- start_time:
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  text: We ask you, Lord, to send your spirit to help us to penetrate more deeply into the participation of, of the lay faithful in offering the sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: We ask this through Christ, our Lord, in the name of the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Um, so this is, uh, in this episode nine, we're going to look at the participation of the faithful in offering the sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And I think this is a, a subject very dear to my heart, as being one of the faithful offering the sacrifice, and I think it's of great pastoral importance.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
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  end_time:
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  text: And so many Catholics don't understand the reason for the Sunday mass obligation, as I mentioned in the preceding talk.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Um, and we don't, um, recognize the, the immensity of the gift that we've been given to participate in the offerings and to contribute our little part, our own lives, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Which is not little for Jesus.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    nanos: 999000000
  end_time:
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  text: So the first point here, um, then is to go back to the nature of sacrifice, so as we looked at it in episode seven.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
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  text: We saw that sacrifice is, um, a key act of the virtue of religion, which is a virtue for everyone, not simply for priests, but for everyone.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And in fact, by virtue of our baptism, all the faithful are, are priests.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: We've been made priests, members of the common or royal priesthood of Christ through the sacraments of baptism and confirmation.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Now, the role of a priest and the ministerial priest is not to substitute for the people in making the offering, but to represent them by offering on their behalf, um, in the person of Christ, in such a way that the people offer sacrifice together through the hands of the priest.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Now, this is true in the, in the Mass, and it's true of all the religions of the world.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: In every ritual sacrifice of human history, these two dimensions can be, um, distinguished.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: There's the ministerial priest who offers on behalf of the people, but there's the common priesthood who offers, um, through him.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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    nanos: 659000000
  text: And we see this, um, in a particular way in Israel.
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  text: For example, the, um, the Greek text of Hebrews 5:1, speaking of the priesthood of Israel says, quote, "Every high priest chosen from among men is appointed to act on behalf of men in relation to God to offer gifts and sacrifices for sins." Unquote, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And so the idea is that the priest is, um, appointed to act on behalf of the whole society, offering, um, for all.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: And this is why we're so dependent on our ministerial priests.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 199
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  text: Without ministerial priests who offer on behalf of the whole community, sacrifice would lose its essential social or communal dimension.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 209
    nanos: 379000000
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  text: It would just be each of us in our God corners, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
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    nanos: 479000000
  end_time:
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    nanos: 479000000
  text: And that, that wouldn't reflect human nature, which is profoundly social.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: In every ritual sacrifice, whether of the pagan religions, Israel, or the Church, right, which the Mass is our, the ritual sacrifice of the new covenant, um, we can find, um, um, the ministerial priest and the common priesthood, um, and the common priesthood is also offering an exterior sacrifice through the hands of the ministerial priest, but also an interior oblation.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And that is the offering of the heart.
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    secs: 258
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  text: Without that, um, religion would be, um, barren, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    nanos: 539000000
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  text: It would be fruitless.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: The logic of sacrifice requires that each person make his own interior act of self-offering and intend that it be represented by the bodily sacrifice that's offered on our behalf by the priest, our mediator before God, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 278
    nanos: 419000000
  end_time:
    secs: 285
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  text: And thus, above all, our eternal high priest, Jesus Christ, but also the ministerial priest acting in the person of Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: The exterior offering, that's what is delegated, right, so that the priest offers that exterior offering on behalf of all.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 294
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  end_time:
    secs: 305
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  text: But the interior offering of the heart, that cannot be delegated, and it's in the very nature of an offering of the heart that my heart has to do it, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: All the faithful have to offer themselves to God personally through the gifts of their hearts.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 311
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  text: But it's represented by the common offering, which in the case of the Mass, is that of Calvary, right, of Jesus Christ, our high priest, um, the victim of Calvary.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
    secs: 327
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  text: Now, we see this in Israel, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 327
    nanos: 459000000
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  text: So the Mosaic Law stipulated a ministerial priesthood taken from the sons of Aaron.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 332
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  text: But the whole of Israel is spoken of as a priestly people.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: And we see this, the key text is Exodus 19:5-6.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Right at the foot of Mount Sinai, um, God told, tells the people, um, "If you will obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my own possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine, and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation." That's, that's the key phrase, "a kingdom of priests." That's where we get the phrase royal priesthood.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: That's just another translation of that phrase, um-...
