- start: 20.579
  end: 23.659
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Let's start in with a prayer in the name of the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit.
  zh: 让我们奉父、子、圣灵的名开始祷告。
- start: 23.659
  end: 24.399
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Amen.
  zh: 阿们。
- start: 24.399
  end: 32.06
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women; and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
  zh: 万福马利亚，你充满恩典，主与你同在；你在妇女中是有福的，你腹中的孩子耶稣也是有福的。
- start: 32.06
  end: 37.199
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death.
  zh: 神之母圣马利亚，求你现在和我们临终时，为我们罪人祈求。
- start: 37.199
  end: 38.3
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Amen.
  zh: 阿们。
- start: 38.3
  end: 41.56
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Our Lady's seat of wisdom, pray for us.
  zh: 圣母智慧之座，请为我们祈求。
- start: 41.56
  end: 44.159
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit.
  zh: 父、子和圣灵。
- start: 44.159
  end: 56.1
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So this 10th episode of our Eucharist Course is on the fruits of the Mass, and we're going to ask a simple question, "Why many Masses?" All right.
  zh: 我们圣餐课程的第十集要讨论弥撒的果实，并提出一个简单的问题：「为什么要举行这么多台弥撒？」
- start: 56.1
  end: 57.279
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So, why many Masses?
  zh: 那么，为什么要举行这么多台弥撒？
- start: 57.279
  end: 63.639
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I think we've already sufficiently answered it, but we want to bring it together.
  zh: 我想我们已经充分回答了这个问题，但我们要做一个总结。
- start: 63.639
  end: 77.919
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So we said that, um, the sacrifice of Calvary is infinite, it's not repeated in different Masses, but made present in mystery and power.
  zh: 我们说过，各各他的牺牲是无限的，它不会在不同的弥撒中重复，而是以奥秘和力量临在。
- start: 77.919
  end: 83.719
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so the sacrifice of the Mass actualizes, re-presents...
  zh: 因此，弥撒的牺牲实现了、重新呈现……
- start: 83.719
  end: 85.539
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Re-presents here with a hyphen.
  zh: 这里的「重新呈现」用了连字符。
- start: 85.539
  end: 92.739
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In other words, not simply a theatrical representation, but making present again, sacramentally.
  zh: 换句话说，不仅仅是戏剧性的再现，而是以圣事的方式再次临在。
- start: 92.739
  end: 100.799
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That is, a mystery in the life of the church in every time and place, from the rising of the sun to the setting of it.
  zh: 也就是说，这是教会生活中从日出到日落的每个时空中的奥秘。
- start: 100.799
  end: 102.219
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Malachi 1:11.
  zh: 玛拉基书1章11节。
- start: 102.219
  end: 115.059
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It makes Calvary present by allowing the Church to participate in the act of offering, and by enabling Calvary's effects of grace to be poured out abundantly on the Church and on the world.
  zh: 它让各各他临在，使教会能参与奉献的行动，并使各各他的恩典效果能丰沛地倾注在教会和世界上。
- start: 115.059
  end: 129.099
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Now, in the last episode, we looked at, um, enabling us to participate, and in this episode, I want to focus on the second part, enabling Calvary's effects of grace to be poured out abundantly on the Church and the world.
  zh: 上一集我们讨论了让我们能参与的部分，这一集我想聚焦在第二部分，即让各各他的恩典效果能丰沛地倾注在教会和世界上。
- start: 129.099
  end: 130.139
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Now, this is not...
  zh: 这并不是……
- start: 130.139
  end: 133.059
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I'm not saying that this is necessary for God.
  zh: 我不是说这对神是必要的。
- start: 133.059
  end: 138.139
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In other words, God could pour out graces on the world without the sacrifice of the Mass.
  zh: 换句话说，神不需要弥撒的牺牲也能将恩典倾注在世界上。
- start: 138.139
  end: 146.859
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But he has chosen to link the pouring out of these graces with the presentation of the sacrifice of...
  zh: 但他选择将这些恩典的倾注与……牺牲的呈现联系起来。
- start: 146.859
  end: 155.779
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The re-presentation of the sacrifice of Calvary and Masses offered every day throughout the Catholic world.
  zh: 各各他牺牲的重新呈现，以及公教世界每天举行的弥撒。
- start: 155.779
  end: 178.219
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In other words, this is God's plan, to, um, sh- shower down on the world the effects of Calvary through the mediation of the Church in making present again, sacramentally, that same sacrifice, um, in our alt- on our altars in every parish in the world.
  zh: 换句话说，这是神的计划，通过教会的媒介，以圣事的方式再次临在同样的牺牲，在世界各地的祭坛上，将各各他的效果倾注在世界上。
- start: 178.219
  end: 192.879
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So every Mass, again, by the will of God, not by strict necessity, but by the will of God, every Mass applies to the world some of the effects won universally by the sacrifice of Calvary.
  zh: 因此，每一台弥撒，再次强调，是出于神的旨意，而非严格的必要性，每一台弥撒都将各各他牺牲普遍赢得的某些效果应用在世界上。
- start: 192.879
  end: 196.519
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So we could compare Calvary to a fountain, right?
  zh: 我们可以将各各他比作一个泉源，对吧？
- start: 196.519
  end: 198.059
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: An infinite fountain.
  zh: 一个无限的泉源。
- start: 198.059
  end: 206.479
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And the sacrifice of the Mass, celebrated many times and places, two streams flowing out from that one fountain to water all the earth.
  zh: 弥撒的牺牲在许多时间和地点举行，就像从那一个泉源流出的两条溪流，滋润全地。
- start: 206.479
  end: 224.639
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The Council of Trent spoke on this in Session 22, and said, "The fruits of this oblation," the bloody one of Calvary, "are received in abundance through this un-bloody oblation," the Mass.
  zh: 特伦托会议在第22次会议上谈到这一点，并说：「这祭献的果实」，即各各他的血祭，「通过这无血的祭献」，即弥撒，「丰沛地领受」。
- start: 224.639
  end: 231.099
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: By no means then does the latter, the Mass, detract from the former, Calvary.
  zh: 因此，后者弥撒绝不会减损前者各各他。
- start: 231.099
  end: 245.579
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Therefore, it is rightly offered, according to apostolic tradition, not only for the sins' punishments satisfaction and other necessities of the faithful who are alive, but also for those who have died in Christ, but are not yet wholly purified.
  zh: 因此，根据使徒传统，它被正确地奉献，不仅为活着的信徒的罪罚补赎和其他需要，也为那些在基督里死去但尚未完全净化的人。
- start: 245.579
  end: 247.539
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That is, for those in purgatory.
  zh: 也就是说，为炼狱中的人。
- start: 247.539
  end: 247.879
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 247.879
  end: 253.599
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's why we say the Mass is offered for the living and the dead, right?
  zh: 这就是为什么我们说弥撒是为生者和死者奉献的，对吧？
- start: 253.599
  end: 261.159
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Not the dead who are blessed in heaven, nor the dead who are, um, God forbid, in, in hell, but for all those who are in purgatory.
  zh: 不是为那些在天堂蒙福的死者，也不是为那些，愿神禁止，在地狱的死者，而是为所有在炼狱中的人。
- start: 261.159
  end: 264.179
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And it's offered for the whole world, right?
  zh: 而且它是为整个世界奉献的，对吧？
- start: 264.179
  end: 266.599
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In a series of concentric circles.
  zh: 在一系列的同心圆中。
- start: 266.599
  end: 267.399
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I'll come back to that.
