯期，还是在等候神的话语。那你对四旬期期间有什么建议吗？ I don't know if it's a period of desolation or a period of just kind of waiting for the Word of God, but what would your advice be going into Lent?
就是没有真正感到灵性上的进步或成长或成熟？ You know, just not having really felt that spiritual progress or that growth or that maturity?
我们也不是要勉强去做，但在这些阻碍之下，该如何与基督更深入地建立关系并成长呢？ Not that we're going to force that, but how can we still grow and grow deeper in relationship with Christ in spite of kind of those blockages?
我想先确保大家都听清楚你的问题。 So I just want to make sure that they heard, so that everybody heard.
你现在正面对一种卡住的时期或感觉没有进展，想要些建议，对吧？ Dealing with a period of blockage or not feeling like making progress would be the advice for going into that.
我喜欢用台阶或楼梯来比喻灵修生活。 So an image I like to use for the spiritual life is steps, like a staircase.
我往上爬，到达某个阶段，然后就进入停滞的平台期。 I climb and I get to a certain point, and then I plateau.
一开始的平台期是不错的；是个好位置。 At the beginning of the plateau, it's a good plateau; it's a good spot.
现在你往平台走到更深处，就会觉得「我爬不上去了，我无法再攀升」。 Right now, you're further along the plateau and saying, I can't climb, I'm not able to climb.
对吧？ Right?
那该怎么办呢？ So what do I do?
首先，你不能放弃，因为这就是——我的意思是，这就是历程的一个部分。 First, you don't give up because this is just, I mean, it's just how it goes.
你到达某个阶段；就像伯多禄、雅各、约翰在他泊山上的经历。 You reach a certain point; it's like the Apostles Peter, James, and John on Tabor.
耶稣显了荣像；他们看见祂，看见摩西，也看见以利亚。 Jesus is transfigured; they see Him, they see Moses, they see Elijah.
然后伯多禄说：「主啊，让我们留在这里吧。」 And then Peter says, Lord, let us stay here.
「我要搭三个棚，一个给你，一个给摩西，一个给 以利亚。」因为他们不想离开，那地方太美好了。 I'm going to build three tents, one for You, one for Moses, one for Elijah, because they don't want to leave, because it's such a great place to be.
但是他们还是下了山，下山后发生了什么？ But then they come down the mountain, and when they come down the mountain, they come down and what happens?
他们遇到那位带着被邪灵附身儿子的父亲，门徒却无法赶出那邪灵。 They meet the father with the possessed boy, and the Apostles are not able to drive the demon out of the boy.
他们问：「为什么我们办不到？」 They said, Why can't we do this?
耶稣说：「只有借着祈祷和禁食，这样的邪灵才会出来。」 And Jesus says, This can only come out with prayer and fasting.
那么，我要怎样才能走上台阶，摆脱这种停滞的平台期，再度开始攀登呢？ So how do I get up the step and off of that stuck plateau and start climbing again?
祈祷与禁食。 Prayer and fasting.
就像我对这边那位说的，绝不放弃。 Just like I said to him over here, never give up.
你也别放弃。 Don't give up either.
坐在圣体龛前，这是世上最有力量的地方之一。 Sitting in front of the tabernacle, that's one of the most powerful places to be on earth.
你想想，在那个燃着红灯的圣体面前；你能说：「耶 稣基督在此，带着祂的丰盛、荣耀、爱与热情」。 You know, He's in front of the Blessed Sacrament, to be in the presence of that red lamp burning and to see, you know, to say, You know, Jesus Christ is here in all His fullness and glory and love and passion.
祂就在那小小的遮帘后，坐在那里等我，也等你。 He's there, you know, behind that little veil, and He's sitting there waiting for me, and He is, and He's waiting for you.
你不能催逼，也不能勉强它发生。 And you can't push it; you can't force it.
不过我认为，祈祷与禁食是最重要的，尤其在这个特别的祈祷和禁食时节。 So, but I think, you know, the prayer and the fasting, and this is the season for prayer and fasting in particular.
我需要禁戒什么？ What do I need to fast from?
有没有什么东西阻碍了我，需要我在这方面禁戒？ Is there something I need to fast from that might be holding me back?