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 369
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  end_time:
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  text: so the whole of Israel exercised that common priesthood, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 374
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  end_time:
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  text: But in order to exercise it, some were chosen, the tribe of Aaron, rather the tribe of Levi, and in the tribe of Levi, the sons of Aaron, um, to offer the sacrifice on behalf of all of Israel.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 389
    nanos: 229000000
  end_time:
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  text: And then the people's participation was manifested in consuming a part of what was offered, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 396
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  end_time:
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  text: As we've discussed in the prec- um, previous episode.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 399
    nanos: 889000000
  end_time:
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  text: And this is most visible in the Passover, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 403
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  text: Where every household consumed the Paschal lamb.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 406
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  text: And it's also true of the peace offerings, which are a key figure of the Eucharist.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 411
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  text: Now, this idea of, um, that we find in Exodus, a royal priesthood, um, a kingdom of priests, um, is quoted in the New Testament by Peter in his first letter.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
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  text: 1 Peter 2:9 says, "You are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, God's own people, that you may declare the wonderful deeds of him who called you out of the darkness into his marvelous light." Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 438
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  text: So the church is a common or royal priesthood, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 443
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  text: Which belongs to the whole kingdom, because Christ gave his sacrifice to the whole church to be her perennial offering.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 453
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  end_time:
    secs: 457
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: We get that, we, uh, participation in that priesthood through baptism.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 461
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  text: It's deepened in confirmation.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Ministerial priests, through the segment of holy orders, through a different sacrament, they, um, receive the ministerial priesthood to be able to act in the person of Christ, our head, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: But all the faithful share in the common priesthood.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: And, and the key text on, on that is, um, from the Second Vatican Council, Lumen Gentium 10.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: We will come back to that if we have time later in the talk.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: Other passages of the New Testament refer to this.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 493
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  end_time:
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  text: Um, one is Revelation, um, chapter 5 verses 9 to 10.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: '"Worthy art thou to take," speaking to Christ, "Worthy art thou to take the scroll and open its seals, for thou was slain and by thy blood didst ransom men for God from every tribe and tongue and people and nation, and you have made them a kingdom of priests to our God, and they shall reign on Earth." Right?'
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: So that's the royal priesthood.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 518
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  end_time:
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  text: And it's put forth in that text of Revelation as the fruit of the sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Christ's sacrifice is so great, inexhaustible, right, that, um, he gives to his bride the, um, a share in the offering, making us a kingdom of priests.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 536
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  end_time:
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 536
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  end_time:
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  text: It's the fruit of his sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 539
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  text: Now, priesthood involves the offering of something, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And there's a twofold offering, um, the exterior that's visible and the interior that is of the heart.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And the exterior is the sacred sign, we could say, of the interior offering of the heart.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 558
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  end_time:
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  text: And so we are called to offer a sacrifice of praise through our whole lives, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And that's what we offer in the sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: A key text on this is Romans 12 verse one.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: So this, in the Letter to the Romans, the first 11 chapters are the doctrinal part, right, which is very dense and, and profound.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
    secs: 587
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  text: And then chapter 12 begins the part of exhortation and conduct.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: All right, I'm oversimplifying, but, um, it's interesting that he begins that section, um, in this way.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Quote, "I appeal to you therefore," right?
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  text: Therefore building on the doctrinal part, brethren, "by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship." And by that, he doesn't simply mean the fact of our bodies, but what we do in our bodies, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 616
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  text: In other words, our human life is to be our living sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 620
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  text: And when he, the expression spiritual worship is perhaps even more difficult.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: The, um, the Greek uses the word , and that's what we translate as spiritual.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: But, um, in the Greek, there's a reference to Christ, the logos, and so this spiritual worship is, could also be understood as a worship in the logos or a worship in Christ, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: Our spiritual worship in conformity with Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 649
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  end_time:
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  text: And the fathers of the church, um, comment, um, um, at length on this, um, text of Romans 12:1.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: Peter, St. Peter Chrysologus says, quote, um, "Each of us is called to be both a sacrifice to God and his priest." Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: '"Paul has raised all men to priestly status.'