  zh: 我稍后会回到这一点。
- start: 267.399
  end: 281.059
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So because the Mass, the sacrifice of the Mass applies the fruits of the sacrifice of the cross to mankind in a given time and place, the Mass is subordinated to the cross, right?
  zh: 因为弥撒，弥撒的牺牲将十字架牺牲的果实应用在特定时空的人类身上，弥撒是从属于十字架的，对吧？
- start: 281.059
  end: 282.239
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We're not saying that the...
  zh: 我们不是说……
- start: 282.239
  end: 284.719
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We're not making the Mass above the cross.
  zh: 我们并没有将弥撒置于十字架之上。
- start: 284.719
  end: 292.259
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All of its power comes from the cross, which the Mass mysteriously makes present here, right?
  zh: 它所有的力量都来自十字架，弥撒以奥秘的方式使十字架临在，对吧？
- start: 292.259
  end: 294.659
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Like the real presence, um, in...
  zh: 就像真实的临在，在……
- start: 294.659
  end: 297.339
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That we discussed earlier through transubstantiation, right?
  zh: 我们之前通过变质说讨论过的，对吧？
- start: 297.339
  end: 300.759
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: They're, they're related, analogously, these two mysteries.
  zh: 这两个奥秘是相关的，类比地。
- start: 300.759
  end: 315.139
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And we can understand it, um, as a relation between the universal cause, Calvary, and the particular cause, its sacramental re-presentation here and now, this morning.
  zh: 我们可以理解它，作为普遍原因各各他与特殊原因，即此时此地圣事性的重新呈现之间的关系。
- start: 315.139
  end: 316.239
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 316.239
  end: 320.659
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So, uh, a sculptor analogy, I used to be a sculptor, I like sculptor analogies.
  zh: 所以，呃，一个雕塑家的类比，我曾经是个雕塑家，我喜欢雕塑家的类比。
- start: 320.659
  end: 338.359
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: As Michelangelo's chisel doesn't detract from his, um, idea, his inspiration in his mind, but applies it in a particular way, so the Mass doesn't detract from the source of its power, Christ's cross, but makes it present in the world and active here and now.
  zh: 就像米开朗基罗的凿子不会减损他心中的想法和灵感，而是以特定的方式应用它，弥撒也不会减损其力量的源头基督的十字架，而是使其临在世界上并在此时此地活跃。
- start: 338.359
  end: 342.459
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: This is true of all the sacraments, in a different way.
  zh: 所有的圣事都是如此，只是方式不同。
- start: 342.459
  end: 347.359
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So all of the sacraments apply the merits won through the sacrifice of Calvary.
  zh: 因此，所有的圣事都应用通过各各他牺牲赢得的功绩。
- start: 347.359
  end: 363.793
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But the Mass does so in a special way, in that it alone is not only a sacri- sacrament, um, that transmits the grace it represents, but also a sacrifice that is pleasing to God, so as to call down upon the world......
  zh: 但弥撒以一种特殊的方式做到这一点，因为它不仅是传递其所代表的恩典的圣事，也是蒙神悦纳的牺牲，以便将……
- start: 363.793
  end: 366.694
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: graces to water the whole earth.
  zh: 恩典倾注在全地上。
- start: 366.694
  end: 375.053
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Graces for those who can receive the sacraments, but also graces for those who are still outside, drawing them in.
  zh: 为那些能领受圣事的人，也为那些仍在外面的人，吸引他们进来。
- start: 375.053
  end: 377.133
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so, this is unique about the Eucharist.
  zh: 因此，这是圣餐的独特之处。
- start: 377.133
  end: 386.833
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The other sacraments benefit those who receive them, but the Eucharist is offered as sacrifice also for those who are not baptized, right?
  zh: 其他圣事使领受者受益，但圣餐作为牺牲也是为那些未受洗的人奉献的，对吧？
- start: 386.833
  end: 388.374
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It's offered for the whole world.
  zh: 它是为整个世界奉献的。
- start: 388.374
  end: 397.933
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And drawing in, drawing down graces upon them, upon all, so that all are drawn in.
  zh: 吸引、降下恩典在他们身上，在所有人身上，以便所有人都被吸引进来。
- start: 397.933
  end: 410.194
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Pius the 12th speaks about this in Mediator Dei, his encyclical, great encyclical on the liturgy, and from 1947.
  zh: 庇护十二世在1947年的通谕《天人中保》中谈到这一点，这是一部关于礼仪的伟大通谕。
- start: 410.194
  end: 422.313
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: He says, um, speaking of Calvary, "This purchase," right, Calvary purchased, merited all graces, um, given to mankind from the beginning of history to its end.
  zh: 他说，呃，谈到各各他，「这赎价」，是的，各各他赎买了、赚得了所有的恩典，呃，从历史的开始到末了赐给人类。
- start: 422.313
  end: 427.194
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: '"This purchase does not immediately have its full effect." Right?'
  zh: 「这赎价不会立即产生其全部效果。」对吧？
- start: 427.194
  end: 431.193
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Those graces have to be given day by day, year by year, place by place.
  zh: 这些恩典必须日复一日、年复一年、一地一地地赐下。
- start: 431.193
  end: 432.573
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So, he continues.
  zh: 他继续说。
- start: 432.573
  end: 440.273
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: '"Since Christ had to redeem the world at the cost of his own blood, still must come into complete possession of the souls of men.'
  zh: 「既然基督必须以自己的血为代价救赎世界，仍必须完全占有人的灵魂。
- start: 440.273
  end: 463.553
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Wherefore, that the redemption and salvation of each person may be effectively accomplished and acceptable to God, it is necessary that men should individually come into vital contact with the sacrifice of the cross, so that the merits which flow from it should be imparted to them." Again, he uses that analogy of the fountain and the streams, right?
  zh: 因此，为使每个人的救赎和拯救能有效地完成并蒙神悦纳，人必须个别地与十字架的牺牲有生命的接触，以便从它流出的功绩能分给他们。」他再次使用了泉源和溪流的类比，对吧？
- start: 463.553
  end: 468.574
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Calvary is the fountain, the Mass applying its fruits to the world today.
  zh: 各各他是泉源，弥撒将其果实应用在今日的世界上。
- start: 468.574
  end: 479.453
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Is, so he says, quote, "On Calvary, Christ built a font of purification and salvation, which he filled with the blood he shed.
  zh: 他说，引用：「在各各他，基督建立了一个净化和救赎的泉源，他用自己所流的血充满它。
- start: 479.453
  end: 490.713
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But if men do not bathe in it and dare wash away the stains of their iniquities by having baptism, but, or come in contact with it, um, they cannot be purified and saved.
  zh: 但如果人不沐浴其中，通过洗礼洗去他们罪孽的污点，或与它接触，呃，他们就不能被净化和得救。
- start: 490.713
  end: 516.494
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: He wished that all should approach and be drawn to his cross, especially by means of the sacraments and the Eucharistic sacrifice to obtain the fruits, the salutary fruits produced by him on the cross." All right, so he's putting forth the, the Mass as the great instrument by which the merits won on Calvary are distributed to the faithful.
  zh: 他愿意所有人都接近并被吸引到他的十字架前，尤其是通过圣事和圣餐牺牲，以获得他在十字架上产生的果实，有益的果实。」好的，因此他提出弥撒是伟大的工具，通过它将各各他赢得的功绩分给信徒。
- start: 516.494
  end: 518.034
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Again, it's not the only instrument.
  zh: 再次强调，这不是唯一的工具。
- start: 518.034
  end: 519.514
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: God isn't restricted.
  zh: 神不受限制。
- start: 519.514
  end: 523.234
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: His grace, um, transcends the sacramental order.