我是不是对什么物质层面的东西过度依恋了？ Have I let myself get too attached to something physical?
现在是省察自己的时机。接下来的一周里，花时间去做圣时吧。 This is the time for self-examination, and to do that for the next week, go take your time with the Holy Hour.
去圣体龛前，面对基督，好好静下来。 Go take your time in front of Christ in the tabernacle.
我需要被释放脱离的是什么？ What is it that I need to be freed of?
也许我该放下什么？ What do I need to let go of, maybe?
或者我需要紧抓住什么，才能更亲近你？ Or what do I need to grab hold of to be closer to You?
这也可以，不只是舍弃与放下，也包含抓紧该抓的东西。 It can be that too; it's not just letting go and giving up, it's also taking hold.
然后就坐着，保持安静。 And just sit and be quiet.
「你们要休息，要知道我是神。」 Be still and know that I am God.
我们所处的世界总是充斥着嘈杂与不断的闲谈。 Again, we live in such a noisy world with so much chatter all the time.
所以尝试一下，在接下来的几天里这么做，看看会有什么收获。 So try that, try that for the next few days and see what comes.
如果有人在四旬期期间努力想找到焦点，我会怎么对他说呢？ What would I say to someone who is struggling to find a focus for Lent?
也许我刚才对那位朋友说的那些，正好适合吧？ What I just said to him, maybe, eh?
抽出时间，去找一间开放的教堂或朝拜小堂，比如圣托马斯阿奎那堂。 Take time out, go find a church that's open or an adoration chapel, like at St. Thomas Aquinas.
也许你常常在新墨西哥大学（UNM）待得比你想 的还多，但你可以去纽曼中心，因为那整日开放。 You're down at UNM a lot more than you want to be sometimes, probably, but you can go into the Newman Center because that's open all day.
进去吧，在主面前安静下来。 Go in and be quiet in front of our Lord.
要知道，走进公教会教堂是最具力量的举动之一，因为基督的临在就在其中。 Going into a Catholic church is one of the most powerful things we can do because of the presence of Christ.
在公教会的教堂里，在那与耶稣及圣体同在的静默中，人心内所发生的事，别处无可比拟。 What happens inside a Catholic church in the silence of someone's heart in the presence of Jesus and the Blessed Sacrament does not happen anywhere else.
这在循道宗或路德宗等教堂都不可能出现，因为耶稣的圣体只有在那里。 It cannot happen in the Methodist church or Lutheran or anything, you know, because Jesus is there.
甚至，你走进去就能说：「耶稣就在这里。」 And even, you know, you can go in and say, You know, Jesus is here.
「主啊，帮助我。」 You know, help me, Lord.
「主啊，就帮助我。」 Just help me, Lord.
或者反复念耶稣祷文，然后就安静下来。我认为我们往往在静默中得到最佳的答案。 Or say the Jesus prayer over and over, and then just be still because it's when we're quiet, I think, that we get our best answers.
因为我们美国人又特别擅长制造嘈杂。 Because again, as Americans, we're so good at noise.
我们确实很会吵闹。 We're really good at noise.
好吗？ Okay?
这样有帮助吗？ Does that help?
好的，没问题。 Okay, all right.
你提到让我们的心更贴近耶稣的心。 You mentioned bringing your heart closer to Jesus' heart.
你还说到心不只是一个泵血的器官。 You even mentioned that the heart isn't just a muscle that pumps blood.
那如果有人对此难以理解，你会怎么说？ What would you say to someone who has a hard time understanding?
比方说，如果他们用科学的角度去理解，认为心只是一块泵血的肌肉 ，情感是大脑化学物质，那「贴近耶稣的心」真正意味着什么呢？ Like, if they have a scientific understanding of, well, the heart is a muscle that pumps blood and emotions are brain chemicals, so what does it really mean to be closer to the heart of Jesus?
那究竟「与耶稣的心更加亲近」是什么意思？ What does it mean to come close to the heart of Jesus?
心脏是把净化过的血液泵出去的器官。 It is the heart that pumps out purified blood.
你喜欢这个说法，对吧？ You like that, eh?
我要给它注册版权了。 I'm copywriting it.
别用了啊。 Don't use it.