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: Do not forfeit what divine authority confers on you.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 680
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  end_time:
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  text: God thirsts not for blood, but for self-surrender.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: He's appeased not by slaughter, but the offering of your free will," right, um, unquote, as we say in the Our Father.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 693
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  end_time:
    secs: 697
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  text: So that whole living out of the Our Father is our spiritual worship.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 697
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  end_time:
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  text: St. Augustine comments on this in The City of God, um, chap- book 10, chapter 6.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: '"It follows that the whole of that redeemed city," right, the church, that is, yeah, the, the congregation or community of saints, "is offered as a universal sacrifice to God through, through a high priest.'
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: When he exhorted us, when the apostle had exhorted us to present our bodies as a sacrifice, living wholly and pleasing to God, he went on to remind us that it is we ourselves who constitute the whole sacrifice." In other words, we're part of that whole sacrifice.He continues, "Such is the sacrifice of Christians.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 740
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  end_time:
    secs: 743
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  text: We, the many, are one body in Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 743
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  end_time:
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  text: It is clear to the Church that she herself is offered in the very offering she makes to God." That's a great phrase.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 753
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  end_time:
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  text: '"The Church herself is offered in the very offering of our Lord, right, that she makes to God." We''re called to join.'
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Pope Benedict, um, comments on this in his Eucharistic Apostolic Exhortation, Sacramentum caritatis, um, and he goes on at length about Romans 12:1.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: He says, "Christianity's new worship includes and transfigures every aspect of life." I'm quoting 1 Corinthians 10:31, "Whether you eat or drink, whatever you do, do all to the glory of God." "Christians, in all their actions, are called to offer true worship to God.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 791
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  end_time:
    secs: 799
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  text: Here, the intrinsically Eucharistic nature of Christian life begins to take shape." Unquote.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 799
    nanos: 631000000
  end_time:
    secs: 807
    nanos: 631000000
  text: I love that phrase, "the Eucharistic nature of Christian life." That is, the whole of our Christian life ought to have this Eucharistic focus.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 807
    nanos: 631000000
  end_time:
    secs: 818
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  text: I'm living it so as to offer it, and I recognize I'm not living it as well as I should, and therefore, I need to receive in order to offer better, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 818
    nanos: 91000000
  end_time:
    secs: 823
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  text: And that's the, the Eucharistic life, ascending and descending dimensions.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 823
    nanos: 731000000
  end_time:
    secs: 840
    nanos: 371000000
  text: And Pope Benedict continues, quote, "The Eucharist, since it embraces the concrete, everyday existence of the believer, makes possible day by day the progressive transfiguration of all those called by grace to reflect the image of the Son of God.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 840
    nanos: 371000000
  end_time:
    secs: 854
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  text: There is nothing authentically human, our thoughts and affections, our words and deeds, that doesn't find in the Sacrament of the Eucharist the form it needs to be lived to the full." Unquote.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 854
    nanos: 971000000
  end_time:
    secs: 856
    nanos: 571000000
  text: Again, I love that.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 856
    nanos: 571000000
  end_time:
    secs: 867
    nanos: 251000000
  text: What Pope Benedict is speaking about here is how the Eucharist ought to inform everything that we do, and be the, um, the culmination of everything we do.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 867
    nanos: 251000000
  end_time:
    secs: 870
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  text: That's why we call it source and summit.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 870
    nanos: 11000000
  end_time:
    secs: 870
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  text: It's not just...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 870
    nanos: 711000000
  end_time:
    secs: 881
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  text: it's the source of what we do, but it's the summit in the sense that everything that we do that's, um, that's Christian, we bring to the Mass to offer.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 881
    nanos: 331000000
  end_time:
    secs: 887
    nanos: 131000000
  text: And that which we've done that, um, that is not, in other words, sin.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 887
    nanos: 131000000
  end_time:
    secs: 894
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  text: All right, we can't offer that, but our very sorrow over that, our contrition, is among the best offerings that we can offer.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 894
    nanos: 411000000
  end_time:
    secs: 895
    nanos: 731000000
  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 895
    nanos: 731000000
  end_time:
    secs: 900
    nanos: 291000000
  text: So we want to bring everything authentically human to the Mass.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 900
    nanos: 291000000
  end_time:
    secs: 910
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  text: And so Pope Benedict continues, "Here we see the full human import of the radical newness brought by Christ in the Eucharist.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 910
    nanos: 151000000
  end_time:
    secs: 924
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  text: The worship of God in our lives cannot be relegated to something private and, and individual, what I do in my God corner, um, but tends by its nature..." Sorry, back to Pope Benedict, "...by its nature to permeate every aspect of our existence.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 924