  zh: 他的恩典，呃，超越圣事秩序。
- start: 523.234
  end: 543.753
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But nevertheless, He's a God of order, and He's established the sacraments as the ordinary channels, and He's est- established the sacrifice of the Mass as the ordinary channel by which His super abundant generosity and mercy, um, is en- enabled to, um, to win its full effect on the earth.
  zh: 但尽管如此，他是有秩序的神，他建立了圣事作为通常的渠道，他建立了弥撒的牺牲作为通常的渠道，通过它他极其丰盛的慷慨和怜悯，呃，能够，呃，在地上赢得其全部效果。
- start: 543.753
  end: 545.313
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 545.313
  end: 553.493
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that gives glory to Jesus, who's offered, and to the church, who participates in the offering.
  zh: 这归荣耀于被奉献的耶稣，以及参与奉献的教会。
- start: 553.493
  end: 561.653
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Okay, let's look at, um, the purposes of the sacrifice.
  zh: 好的，让我们看看，呃，牺牲的目的。
- start: 561.653
  end: 566.213
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I mentioned this in an earlier talk, uh, episode, um.
  zh: 我在之前的谈话，呃，集中提到过这一点。
- start: 566.213
  end: 574.753
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So Catholic tradition speaks of four ends of the Mass, um, which are also the ends of all prayer and the liturgy, right?
  zh: 公教传统谈到弥撒的四个目的，呃，这也是所有祈祷和礼仪的目的，对吧？
- start: 574.753
  end: 580.113
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Adoration, thanksgiving, petition, and expiation of sin or contrition.
  zh: 钦崇、感恩、祈求、赎罪或痛悔。
- start: 580.113
  end: 584.833
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And there's the acronym ACTS, adoration, contrition, thanksgiving, supplication.
  zh: 有一个缩写ACTS，即钦崇、痛悔、感恩、祈求。
- start: 584.833
  end: 590.153
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So the Mass realizes each of these four ends in a supreme way.
  zh: 因此，弥撒以至高无上的方式实现这四个目的。
- start: 590.153
  end: 591.013
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 591.013
  end: 594.733
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It's the best way by which we do all four of those things.
  zh: 这是我们做这四件事的最佳方式。
- start: 594.733
  end: 597.273
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Objectively, the best way.
  zh: 客观上的最佳方式。
- start: 597.273
  end: 597.833
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 597.833
  end: 601.313
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, and so adoration, first purpose.
  zh: 呃，首先是钦崇的目的。
- start: 601.313
  end: 611.173
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, and this, we see this throughout the Eucharistic liturgy, this often called doxology, glorifying, um, glorifying God.
  zh: 呃，我们在整个圣餐礼仪中看到这一点，这通常被称为颂赞，荣耀，呃，荣耀神。
- start: 611.173
  end: 618.493
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Through Him, with Him, and in Him, oh, God, Almighty Father, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, all glory and honor is yours forever and ever.
  zh: 藉着他，与他同在，在他内，哦，神，全能的天父，在圣灵的合一中，一切荣耀和尊贵永远归于你。
- start: 618.493
  end: 618.933
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 618.933
  end: 632.413
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: No better way to give glory to the Father than by offering the Son to the Father, making present, um, the supreme offering of Calvary, right?
  zh: 没有比将子献给父更好的方式归荣耀于父，使各各他的至高祭献临在，对吧？
- start: 632.413
  end: 633.833
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And joining our lives to it.
  zh: 并将我们的生命与之联合。
- start: 633.833
  end: 639.033
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so, the best way to adore God is to go to Mass, right?
  zh: 因此，钦崇神的最佳方式是参加弥撒，对吧？
- start: 639.033
  end: 643.713
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Yes, I love to adore God also outside of Mass, in my God corner, waking up in the morning and throughout the day.
  zh: 是的，我也喜欢在弥撒之外钦崇神，在我的神龛前，早晨醒来和全天。
- start: 643.713
  end: 650.533
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But the Mass is the greatest way, because I'm doing it together with Jesus, glorifying his Father.
  zh: 但弥撒是最伟大的方式，因为我是与耶稣一起做，荣耀他的父。
- start: 650.533
  end: 652.673
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Thanksgiving.
  zh: 感恩。
- start: 652.673
  end: 661.473
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Uh, what better way to give thanks to the Lord than to join again with His Son, offering Himself to the Father?
  zh: 呃，有什么比再次与他的子联合，将自己献给父更好的方式感谢主呢？
- start: 661.473
  end: 662.513
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 662.513
  end: 666.633
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Psalm, uh, 116 verses 12 and 13 speak of this.
  zh: 诗篇，呃，116篇12和13节谈到这一点。
- start: 666.633
  end: 671.113
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: '"What shall I render to the Lord for all His bounty, His goodness to me?'
  zh: 「我拿什么报答耶和华向我所赐的一切厚恩？
- start: 671.113
  end: 674.893
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I will lift up the cup of salvation," is the answer.
  zh: 我要举起救恩的杯，」这是答案。
- start: 674.893
  end: 684.333
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: '"I will lift up the cup of salvation, and call on the name of the Lord." And so we, we give thanks for everything.'
  zh: 「我要举起救恩的杯，称扬耶和华的名。」因此我们为一切感谢。
- start: 684.333
  end: 692.333
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: For our creation, for our redemption, for all the graces we received by joining in the perfect offering of thanksgiving.
  zh: 为我们的创造，为我们的救赎，为通过参与完美的感恩祭献所领受的一切恩典。
- start: 692.333
  end: 697.433
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's why the Eucharist is called Eucharist, which in Greek means thanksgiving.
  zh: 这就是为什么圣餐被称为Eucharist，在希腊语中是感恩的意思。
- start: 697.433
  end: 701.213
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right, supplication.
  zh: 好的，祈求。
- start: 701.213
  end: 710.173
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The Mass is the best way to bring everything, um, that I want to receive to bring my petitions, um, to the Lord.
  zh: 弥撒是将我想要领受的一切，呃，将我的祈求带到主面前的最佳方式。
- start: 710.173
  end: 710.933
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 710.933
  end: 715.573
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Yes, we bring those petitions outside of Mass, the Our Father, and throughout the day.
  zh: 是的，我们在弥撒之外也带来那些祈求，主祷文，以及全天。
- start: 715.573
  end: 721.673
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But the Mass is the best way, because I'm bringing those petitions together with the perfect offering.
  zh: 但弥撒是最佳方式，因为我是与完美的祭献一起带来那些祈求。
- start: 721.673
  end: 722.393
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 722.393
  end: 743.607
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And we see this in the Eucharistic liturgy.And also, a scripture, Hebrews 12 says that the, "In the mass where we have the blood of Christ poured out for us, that it speaks more graciously, more eloquently than the blood of Abel." But this effect depends also on our dispositions.
  zh: 我们在圣餐礼仪中看到这一点。还有，希伯来书12章说：「在弥撒中我们有基督为我们流出的血，它比亚伯的血更优美、更有力地说话。」但这效果也取决于我们的准备。
- start: 743.607
  end: 754.727
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Now also, I mentioned this in the preceding episode that the participation of the people is part of the divine plan and that's why we ask for him to look kindly upon our offering.
  zh: 我在前一集中也提到，人们的参与是神计划的一部分，这就是为什么我们请求他垂顾我们的祭献。
- start: 754.727
  end: 757.467
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Christ's part is perfect, ours is not.
  zh: 基督的部分是完美的，我们的不是。
- start: 757.467
  end: 762.908
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And therefore, the better dispositions we bring to the mass and the more participate, right?