心脏把干净的血液泵出去，所以血液先流经全身，再回到心脏，然后被泵出时就被净化。 The heart pumps out purified blood, so the blood comes through the body, goes to the heart, and comes out cleansed.
在某些圣餐奇迹中，当饼变成肉时，往往是心脏组织。 In a Eucharistic miracle, when a host turns to flesh, it is always flesh of the heart.
而且总是个受过创伤的心脏。 It is always a traumatized heart.
科学分析后发现，那确是受过创伤的心脏组织。 When they do the scientific analysis of it, it is a heart that has been traumatized.
科学家在报告里通常都会说：「这些组织来自一个受过极大痛 苦的人，且它属于左心室，那是负责泵出净化血液的部分。」 The scientists inevitably say in their report, This tissue is from someone who suffered a lot, and the tissue is from the left ventricle, which pumps out the purified blood.
你可以在灵修层面这样理解：「好的，如果我要从耶稣的创口进到神性 内室，来到祂的圣心——那颗受过创伤、却依然把血液泵出来的心。」 You can play with that spiritually to say, All right, if I'm coming in through the wound into the divine inner chamber to come to the Sacred Heart of Christ, His heart, which pumps out blood from that traumatized heart.
祂之所以创伤是因为祂爱我，而不是我造成祂的创伤。 And it's traumatized because He loves me, not I caused Him trauma.
这并不是要我背负罪疚，而是祂为了救我而受苦，因为祂爱我。 This isn't a guilt trip; it is that He suffered trauma in order to save me because He loves me.
而我在圣餐中所领受的体，以及从圣爵中所领受的宝血，就是那左心室所泵出的净化血液。 And the tissue that I receive in Holy Communion and the blood that I drink from the chalice is that left ventricle that pumped out purified blood.
「主耶稣啊，让我来到你面前，让我……」 Let me come to You, O Jesus, and let...
「让我从你那里被更新、被洁净、被转变出来。」 Me come out of you transformed and cleaned and renewed.
你懂了吗？ You see?
好的，这样解释就通了。 Okay, it makes sense.
好的。是的，你在开场时提到你也担任灵修指导。 Okay, yes, you mentioned in your introduction that you're also a spiritual director.
我的问题是：灵修指导到底是给哪些人？又是做什么的？ My question is, for whom are spiritual directors and what?
请再说一遍。 Say that again.
就是说，谁可以当灵修指导？ So, who are spiritual directors?
灵修指导又是为了谁？ Who are they for?
任何人都可以吗？ Anybody?
所有人吗？ Anybody?
我敢打赌，那乌克兰的一家人肯定也有灵修指导，这在教会里是很常见的事。 I'll bet you good money that that Ukrainian family had a spiritual director, and it was the norm in the Church.
我们没意识到这是个严重的错误——把灵修指导仅仅局 限于圣职人员和修會人士，而忽略了对平信徒的陪伴。 We don't realize that we made a terrible mistake of making spiritual direction reserved for clergy and religious and not ministering well to the laity.
这时候随行神父之类的角色就很有用。 This is where chaplains come in handy.
我父亲是个警察，他也确实有过一位灵修指导。 My dad was a policeman, and he actually had a spiritual director.
我当时并不知道，但警局的随行神父会花大量时间和 警察们在一起，陪他们、倾听他们、和他们共事。 I didn't know this, but the chaplain of the police department was he spent tons of time with the cops, sitting with them, listening to them, and working with them.
这过程一点都不吓人。 And it wasn't a big intimidating process at all.
他确实倾听、陪伴这些警察，这让他们保持身心平衡。 He really listened to them and walked with them, and it kept them sane.
我父亲常说，他最担心的警察是那些没有信仰生活的人。 My father would always say that the cops that he had to worry about were the ones who had no faith life.
当他身为警司时，往往就是他们出事了才会被叫过去。 Those were the ones that he got called as a lieutenant.
但对那些有信仰生活的警察，他从不担心，因为他们会用圣事来坚固自己。 But the ones who had a faith life, he never had to worry about them because they were fortifying themselves with the sacraments.
所以，如果你愿意，也可以找我。 And so, yeah, you can call me if you want to.
这没问题。 That's fine.
但你得对你的灵修指导感到自在才行。 But you should be comfortable with a spiritual director.