    nanos: 471000000
  end_time:
    secs: 935
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  text: Worship pleasing to God thus becomes a new way of living our whole life, each particular moment of which is lifted up, since it is lived as part of a relationship with Christ and is an offering to God.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 935
    nanos: 751000000
  end_time:
    secs: 943
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  text: '''The glory of God is the living man, and the life of man the vision of God.''" He''s quoting there a famous text of Saint Irenaeus.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 943
    nanos: 391000000
  end_time:
    secs: 949
    nanos: 491000000
  text: Okay, so I mentioned the difference between the, the common and the ministerial priesthood.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 949
    nanos: 491000000
  end_time:
    secs: 949
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 949
    nanos: 931000000
  end_time:
    secs: 951
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  text: But the two need each other.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 951
    nanos: 551000000
  end_time:
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  text: And I said the, the key text is, um, from Lumen Gentium 10, and Lumen Gentium 10 says that they differ essentially, not over, only in degree, um, but it goes on to say how each one needs the other.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 964
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  end_time:
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  text: Each one is ordered to the other, and in its own proper way, shares in the one priesthood of Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 970
    nanos: 91000000
  end_time:
    secs: 972
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  text: The ministerial priest...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 972
    nanos: 951000000
  end_time:
    secs: 976
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  text: So the way we should understand this is that no one is made a ministerial priest for themselves, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 976
    nanos: 911000000
  end_time:
    secs: 980
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  text: The ministerial priest is to, um, serve the whole Church.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 980
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  end_time:
    secs: 988
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  text: But the, um, the common priesthood of the faithful absolutely needs ministerial priests, for the reason we gave before.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 988
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  end_time:
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  text: I can offer my sacrifice in my God corner, but to offer it communally and with the sacrifice of Christ, I need the ministerial priest who can make that sacrifice of Christ present on the altar by speaking Christ's words in his person.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1004
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  end_time:
    secs: 1005
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1005
    nanos: 291000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1008
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  text: So the two priesthoods are absolutely dependent...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1008
    nanos: 451000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1014
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  text: Well, the, the common priesthood is dependent on the ministerial priesthood, and the ministerial priesthood serves the common priesthood.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1014
    nanos: 331000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1023
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  text: Now, it's striking how the Eucharistic liturgy makes clear the participation of the faithful.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1023
    nanos: 651000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1026
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  text: Right?And again, I think many of the faithful miss this.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1026
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  end_time:
    secs: 1030
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  text: A key text is the offertory prayers.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1030
    nanos: 991000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1039
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  text: The priest says, "Pray, brethren, that my sacrifice and yours may be acceptable to God, the Almighty Father." All right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1039
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  end_time:
    secs: 1040
    nanos: 531000000
  text: Very interesting.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1040
    nanos: 531000000
  end_time:
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  text: He doesn't say, um, simply, "Pray, brethren, that my sacrifice may be acceptable," right, as if it were only his.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1047
    nanos: 411000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1061
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  text: Nor does he pray that, um, "Pray, brethren, that your sacrifice," right, but, "My sacrifice and yours." And he doesn't even say "ours," "Pray, brethren, that our sacrifice may be acceptable." Why, why not the last one?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1061
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  end_time:
    secs: 1062
    nanos: 511000000
  text: And it's...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1062
    nanos: 511000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1069
    nanos: 751000000
  text: The, the prayer makes a distinction between the two roles, ministerial priest and common priesthood.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1069
    nanos: 751000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1075
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  text: Um, and so "my sacrifice and yours," right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1075
    nanos: 131000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1075
    nanos: 791000000
  text: The faithful...
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1075
    nanos: 791000000
  end_time:
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  text: The priest offers the sacrifice in a particular way in the person of Christ, but the faithful offer it, um, in, we could say, in two respects.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1085
    nanos: 211000000
  end_time:
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  text: They offer, um, Christ's sacrifice with the priest, um, but they also offer, um, their own, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1093
    nanos: 871000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1098
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  text: The sacrifice of their Christian life....