  zh: 因此，我们为弥撒带来的准备越好，参与越多，对吧？
- start: 762.908
  end: 767.467
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: This is why it's not a, a small thing that many Catholics don't come to mass, right?
  zh: 这就是为什么许多公教徒不来参加弥撒不是小事，对吧？
- start: 767.467
  end: 774.427
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That, that weakens as it were the offering of the church even though it doesn't weaken Christ's offering.
  zh: 那在某种程度上削弱了教会的祭献，尽管它不会削弱基督的祭献。
- start: 774.427
  end: 787.187
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right, so our dispositions matter, um, and so we want to bring our dispositions though, our dispositions matter, but they fall short, and so we want to bring them together with the perfect sacrifice of Christ.
  zh: 对的，所以我们的准备很重要，呃，因此我们想带来我们的准备，尽管我们的准备很重要，但它们不足，所以我们想将它们与基督的完美牺牲一起带来。
- start: 787.187
  end: 797.167
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Finally, um, oh, and by the way, that's why in fact in the Eucharistic prayers we pray for all the needs of the whole church and the world.
  zh: 最后，呃，哦，顺便说一下，这就是为什么在圣餐祈祷中我们为整个教会和世界的所有需要祈祷。
- start: 797.167
  end: 798.127
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 798.127
  end: 810.727
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It's the best way to make those intercessions, and that, a beautiful example of this is the, um, liturgy of Good Friday, the solemn, um, prayer for the whole world, right, in a series of concentric circles.
  zh: 这是做那些代祷的最佳方式，一个美丽的例子是，呃，耶稣受难日的礼仪，庄严的，呃，为全世界的祈祷，对吧，在一系列的同心圆中。
- start: 810.727
  end: 829.047
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Not just for those who are inside the church, but also those who are outside, like the Jewish people, the, um, our, um, Muslim brothers and sisters who believe in the one God, and also for atheists, which I used to be, right, previous life.
  zh: 不仅为那些在教会内的人，也为那些在外的人，如犹太人，呃，我们的，呃，相信独一神的穆斯林兄弟姐妹，也为无神论者，我曾经是，对吧，前世。
- start: 829.047
  end: 840.147
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right, so every mass is offering for, um, the needs of the whole world, and above all, the spiritual needs, but also the physical needs.
  zh: 对的，所以每一台弥撒都是为，呃，全世界的需要奉献，尤其是灵性需要，也有物质需要。
- start: 840.147
  end: 841.407
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right.
  zh: 好的。
- start: 841.407
  end: 842.907
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Sacrifice of contrition.
  zh: 痛悔的牺牲。
- start: 842.907
  end: 850.207
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The mass is the perfect propitiatory sacrifice, right?
  zh: 弥撒是完美的赎罪祭，对吧？
- start: 850.207
  end: 860.647
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, in other words, it's the most perfect way of bringing, um, or, uh, of joining in Christ's satisfaction for sin.
  zh: 呃，换句话说，这是最完美的方式带来，呃，或，呃，参与基督为罪的补赎。
- start: 860.647
  end: 863.867
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It doesn't dispense me from going to the sacrament of penance, right?
  zh: 它并不免除我去告解圣事，对吧？
- start: 863.867
  end: 883.947
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I have to, um, make use of that sacrament as well, but, um, in the mass, it's the most, because it's the summit of the church's life, it's the summit of our joining with our Lord in offering sacrifice for sins, including our own, and those of our, our society and world.
  zh: 我必须，呃，也利用那圣事，但，呃，在弥撒中，它是最重要的，因为它是教会生活的顶峰，是我们与主联合为罪献祭的顶峰，包括我们自己的罪，以及我们社会和世界的罪。
- start: 883.947
  end: 894.987
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In order to understand this, it's helpful to consider that there are two effects or consequences of sin, and the masses efficacious in expiating both as it were.
  zh: 为了理解这一点，考虑罪有两个效果或后果是有帮助的，而弥撒在赎罪两方面都是有效的。
- start: 894.987
  end: 895.307
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right.
  zh: 好的。
- start: 895.307
  end: 895.787
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: What are they?
  zh: 它们是什么？
- start: 895.787
  end: 907.627
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, in every sin, let's, let's think of a mortal sin, um, one turns away from the Lord, the will of the Lord as known in conscience, to some created satisfaction.
  zh: 呃，在每一个罪中，让我们，让我们想一个大罪，呃，一个人背离主，良心所知的主的旨意，转向某种受造的满足。
- start: 907.627
  end: 915.327
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So there's a turning away from God and thus a turning away of my own will from the Lord, and that's the guilt of sin.
  zh: 所以有背离神，因此也有我自己的意志背离主，这就是罪的罪责。
- start: 915.327
  end: 937.987
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And repentance involves turning back around to the Lord in our hearts, and that's the first, but once I've done that, I've turned back in repentance to the Lord, there's still disorder in the world as a result of my sin, right, and my turning back to the Lord hasn't changed the, that disorder, right?
  zh: 悔改包括在心中转回向主，这是第一步，但一旦我这样做了，我以悔改转回向主，我的罪仍在世界上造成了混乱，对吧，而我转回向主并没有改变那混乱，对吧？
- start: 937.987
  end: 942.887
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The extreme case, let's suppose I've murdered someone, right, that murder then remains.
  zh: 极端的情况，假设我杀了人，对吧，那谋杀仍然存在。
- start: 942.887
  end: 958.967
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so in addition to turning back in our hearts to the Lord, we need to offer something in addition that's called satisfaction, um, to make up for the disorder that our sin has introduced into the world.
  zh: 因此，除了在心中转回向主，我们还需要额外提供一些东西，称为补赎，呃，以弥补我们的罪给世界带来的混乱。
- start: 958.967
  end: 966.267
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And this, um, is referred to in Catholic theology as the temporal punishment due to sin.
  zh: 这，呃，在公教神学中被称为罪的暂罚。
- start: 966.267
  end: 966.587
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right.
  zh: 好的。
- start: 966.587
  end: 974.807
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Maybe not the most perfect terminology, but it's, it's the idea that in addition to turning my heart back to God, I still need to offer something.
  zh: 也许不是最完美的术语，但它是，除了将我的心转回向神，我仍然需要提供一些东西的想法。
- start: 974.807
  end: 979.827
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The best way to think about this is suppose, um, I've offended, let's say, my spouse.
  zh: 思考这个问题的最佳方式是假设，呃，我冒犯了，比如说，我的配偶。
- start: 979.827
  end: 994.327
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, I ought to apologize, but, um, in addition to repenting and apologizing, I also ought to offer something that would be more pleasing than my sin was displeasing, and that might be hard to do.
  zh: 呃，我应该道歉，但，呃，除了悔改和道歉，我还应该提供一些比我的罪更令人愉悦的东西，这可能很难做到。
- start: 994.327
  end: 998.627
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, and in the case of our sins with respect to God, we can't do that, right?
  zh: 呃，就我们对神的罪而言，我们做不到，对吧？
- start: 998.627
  end: 1004.587
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We can't make perfect satisfaction for them, and that's why our Lord has satisfied on Calvary.
  zh: 我们无法为它们做出完美的补赎，这就是为什么我们的主在各各他做了补赎。
- start: 1004.587
  end: 1014.367
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But nevertheless, he wants us to participate, and I expressed this earlier saying the logic of the atonement is solidarity rather than substitution.
  zh: 尽管如此，他希望我们参与，我之前表达过这一点，说赎罪的逻辑是团结而非替代。
- start: 1014.367
  end: 1014.907
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1014.907
  end: 1019.307
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: He hasn't simply substituted for us, taking away all need for satisfaction.