必须是一个让你觉得舒适、放松，而且愿意和你一 起走这段旅程的人，而不是对你大喊大叫的人。 It's got to be somebody you're comfortable with and that you feel at ease with, and who is going to walk on the journey with you, not holler at you.
对着人吼可不算灵修指导。 That's not spiritual direction.
冲人嚷嚷绝不算灵修指导。 Yelling at people is not spiritual direction.
又或者说「你只准跟我做灵修指导」，那也不叫灵修指导。 Saying you must only go to me, that's not spiritual direction.
那是搞个人崇拜。 That's a personality cult.
那很糟糕。 That's bad.
你只需说「谢谢，再见」，然后上车走人就行了。 You say thank you so much, and you get in your car and you drive.
所以一定要找让你感到自在的人，或是别人也会说：「好，那位神父 、那位修女、或持有相关学位的人确实很不错。」这样你才有信心。 So it's got to be somebody you're comfortable with, somebody that other people you may know have said, Okay, that priest, that sister, that person with that degree, you know, is somebody that you know does well.
好吗？ Okay?
不过确实，一般的基督徒以前大多数都会有灵修指导。 But yeah, for ordinary Christians, the vast majority of them used to have spiritual directors.
其实这一概念来自爱尔兰传统，他们从不说「指 导」，而用「ahara」（我灵魂的朋友）。 I mean, the whole idea comes from the Irish, and the idea was they never used the word director; they used ahara, the friend of my soul.
而这正是灵修指导应该扮演的角色。 And that's what a director should be.
是不是很棒？ Isn't that cool?
你也喜欢这个说法，对吧？ You like that too, huh?
你今晚要把我这一堆点子都偷走了啊。 You're stealing all my stuff tonight.
是啊，「我灵魂的朋友」——我觉得这是个非常有力的表达。 So, yeah, you know, a friend of my soul, I think that's such a powerful phrase.
好吧，我得再坐下休息一下。 Okay, I got to sit down again for a bit.
还有其他人吗？ Okay, anybody else?
好的，那么，凯蒂。 Alrighty, all right, Katie.
哦，什么事？ Oh, what's that?
好的。 Yeah.
哦，我在网上很有名啊！ Oh, I'm famous on the internet!
天呐，那是他们的责任。 Dear God, that's their fault.
我本来想说，你在邮件里提到有兴趣来我们教堂的话，我们是「永援圣母堂」。 So, I meant to say, because you had put in the email today about coming to church, if you want to come to our church, it's Our Lady of Perpetual Help.
这是本州唯一的拜占庭礼堂区。 It's the only business and right church in the state.
所以那就是「永援圣母堂」。 So, it's Our Lady of Perpetual Help.
我们有不错的网站。在四旬期期间，每周三和周五晚 上六点有「预先祝圣礼」，那是含圣餐的晚祷礼。 You can see we have a nice website, and during Lent, we have Pre-Sanctified Liturgy on Wednesday night and Friday night at 6 PM. It's a Vespers with Holy Communion.
那并不是弥撒。 It's not a Mass.
我们不做圣灰星期三，所以别在圣灰星期三来我们堂找圣 灰。因为就像我说的，我们是从周一开始进入四旬期。 We don't do Ash Wednesday, so don't come to our church on Ash Wednesday looking for ashes, because we start Lent, as I said, on Monday.
在我们教堂你能领受所有圣事，因为它是公教会。 You can receive all the sacraments at our church, because it is a Catholic church.
这是与教宗共融的正统公教会。 It's a legitimate Catholic church in union with the Pope.
我们的主日礼仪在周日早上十点，周六礼仪在五点。 Sunday Liturgy is at 10 o'clock, and Saturday Liturgy is at 5 o'clock.
我不记得我们频道的名字，你得告诉我。 I don't know the name of our channels; you have to tell me.
我太糟糕了！ I'm terrible!
我们有 YouTube，对吧？ So, our YouTube, right?
YouTube、Instagram、TikTok，都一样：Our L ady of Perpetual Help NM，全连在一起，是吧？ YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, yeah, all the same: Our Lady of Perpetual Help NM. It's all one word, right?
是的。 Yep.
好吧，行，就这样。 Okay, all right, there you go.