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1098
    nanos: 970000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1105
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  text: and then we see this again in the, um, the invitatory dialogue, "Lift up your hearts," right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1105
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  end_time:
    secs: 1106
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  text: .
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1106
    nanos: 689000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1123
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  text: And that is, um, that the faithful lift up our hearts to the celestial sacrifice, right, which is this- what happens, um, in the mass is a union between the sacrifice on the altar and, um, and the Father, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1123
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  end_time:
    secs: 1125
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  text: The heavenly sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1125
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  end_time:
    secs: 1129
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  text: And that gets expressed in the Roman Cannon, um, in various ways.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1129
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  end_time:
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  text: And then, um, in the Roman Cannon, that's the first Eucharistic prayer, the priest prays, "Remember Lord, your servants all gathered here, and whose faith and devotion are known to you.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1140
    nanos: 869000000
  end_time:
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  text: For them, we offer you this sacrifice of praise, or they offer it for themselves and all who are dear to them." That's very important.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1150
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  end_time:
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  text: Um, the priest offers, again praying in a- as the representative of the people and in the person of Christ, but he says, um, "They also," the faithful, "offer it for themselves and for those who maybe are not present, but who are dear to them." And again, um, before the institution narrative, the priest prays, "Lord, we pray, graciously accept this oblation of our service, that of your whole family." Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1178
    nanos: 489000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1180
    nanos: 129000000
  text: It happens again and again and again.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1180
    nanos: 129000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1194
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  text: Um, and then right after the consecration, the priest says, "We are servants and your holy- and your holy people offer to your glorious majesty." And again, I think most of the people simply miss this, but, um, I love to play that part with the priest, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1194
    nanos: 569000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1197
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  text: Because he's speaking of a we, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1197
    nanos: 149000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1201
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  text: So during the consecration he's spoken with the eye of Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1201
    nanos: 209000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1212
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  text: '"This is my body, chose of my blood." But right after that, he says, "We, your servants and your holy people, offer to your glorious majesty this pure victim." Right?'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1212
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  end_time:
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  text: So that includes us, and it's very helpful, I think, for the faithful to be attentive to that prayer and to join in, not verbally, but spiritually with the heart.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1221
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  end_time:
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  text: And then interestingly, um, the priest prays, um, to the Father, "Be pleased to look upon these offerings with the serene and kindly countenance, and to accept them as once you were pleased to accept the gifts of your servant, Abel the just.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1236
    nanos: 729000000
  end_time:
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  text: The sacrifice of Abraham, our father of faith, offering a high priest in Melchizedek." Strange, when you think about it.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1242
    nanos: 489000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1244
    nanos: 429000000
  text: Why are we pray- I mean, what...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1244
    nanos: 429000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1246
    nanos: 729000000
  text: It's Jesus present on the altar, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1246
    nanos: 729000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1256
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  text: He is the infinitely pleasing victim, and yet the priest prays, "Be pleased to look upon these offerings with a serene and kindly count- countenance," comparing them to that of Abel.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1256
    nanos: 949000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1262
    nanos: 629000000
  text: Well, our sacrifice is a bit better than that of Abel, um, and of Abraham and his Melchizedek.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1262
    nanos: 629000000
  end_time:
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  text: But the point there, I think, is that, um, what we're asking the Father to look kindly upon is our part in the offering.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1271
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  end_time:
    secs: 1272
    nanos: 949000000
  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1272
    nanos: 949000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1274
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  text: Jesus' part is always acceptable.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1274
    nanos: 809000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1277
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  text: It's the infinitely acceptable sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1277
    nanos: 69000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1281
    nanos: 809000000
  text: But the offering of my heart is very much perfectible, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1281
    nanos: 809000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1290
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  text: And we pray that the Lord look kindly on our part of the offering, the part of the whole church, and of each one of the faithful.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1290
    nanos: 109000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1298
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  text: And so that's, um, and that's where we need an- a second Epiclesis, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1298
    nanos: 89000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1302
    nanos: 509000000
  text: We're asking for the Holy Spirit to purify our part in the offering, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1302
    nanos: 509000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1304
    nanos: 449000000
  text: So the Holy Spirit transforms the gifts.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1304
    nanos: 449000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1305