  zh: 他不仅仅是替代我们，消除了所有补赎的需要。
- start: 1019.307
  end: 1022.087
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That would be the, kind of the more extreme Protestant view.
  zh: 那会是，某种更极端的新教观点。
- start: 1022.087
  end: 1036.607
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But rather, he's offered what we can't offer of perfect satisfaction, um, and given us grace so that we can offer our own proportionate satisfaction with him, right?
  zh: 相反，他提供了我们无法提供的完美补赎，呃，并赐给我们恩典，使我们能与他一起提供我们相称的补赎，对吧？
- start: 1036.607
  end: 1054.047
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so in the mass, we can, um, the mass is offered for this end, right, to atone for the temporal punishment due to sin, um, and to win the graces for repentance for those who are still, um, unrepentant.
  zh: 因此在弥撒中，我们可以，呃，弥撒是为这个目的奉献的，对吧，为罪的暂罚赎罪，呃，并为那些仍然，呃，不悔改的人赢得悔改的恩典。
- start: 1054.047
  end: 1054.587
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1054.587
  end: 1058.407
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In other words it, the mass wins graces for both of these effects.
  zh: 换句话说，弥撒为这两种效果赢得恩典。
- start: 1058.407
  end: 1070.907
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Graces of conversion for those who have turned away from the Lord, and graces, um, enabling satisfaction for those who have already, um, turned their hearts back to him.
  zh: 为那些背离主的人赢得皈依的恩典，为那些已经，呃，将心转回向他的人赢得补赎的恩典。
- start: 1070.907
  end: 1074.327
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1074.327
  end: 1078.767
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And, and it's in this second sense that it's offered for those in purgatory, right?
  zh: 而且，正是在这第二种意义上，它是为炼狱中的人奉献的，对吧？
- start: 1078.767
  end: 1092.341
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Those in, in purgatory are in purgatory because before they died, they, in their hearts, turned back to God and repented, but they're in purgatory because they didn't sufficiently make satisfaction for their sins.And that's...
  zh: 那些在炼狱中的人在炼狱中是因为他们在死前，在心中转回向神并悔改了，但他们在炼狱中是因为他们没有为他们的罪充分补赎。那是……
- start: 1092.341
  end: 1094.481
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And they can't anymore, right, because they're in purgatory.
  zh: 他们不能再做了，对吧，因为他们在炼狱中。
- start: 1094.481
  end: 1096.741
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: They can't do the acts of...
  zh: 他们不能做……的行为
- start: 1096.741
  end: 1104.821
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: See, the Latin acts of alms giving, prayer and, and penance, um, for, for, um, for others.
  zh: 看，拉丁语的施舍、祈祷和，呃，补赎行为，呃，为，呃，为他人。
- start: 1104.821
  end: 1105.402
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: They...
  zh: 他们……
- start: 1105.402
  end: 1107.382
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Yes, they pray in purgatory but...
  zh: 是的，他们在炼狱中祈祷，但……
- start: 1107.382
  end: 1108.522
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And, and are purified.
  zh: 而且，而且被净化。
- start: 1108.522
  end: 1110.461
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But we can aid them, right?
  zh: 但我们可以帮助他们，对吧？
- start: 1110.461
  end: 1116.001
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And we aid them precisely by offering the sacrifice of the mass on their behalf as well.
  zh: 我们正是通过代表他们奉献弥撒的牺牲来帮助他们。
- start: 1116.001
  end: 1116.801
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1116.801
  end: 1117.522
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And this is in...
  zh: 这在...
- start: 1117.522
  end: 1120.301
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: This was part of the Reformation controversy, right?
  zh: 这是宗教改革争议的一部分，对吧？
- start: 1120.301
  end: 1129.241
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Luther objected to this as a human work, um, and objected to the very notion of purgatory, because of the idea of substitutionary punishment, right?
  zh: 路德反对这是人的作为，呃，也反对炼狱的概念，因为代罚的观念，对吧？
- start: 1129.241
  end: 1130.421
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Christ took the hit for all.
  zh: 基督为所有人承担了惩罚。
- start: 1130.421
  end: 1132.201
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: There should be no more satisfaction.
  zh: 不应再有补赎。
- start: 1132.201
  end: 1134.122
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But that's not the church's tradition.
  zh: 但这不是教会的传统。
- start: 1134.122
  end: 1147.501
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And we can see this going way back, that all the ancient liturgical prayers, Eucharistic prayers, speak of this, um, purpose of the mass, um, of being offered for not just the living, but also the faithful departed.
  zh: 我们可以看到这由来已久，所有古代礼仪祈祷、圣餐祈祷都谈到这一点，呃，弥撒的目的，呃，不仅为生者，也为亡者奉献。
- start: 1147.501
  end: 1153.901
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And this has been defined by the Council of Trent as a dogma of faith.
  zh: 特伦托会议将此定义为信仰教条。
- start: 1153.901
  end: 1173.401
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So the Council of Trent says if anyone says that the sacrifice of the mass is merely an offering of praise and thanksgiving, or that it's a simple memorial of the sacrifice offered on the cross and not propitiatory, or that it benefits only those who communicate and should not be offered for the living and the dead, for sins, punishments, satisfaction of the necessities, let him be anathema.
  zh: 特伦托会议说，若有人说弥撒的牺牲仅是赞美和感恩的奉献，或仅是十字架上牺牲的简单纪念而非赎罪，或仅使领圣餐者受益，不应为生者和死者、为罪、为罚、为需要的补赎奉献，这人当受绝罚。
- start: 1173.401
  end: 1174.521
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1174.521
  end: 1182.361
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So that Trent is defined that it has this effect, um, of benefiting the faithful departed who are still in purgatory.
  zh: 因此特伦托会议定义它有这效果，呃，使仍在炼狱中的亡者受益。
- start: 1182.361
  end: 1187.821
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But we see this going far before the Council of Trent.
  zh: 但我们看到这远在特伦托会议之前。
- start: 1187.821
  end: 1189.021
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: One of my, um...
  zh: 我的一个，呃...
- start: 1189.021
  end: 1202.041
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So Saint Cyril of Jerusalem in his Catechesis to the Neophytes after Easter, in Easter week, explains the mass to the neophytes, the newly baptized.
  zh: 耶路撒冷的圣区利罗在复活节后对新教友的教理讲授中，在复活周，向新受洗者解释弥撒。
- start: 1202.041
  end: 1206.921
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And he says, "After the, um..." It's after the consecration.
  zh: 他说：「在，呃...」是在祝圣之后。
- start: 1206.921
  end: 1223.481
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: '"After that, we pray on behalf of the holy fathers and bishops, and in general, all amongst us already gone to their rest, for we believe that these souls will obtain the greatest help if we make our prayers for them while the holy and most awesome sacrifice is being offered." Right?'
  zh: 「之后，我们为圣父们和主教们祈祷，总的来说，为我们中已安息的人祈祷，因为我们相信这些灵魂将获得最大的帮助，如果我们在神圣而可畏的牺牲被奉献时为他们祈祷。」对吧？
- start: 1223.481
  end: 1226.621
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: This is the middle of the fourth century in Jerusalem.
  zh: 这是四世纪中叶在耶路撒冷。
- start: 1226.621
  end: 1230.181
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And we find it throughout the, um, um, the patristic period.
  zh: 我们在整个，呃，教父时期都发现这一点。
- start: 1230.181
  end: 1233.981
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All the ancient liturgies pray for not just the living, but the dead.
  zh: 所有古代礼仪不仅为生者，也为亡者祈祷。
- start: 1233.981
  end: 1238.401
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And he goes on to explain it more.
  zh: 他继续更详细地解释。
- start: 1238.401
  end: 1247.881
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, another testimony, m- maybe my favorite, is that of Saint Monica, um, as recounted by Saint Augustine, um, her son, in his confessions.
  zh: 呃，另一个见证，也-也许我最喜欢的，是圣莫尼加的见证，呃，由她的儿子圣奥古斯丁在《忏悔录》中叙述。
- start: 1247.881
  end: 1255.261
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So there's a beautiful dialogue between Saint Monica and Augustine as she's on her deathbed, um, shortly before she dies.
  zh: 圣莫尼加临终前，呃，在她去世前不久，与奥古斯丁有一段美丽的对话。
- start: 1255.261
  end: 1262.701
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And, and she was on her way back to Africa, um, and her plan was to be buried with her husband in a, a...
  zh: 而且，她正在返回非洲的路上，呃，她的计划是与丈夫合葬在，呃...
- start: 1262.701
  end: 1264.321
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: You know, in a, um...
  zh: 你知道，在，呃...
- start: 1264.321
  end: 1265.161
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Together with him.
  zh: 与他一起。
- start: 1265.161
  end: 1270.481
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But, um, she got sick in the port of Rome, Ostia, and that couldn't...
  zh: 但，呃，她在罗马港口奥斯蒂亚生病了，那不能...
- start: 1270.481
  end: 1271.301
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: She couldn't go back.
  zh: 她无法回去。
- start: 1271.301
  end: 1275.161
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And, um, Augustine's brother expressed his regret at that.
  zh: 而且，呃，奥古斯丁的兄弟对此表示遗憾。
- start: 1275.161
  end: 1279.101
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And Monica said, "Oh, bury this body anywhere.
  zh: 莫尼卡说：「哦，把这身体埋在任何地方。
- start: 1279.101
  end: 1280.561
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Let its care give you no concern.
  zh: 不要为它的安放操心。
- start: 1280.561
  end: 1287.921
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Only one thing do I ask of you, that you remember me at the altar of the Lord, wherever you may be." Right?
  zh: 我只求你们一件事，无论你们在哪里，都要在主的祭台前记念我。」对吧？
- start: 1287.921
  end: 1293.681
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So she's asking, um, her sons to remember her in the celebration of every mass.
  zh: 所以她请求，呃，她的儿子们在每台弥撒中记念她。
- start: 1293.681
  end: 1294.201
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1294.201
  end: 1302.141
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's showing this ancient faith of the church, that this sacrifice of the mass benefits those who are in purgatory, right?
  zh: 这表明了教会古老的信仰，弥撒的牺牲使炼狱中的人受益，对吧？
- start: 1302.141
  end: 1304.161
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Probably she didn't have to go to purgatory.
  zh: 也许她不必去炼狱。
- start: 1304.161
  end: 1305.441
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: She's Saint Monica.
  zh: 她是圣莫尼加。
- start: 1305.441
  end: 1314.601
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But nevertheless, um, we should all think that we, um, have imperfectly made satisfaction and thus, um, we should ask for masses to be celebrated.
  zh: 但尽管如此，呃，我们都应该认为我们，呃，没有充分补赎，因此，呃，我们应该请求举行弥撒。
- start: 1314.601
  end: 1325.601
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And Saint Augustine then goes on to say, "After her death, the sacrifice of redemption was offered for her." Now, we can...
  zh: 圣奥古斯丁接着说：「她去世后，为她的救赎牺牲被奉献。」现在，我们可以...
- start: 1325.601
  end: 1329.321
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So kind of summarizing what we've said so far, so far.
  zh: 所以总结一下我们目前所说的。
- start: 1329.321
  end: 1343.621
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, the sacrifice of the mass, in addition to its effective glorifying and thanking the Lord, also has this descending effect of, um, winning graces for conversion.
  zh: 呃，弥撒的牺牲，除了有效地荣耀和感谢主，还有这降下的效果，呃，为皈依赢得恩典。
- start: 1343.621
  end: 1348.441
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That is, graces for repentance and conversion, graces for continued satisfaction.
  zh: 即悔改和皈依的恩典，持续补赎的恩典。
- start: 1348.441
  end: 1354.141
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Simply the graces of the Christian life and the graces of conversion for those outside the church.
  zh: 简单说，基督徒生活的恩典和教会外皈依的恩典。
- start: 1354.141
  end: 1360.501
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, and we can see this as the universal effect of every mass.
  zh: 呃，我们可以将此视为每台弥撒的普遍效果。
- start: 1360.501
  end: 1368.741
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But in addition to that universal effect, um, the mass also has particular effects that we pray for particularly.
  zh: 但除了这普遍效果，呃，弥撒也有我们特别祈求的特殊效果。
- start: 1368.741
  end: 1369.761
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1369.761
  end: 1375.741
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so we can speak of different classes of recipients of the benefits of the mass.
  zh: 因此我们可以谈论弥撒益处的不同类别领受者。
- start: 1375.741
  end: 1375.961
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right?
  zh: 好吗？
- start: 1375.961
  end: 1381.501
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So the first class we said is the whole world and those in purgatory, right?
  zh: 所以我们说的第一类是全世界和炼狱中的人，对吧？
- start: 1381.501
  end: 1383.241
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Offered for the living and the dead.
  zh: 为生者和亡者奉献。
- start: 1383.241
  end: 1391.301
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And every mass has this universal effect, and that's why every mass shouldn't be considered to be merely private, right?
  zh: 每台弥撒都有这普遍效果，因此每台弥撒不应被视为仅是私人的，对吧？
- start: 1391.301
  end: 1397.081
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So even if there are, um, none of the faithful present, it's still an offering ex-...
  zh: 所以即使，呃，没有信徒在场，它仍然是教会的奉...
- start: 1397.081
  end: 1402.401
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, of the whole church and benefiting the whole church and the whole world.
  zh: 呃，整个教会的奉献，使整个教会和全世界受益。
- start: 1402.401
  end: 1414.001
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But in addition to that universal effect, the mass also has a special fruit that corresponds to the special intentions for which it's offered by the priest, right?
  zh: 但除了这普遍效果，弥撒也有与祭司奉献的特殊意向相对应的特殊果实，对吧？
- start: 1414.001
  end: 1421.661
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And this normally corresponds to, um, um, the intention of the faithful, um, who offer a stipend, right?
  zh: 这通常对应于，呃，呃，信徒的意向，呃，他们奉献弥撒献仪，对吧？
- start: 1421.661
  end: 1425.121
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The mass stipend, um, which is represe-...
  zh: 弥撒献仪，呃，这是表...
- start: 1425.121
  end: 1426.321
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Is the sign, right?
  zh: 是标记，对吧？
- start: 1426.321
  end: 1430.201
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Of the interior desire of the faithful, um, who offer, right?
  zh: 信徒内心渴望的标记，呃，他们奉献，对吧？
- start: 1430.201
  end: 1432.981
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, who offer the mass.
  zh: 呃，他们奉献弥撒。
- start: 1432.981
  end: 1440.081
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, and this, um, special intention can be for the living or the dead, right?
  zh: 呃，这，呃，特殊意向可以是为生者或亡者，对吧？
- start: 1440.081
  end: 1445.581
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So for those of the faithful departed who ha- passed, but also for intentions for the living.
  zh: 所以为已逝的信徒，也为生者的意向。
- start: 1445.581
  end: 1447.561
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1447.561
  end: 1454.443
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so this is a great work of charity for our loved ones who have passed away and our loved ones who haven't passed away....
  zh: 因此这是对我们已逝和未逝的亲人极大的仁爱工作...