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  text: That's the easy part, we said.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1305
    nanos: 669000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1316
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  text: But the hard part of the task of the Holy Spirit is to purify the offering of the hearts of the faithful, and of the Christian life of the faithful that is offered.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1316
    nanos: 609000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1324
    nanos: 909000000
  text: Ratzinger has a beautiful text on this in The Spirit of the Liturgy, but I'm gonna skip it due to time.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1324
    nanos: 909000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1337
    nanos: 509000000
  text: And then right after that, um, in the Roman Cannon, the priest asks that the sacrifice may be borne by the hands of your holy angel to your altar on high.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1337
    nanos: 509000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1338
    nanos: 509000000
  text: Uh, what's that about?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1338
    nanos: 509000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1343
    nanos: 909000000
  text: Um, and it- again, it's manifesting this ascending movement, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1343
    nanos: 909000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1351
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  text: That what we offer here in the church, we're offering, um, to the Father who is in heaven, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1351
    nanos: 169000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1353
    nanos: 389000000
  text: And so we want it to be brought, as it were.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1353
    nanos: 389000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1362
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  text: Um, what is brought is, yes, the body and blood of Christ, but also our offering of our Christian life and that of the whole church, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1362
    nanos: 749000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1369
    nanos: 289000000
  text: And that's what we need to pray that the Lord look kindly upon and bring together in unity.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1369
    nanos: 289000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1371
    nanos: 629000000
  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1371
    nanos: 629000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1376
    nanos: 129000000
  text: So it's manifesting this double movement of ascent and descent.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1376
    nanos: 129000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1384
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  text: So I've focused here on the first Eucharistic prayer, but we could do the same with the other Eucharistic prayers.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1384
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  end_time:
    secs: 1398
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  text: So for example, in the third Eucharistic prayer, um, the priest prays, right after the, um, consecration, "Therefore, O Lord, as we celebrate the memorial of your sa- of the saving Passion of your Son," right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1398
    nanos: 49000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1402
    nanos: 249000000
  text: His resurre- this is the anamnesis remembering the Paschal Mystery.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1402
    nanos: 249000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1406
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  text: And then right after that, "We offer you," again, that same we.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1406
    nanos: 189000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1406
    nanos: 789000000
  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1406
    nanos: 789000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1412
    nanos: 809000000
  text: '"We offer you." That''s the whole church offering, "In thanksgiving this holy and living sacrifice.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1412
    nanos: 809000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1416
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  text: Look, we pray, upon the oblation of your Church," right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1416
    nanos: 549000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1421
    nanos: 49000000
  text: And again, we're asking him to look kindly upon this oblation, not on the part of Christ, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1421
    nanos: 49000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1422
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  text: But on our part.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1422
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  end_time:
    secs: 1425
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  text: And then we make that clear.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1430
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  text: '"May he make of us an eternal offering to you." Right?'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1430
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  end_time:
    secs: 1432
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  text: That's the hard part, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1432
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  end_time:
    secs: 1434
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  text: That's the great work of the Holy Spirit.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1434
    nanos: 469000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1438
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  text: To make of us an offering, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1438
    nanos: 149000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1440
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  text: We saw that was the law of the p- covenant.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1440
    nanos: 529000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1443
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  text: Christ is both priest and victim.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1443
    nanos: 109000000
  end_time:
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  text: And so we, if we're priests through the royal or common priesthood, we have to offer up ourselves.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1450
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  end_time:
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  text: That is, um, our Christian life to be an offering.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1456
    nanos: 269000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1457
    nanos: 389000000
  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1457
    nanos: 389000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1465
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  text: Um, Pope Benedict in Spe Salvi, his encyclical on hope, um, speaks about the old practice of offering things up....
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1465
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  end_time:
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  text: right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1465
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  end_time:
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  text: And he says, "And perhaps that would be a good thing to revive," um, the offering up of those little things in, in throughout our daily life, right, that, um, that could be irritating or annoying.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1479
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  end_time:
    secs: 1482
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  text: But giving them a meaning of...