- start: 1454.443
  end: 1458.143
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I thought it's the special intention, um, for which the Mass is offered.
  zh: 我认为这是弥撒奉献的特殊意向，呃。
- start: 1458.143
  end: 1470.003
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But in addition to that, there's also a personal fruit for the priest who celebrates, so he can have an additional intention, um, and all of the faithful who are present with devotion, who also have their own intentions.
  zh: 但除此之外，主礼祭司也有个人果实，所以他可以有额外意向，呃，所有虔诚在场的信徒也有自己的意向。
- start: 1470.003
  end: 1470.283
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right?
  zh: 好吗？
- start: 1470.283
  end: 1476.523
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's also mentioned in the various Eucharistic prayers, um, such as the Roman Canon.
  zh: 这也在各种圣餐祈祷中提到，呃，如罗马正典。
- start: 1476.523
  end: 1477.423
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1477.423
  end: 1484.883
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And it follows from this, that the greater the devotion of priest and faithful, the greater will be their personal fruit.
  zh: 由此可知，祭司和信徒越虔诚，他们的个人果实就越大。
- start: 1484.883
  end: 1499.344
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Now, obviously, God can, um, can distribute his graces as he wills, but we said he's a God of order and this is the ordinary way that, um, greater devotion in the offering, that means greater desire, right?
  zh: 显然，神可以，呃，按他的旨意分配恩典，但我们说他是秩序之神，这是通常的方式，呃，奉献中更大的虔诚意味着更大的渴望，对吧？
- start: 1499.344
  end: 1504.024
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Greater hunger and thirst for these fruits, the more fruits will be given, right?
  zh: 对这些果实越饥渴，就会得到越多果实，对吧？
- start: 1504.024
  end: 1505.423
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's a law of the Gospel.
  zh: 这是福音的法则。
- start: 1505.423
  end: 1514.323
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Jesus says, "It seems unfair to us, but to he who has more, more will be given." And here, by more we mean, above all, desire.
  zh: 耶稣说：「这对我们似乎不公平，但有的，还要给他。」这里，我们说的有，首先是指渴望。
- start: 1514.323
  end: 1515.403
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1515.403
  end: 1517.803
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's what we want to ask for greater desire.
  zh: 这就是我们想祈求更大的渴望。
- start: 1517.803
  end: 1519.743
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right?
  zh: 好吗？
- start: 1519.743
  end: 1525.503
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So this personal fruit is not strictly dependent on receiving communion.
  zh: 所以这个人果实并不严格依赖于领圣餐。
- start: 1525.503
  end: 1525.923
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1525.923
  end: 1535.203
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It's, one can receive this fruit, because it's a fruit from the offering, right, joining devoutly in the offering and imploring its, its fruits.
  zh: 一个人可以领受这果实，因为它是来自奉献的果实，对吧，虔诚地参与奉献并祈求它的果实。
- start: 1535.203
  end: 1539.663
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Now, obviously, the best way to implore those fruits is also to receive communion.
  zh: 显然，祈求这些果实的最佳方式也是领圣餐。
- start: 1539.663
  end: 1541.203
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We'll come back to that in a later talk.
  zh: 我们将在以后的谈话中回到这一点。
- start: 1541.203
  end: 1548.783
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But whoever cannot receive communion can still gain this fruit from devout participation in the Mass.
  zh: 但凡是不能领圣餐的人，仍能通过虔诚参与弥撒获得这果实。
- start: 1548.783
  end: 1552.243
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Okay.
  zh: 好的。
- start: 1552.243
  end: 1568.223
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So we've said there's the universal, um, effect, there's the special intention, and there are the personal intentions of priest and faithful and, um, the faithful who are present, but also the faithful who can't be present, right, due to sickness or other, um, impediment.
  zh: 我们说过有普遍效果、特殊意向，还有祭司与信众的个人意向，呃，包括在场的信众，也包括因病或其他阻碍无法出席的信众。
- start: 1568.223
  end: 1574.103
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Okay, so going back to our original question, why many Masses?
  zh: 回到最初的问题：为何要举行多台弥撒？
- start: 1574.103
  end: 1580.943
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: I think we've answered, given many reasons for that, um, but is there a value in multiplying Masses?
  zh: 我们已给出诸多理由，但增加弥撒次数真有价值吗？
- start: 1580.943
  end: 1589.543
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And the answer, based on all that we've said, is clearly yes, but it's not strictly a matter of quantity, it's a matter of quality together with quantity, right?
  zh: 根据所述，答案显然是肯定的——但这不单是数量问题，更是质量与数量的结合。
- start: 1589.543
  end: 1590.603
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Based on what we've said.
  zh: 如前所述。
- start: 1590.603
  end: 1597.443
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So we want to multiply the representation of Calvary, but we also want to multiply the desire of the faithful.
  zh: 我们既要增加各各他的临现，也要增强信众的渴慕。
- start: 1597.443
  end: 1598.463
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1598.463
  end: 1601.883
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, and yes, this is why there's Sunday Mass obligation, but it's...
  zh: 正因如此才有主日弥撒义务，但...
- start: 1601.883
  end: 1606.583
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: A mere obligation doesn't produce that increase of quality and desire.
  zh: 单靠义务无法提升质量与渴慕。
- start: 1606.583
  end: 1607.383
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吗？
- start: 1607.383
  end: 1613.443
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We need catechesis, prayer, and the spiritual life, and, um, good examples.
  zh: 需要教理讲授、祈祷、灵修生活，以及善表。
- start: 1613.443
  end: 1615.163
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right.
  zh: 明白了。
- start: 1615.163
  end: 1628.183
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: "But somebody could make this objection: Every Mass is an infinite sacrifice, and that's true, because it's Christ's sacrifice which has infinite power, um, represented on the altar."
  zh: 可能有人质疑：每台弥撒都是无限的祭献（因基督的牺牲具有无限大能），
- start: 1628.183
  end: 1629.323
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So if...
  zh: 那么...
- start: 1629.323
  end: 1632.323
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: What's the point of multiplying infinities, right?
  zh: 增加无限次数有何意义？
- start: 1632.323
  end: 1635.983
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Are a million infinities more infinite than one?
  zh: 百万次无限会比一次更无限吗？
- start: 1635.983
  end: 1637.023
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, no.
  zh: 当然不。
- start: 1637.023
  end: 1638.783
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Um, so it's not...
  zh: 所以...
- start: 1638.783
  end: 1640.283
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So how should we answer that?
  zh: 该如何回应？
- start: 1640.283
  end: 1645.243
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Multiplying the celebration of the Mass doesn't multiply Christ's sacrifice.
  zh: 增加弥撒次数并非增加基督的牺牲。
- start: 1645.243
  end: 1645.823
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right?
  zh: 明白吗？
- start: 1645.823
  end: 1646.803
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: That's really important.
  zh: 这很关键。
- start: 1646.803
  end: 1649.063
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Christ died once and for all.
  zh: 基督一次而永远地牺牲。
- start: 1649.063
  end: 1656.403
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: His sacrifice is one, and we don't multiply it, we simply make it present in every Mass.
  zh: 他的牺牲是唯一的，我们只是使之在每台弥撒中临现。
- start: 1656.403
  end: 1670.843
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But what gets added is the participation of the Church, and that really does get added, um, by multiplying Masses, and, but, and that's why it's not just about quantity, but it's, above all, about quality.
  zh: 真正增加的是教会的参与——通过更多弥撒实现的参与。因此核心不在数量，而在质量。
- start: 1670.843
  end: 1679.643
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: In other words, um, we participate and that, God takes into account in, um, showering graces on the world.
  zh: 我们的参与，是神倾注恩典时的考量因素。
- start: 1679.643
  end: 1692.863
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Saint Thomas, um, argues for this in his Summa, um, the Pardon of the Eucharist, Question 79, Article 5, and he speaks about these fruits of the Mass as being dependent on our dispositions.
  zh: 圣托马斯在《神学大全》圣餐部分79题5节指出：弥撒果实取决于我们的准备。
- start: 1692.863
  end: 1705.263
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: He says, um, "In making satisfaction, the affection of the offerer is weighed more than the quantity of the offering." Right?
  zh: 他说：「补赎时，奉献者的热忱比奉献量更重要。」
- start: 1705.263
  end: 1713.743
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Hence, our Lord says that, "The widow, the poor widow who offered two mites, cast in more than all the rest." Right?
  zh: 正如主说：穷寡妇投的两个小钱比众人更多。
- start: 1713.743
  end: 1715.643
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Another s- good analogy there.
  zh: 又一个绝佳类比。
- start: 1715.643
  end: 1724.543
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: It's not the, the objective, um, um, thing so much in making satisfaction as the desire of the heart and the gift of the heart.
  zh: 补赎的关键不在客观事物，而在心灵的渴望与奉献。
- start: 1724.543
  end: 1725.343
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1725.343
  end: 1738.423
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so, um, now, applied to the Mass, yes, obviously the objective part is principle, because that's Christ's offering, but yes, that's once and for all, and what we join to that is the offering of our own hearts.
  zh: 应用于弥撒：虽然客观部分（基督的奉献）是首要的，但那是唯一的，我们添加的是自己心灵的奉献。
- start: 1738.423
  end: 1738.703
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吗？
- start: 1738.703
  end: 1744.343
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so that's, um, that's very significant for the fruits of grace in the world.
  zh: 这对世间恩典果实至关重要。
- start: 1744.343
  end: 1759.923
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And so the application of the Mass, we could say, is measured, um, to the words of the great theologian, Charles Journet, "They are measured by the fervor of those who, through Christ, with Christ, and in Christ, pray for the salvation of the world." Right?
  zh: 正如神学家查尔斯·儒内所言：「弥撒的功效，取决于人们藉着基督、与基督、在基督内为世界得救祈祷的热忱。」
- start: 1759.923
  end: 1764.843
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And it's further conditioned by the dispositions of those for whom we pray.
  zh: 还受被代祷者心灵状态的影响。
- start: 1764.843
  end: 1766.283
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1766.283
  end: 1768.283
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And likewise, for those in purgatory, right?
  zh: 炼狱灵魂亦然。
- start: 1768.283
  end: 1777.023
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that's why you can't simply say, "Well, I'll offer one Mass for those in purgatory and we're done." We don't know the dispositions of our, um, loved ones who have passed away.
  zh: 不能说「献一台弥撒就够了」，因我们不知亡者的心灵状态。
- start: 1777.023
  end: 1777.523
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吗？
- start: 1777.523
  end: 1782.983
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And maybe they need more Masses, because of their dispositions, or maybe less, and we can't know that.
  zh: 或许因他们的状态需要更多弥撒，或许更少，我们无从知晓。
- start: 1782.983
  end: 1785.583
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: All right?
  zh: 明白吗？
- start: 1785.583
  end: 1799.683
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: So since each Mass applies these blessings and graces to the world, the multiplication of the acts of offering the sacrifice, and that is of our joining to it, does bring down more blessings on the world.
  zh: 既然每台弥撒都向世界分施恩典，增加奉献行动（即我们的参与）确实会带来更多祝福。
- start: 1799.683
  end: 1802.603
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And the more we join, the more that's true.
  zh: 参与越多，效果越显。
- start: 1802.603
  end: 1804.803
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Okay.
  zh: 好的。
- start: 1804.803
  end: 1810.823
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: You can see th- this whole question is, um, there's a logic of superabundance.
  zh: 可见这问题背后是「丰盈的逻辑」。
- start: 1810.823
  end: 1820.626
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Jesus, in instituting his Church and its sacramental economy...And, and the mass is not looking at the minimum, right?
  zh: 耶稣建立教会及圣事体系时...弥撒从不追求最低限度，
- start: 1820.626
  end: 1824.525
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: One mass would be enough for all time, but it's looking for a maximum, right?
  zh: 一台弥撒本已足够，但祂追求极大值，
- start: 1824.525
  end: 1826.665
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: To maximize, because he...
  zh: 因为祂...
- start: 1826.665
  end: 1836.925
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: just as he super abundantly redeemed us, so he wants to super abundantly shower graces on the world and have us involved in that process.
  zh: 正如祂以丰盈救赎我们，也愿以丰沛恩典倾注世界，并让我们参与其中。
- start: 1836.925
  end: 1853.085
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Christ could have given his church a lesser sacrifice than his own sacrifice of Calvary, but he chose to give us this super abundant offering, and having given us the mass, he could have willed that it be offered rarely, right?
  zh: 基督本可赐予教会次于各各他的牺牲，却选择了这丰盈祭献；祂本可规定弥撒罕行，
- start: 1853.085
  end: 1859.045
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: But the logic of super abundance indicates that it should be offered frequently, right?
  zh: 但丰盈逻辑要求频繁举行。
- start: 1859.045
  end: 1862.485
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: If possible, daily, in every place by every priest.
  zh: 可能的话，每位祭司每日在各处举行。
- start: 1862.485
  end: 1865.126
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吧？
- start: 1865.126
  end: 1874.566
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The right question isn't whether a smaller number would be sufficient, but how best to correspond to the Lord's logic of super abundance.
  zh: 正确问题不是「最少几台才够」，而是「如何最契合上主的丰盈逻辑」。
- start: 1874.566
  end: 1878.825
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Right?
  zh: 对吗？
- start: 1878.825
  end: 1894.845
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And it's not because of any insufficiency of Calvary, and we're not multiplying Calvary, but we're joining ourselves day by day with Calvary and then multiplying the acts of offering, right?
  zh: 这不是因各各他不足，我们并非增加基督的牺牲，而是日复一日参与其中，增加奉献行动。
- start: 1894.845
  end: 1903.425
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Not multiplying in the sacrifice of Calvary, but multiplying our acts of joining in the offering.
  zh: 不是增加牺牲次数，而是增加我们的参与。
- start: 1903.425
  end: 1912.245
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Multiplying the priestly acts, ministerial priests, but also that of the common priesthood of the faithful, right?
  zh: 增加祭司的职务性奉献，也增加信众的普通祭司职奉献。
- start: 1912.245
  end: 1916.085
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: And that gives glory to God and wins fruit for the Earth.
  zh: 如此光荣神，为世界赢得果实。
- start: 1916.085
  end: 1919.645
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We'll, uh, leave this episode here.
  zh: 本集到此结束。
- start: 1919.645
  end: 1934.485
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: We give you thanks, almighty God, for having given to your church the mass abundantly offered so that you can, um, shower the Earth with its fruits through Christ our Lord.
  zh: 全能的神，我们感谢你赐予教会如此丰盛的弥撒，使我们能藉主基督向世界倾注恩典。
- start: 1934.485
  end: 1935.125
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Amen.
  zh: 阿们。
- start: 1935.125
  end: 1937.966
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: The Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit.
  zh: 愿父、子及圣灵，
- start: 1937.966
  end: 1938.945
  speaker: speaker_0
  en: Amen.
  zh: 阿们。