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1482
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  end_time:
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  text: by joining them to the sacrifice of Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1485
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  end_time:
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  text: '"Maybe we should," he''s quote then, quote there, "Maybe we should consider whether it might be judicious to revive this practice ourselves." Now, the model of this offering that we''ve been talking about in this episode, um, is the, the in- the perfect model is Our Lady.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1508
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  end_time:
    secs: 1508
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1508
    nanos: 955000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1514
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  text: So Mary offered herself on Calvary by offering her son.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1514
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  end_time:
    secs: 1515
    nanos: 595000000
  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1515
    nanos: 595000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1526
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  text: In other words, um, Mary was on Calvary, co-offering in this sense, that she understood, she alone understood what her son was doing, that he was offering the sacrifice of our redemption.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1526
    nanos: 976000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1541
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  text: And she stood there at the foot of the cross, consenting to his offering, joining in the offering, even though it, um, it tore her heart, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1541
    nanos: 595000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1545
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  text: And so she offered herself in offering her son, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1545
    nanos: 635000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1553
    nanos: 15000000
  text: So, um, Pius XII speaks about this in his encyclical on the church, Mystici Corporis, Corporis, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1553
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  end_time:
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  text: Her mother's love was included in the Holocaust.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1556
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  end_time:
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  text: Lumen Gentium 58 speaks of this as well.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1560
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  end_time:
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  text: Quote, "The Blessed Virgin faithfully persevered in her union with her Son unto the cross, where she stood in keeping with the divine plan, grieving exceedingly with her only begotten Son, uniting herself with a maternal heart with his sacrifice and lovingly consenting to the immolation of this victim, which she herself had brought forth." Unquote.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1585
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  end_time:
    secs: 1589
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  text: Of course, we fall short of m- of our model, Mary.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1589
    nanos: 515000000
  end_time:
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  text: But we can ask for her intercession so that we can, um, participate in the offering, um, uh, day by day in a better way.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1599
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  end_time:
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  text: The last point I'd like to make here is about the Second Vatican Council.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: The second...
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: so most people know, um, or m-many have heard that the Second Vatican Council, um, in the document on the liturgy, Sacrosanctum Concilium, called for active participation, Actuosa Participatio.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1618
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  end_time:
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: And that's precisely our topic here in this talk.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: And it wasn't only in that document, but in several other documents as well.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: In fact, it's one of the key aspects of the, um, we could say the, the pastoral, um, heart of the Second Vatican Council, together with the Universal Call to Holiness, the participation of the faithful in offering the sacrifice and in offering ourselves with the sacrifice of our Lord.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1645
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  end_time:
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  text: And so we should understand this phrase active participation in the way that we've been speaking out throughout this talk, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1653
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  end_time:
    secs: 1658
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  text: Active participation doesn't mean principally standing up and sitting down and saying our parts.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1658
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  end_time:
    secs: 1659
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  text: It includes that.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1659
    nanos: 315000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1663
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  text: But it's above all active in the interior sense, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: We spoke right in the beginning that sacrifice has these two dimensions, the exterior sacrifice, which is principally the part of the minister or priest, but the interior sacrifice has to be done by each member of the faithful.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1675
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  end_time:
    secs: 1680
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  text: And that's our principal participation, and it needs to be active.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1680
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  end_time:
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  text: Active in the sense that it doesn't just happen.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: In other words, if I'm just sitting there inert, um, I'm not offering myself, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: So it's an active participation, and a conscious participation in what Christ is doing, right, in the Mass on the altar.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  end_time:
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  text: Um, and so it needs to be internal as well as external, and principally internal and spiritual, right, but it also includes the Body.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: So the key text, Sacrosanctum Concilium 14, but it needs to be understood in the light of Sacrosanctum Concilium 48, which says, quote, "By offering the Immaculate Victim, not only through the hands of the priest, but also with him, they," that is the faithful, "should learn to also to offer themselves." And this comes, um, is repeated, um, in Lumen Gentium 11.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1737
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  text: One of the most famous phrases from the Second Vatican Council, the first part, um, "Taking part," quote, "Taking part in the Eucharistic sacrifice, which is the source and summit of the whole Christian life, they," that is the faithful, "offer the Divine Victim to God, and offer themselves along with it." All right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1755
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  text: So this text, as well as Sacrosanctum Concilium 48 tells us the essential meaning of active participation.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1762
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  end_time:
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  text: It's offering the Divine Victim to God and offering ourselves with it.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1766
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  end_time:
    secs: 1767
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  text: All right.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1767
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  end_time:
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  text: I went to Mass this morning.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1768
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  end_time:
    secs: 1768
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  text: What did I do?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1768
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  end_time:
    secs: 1772
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  text: I may have been somewhat oblivious, but what did I do?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1772
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  end_time:
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  text: I did that.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1773
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  end_time:
    secs: 1778
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  text: I offered the Divine Victim to God, the Father, and myself along with it.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Presbyterorum Ordinis V, that's the document of the Second Vatican Council on the priesthood, um, speaking to priests, um, instructs them to teach this to the faithful that they are to offer themselves, their labors and all created things together with him.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1796
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  end_time:
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  text: And it, it goes on, "The Eucharist shows itself a- as the source and summit of the whole work of preaching the Gospel," right, quoting Lumen Gentium 11.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1804
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  end_time:
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  text: And then it go, says, "So priests must instruct their people to offer to God, the Father, the Divine Victim in the sacrifice of the Mass and to join to it the offering of their own lives." Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1817
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  end_time:
    secs: 1819
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  text: You can see this made again and again.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1819
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  end_time:
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  text: Now, I'm, I mean, has that been implemented?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1821
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  end_time:
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  text: How many, um, of the faithful have heard this from their priest?...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1826
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  end_time:
    secs: 1826
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  text: right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1826
    nanos: 998000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1832
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  text: That they are in the Mass, or for the divine victim to the Father and their selves with Him.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1832
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  end_time:
    secs: 1833
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  text: Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1833
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  end_time:
    secs: 1835
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  text: So we still need to implement this.
  speaker: speaker_0
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  text: Lumen Gentium 34 returns to this notion, um, within the context of the sanctification of the lay faithful.
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1844
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  end_time:
    secs: 1849
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  text: And it's a great text, speaking about sanctifying ordinary life, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
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    secs: 1849
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  end_time:
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  text: Um, but it connects it with the Eucharist.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1851
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  end_time:
    secs: 1870
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  text: So it says, "All their works, prayers and apostolic endeavors, their ordinary marriage and family life, their daily occupations, their physical and mental relaxation," right, that too, "if carried out in the Spirit, and even the hardships of life if patiently borne, all these become spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ." That's 1 Peter 2:5.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1870
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  end_time:
    secs: 1878
    nanos: 497000000
  text: '"Together with the offering of the Lord''s body, they are most fittingly offered in the celebration of the Eucharist.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1878
    nanos: 497000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1886
    nanos: 897000000
  text: Thus, as those everywhere who adore in holy activity, lay faithful, the laity consecrate the world itself to God." Right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1886
    nanos: 897000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1889
    nanos: 77000000
  text: We do that, we're called to do that all the time.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1889
    nanos: 77000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1893
    nanos: 577000000
  text: But we're called to bring that to the Eucharistic sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1893
    nanos: 577000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1898
    nanos: 417000000
  text: And I think, yes, this is a- a task for the church today.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1898
    nanos: 417000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1902
    nanos: 818000000
  text: During the pandemic, we spoke a lot about spiritual communion.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1902
    nanos: 818000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1909
    nanos: 357000000
  text: But what we didn't speak enough about is spiritual offering, the offering of my life.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1909
    nanos: 357000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1920
    nanos: 298000000
  text: If I can't be present, if I'm in my dark corner, I can still offer my life in union with the sacrifice of the Mass, right, being offered in all the altars of the Catholic world.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1920
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  end_time:
    secs: 1926
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  text: Um, and this is true for people who are, um, unable to attend Mass because of sickness, um, or they tend those who are sick.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1926
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  end_time:
    secs: 1929
    nanos: 357000000
  text: Um, but it's also true for those who are present, right?
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1929
    nanos: 357000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1931
    nanos: 397000000
  text: We have to remember, that's what we're doing.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1931
    nanos: 397000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1935
    nanos: 277000000
  text: And we want to make a spiritual act of doing that.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 1935
    nanos: 277000000
  end_time:
    secs: 1952
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  text: Um, so I'll end here and, uh, we give you thanks, Almighty God, for having given us this glory of being able to participate in the offering of your sacrifice and to offer ourselves with you through Christ our Lord, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
  speaker: speaker_0
