- start_time:
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  text: The liturgy of the Eucharist begins at the altar.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 10
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  end_time:
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  text: So now the emphasis goes from the ambo, where the word was being proclaimed, to the altar.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 17
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  end_time:
    secs: 22
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  text: And the focus is on the altar, that Jesus, again, is the priest, the altar, and the lamb of sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 22
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  end_time:
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  text: So there's a lot of symbolism at work in, uh, in the different parts and the, and the pieces that are used at the altar.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 30
    nanos: 499000000
  end_time:
    secs: 36
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  text: But after the priest has set up the altar, he will, uh, go down to receive the gifts.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 36
    nanos: 200000000
  end_time:
    secs: 45
    nanos: 580000000
  text: Now, the gifts are, are processed up, usually a ciborium, um, a golden container, uh, with the bread, and also a cruet of the wine.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 45
    nanos: 580000000
  end_time:
    secs: 56
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  text: Now, this is symbolic of the people's offering, because in the early church, the people, when they attended the liturgy, they would bring whatever was their trade or whatever was their crop.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 56
    nanos: 439000000
  end_time:
    secs: 60
    nanos: 779000000
  text: And so someone might bring, um, some of the, of the crops that they had grown.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 60
    nanos: 779000000
  end_time:
    secs: 61
    nanos: 999000000
  text: And, um...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 61
    nanos: 999000000
  end_time:
    secs: 75
    nanos: 59000000
  text: And this goes all the way back to remind us that just as the bread comes from many grains and the wine comes from many grapes that are crushed, so also our sacrifices collectively, um, are brought up and presented to the Lord.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 75
    nanos: 59000000
  end_time:
    secs: 87
    nanos: 539000000
  text: It was about the 11th century that a mi- a monetary or a financial collection was taken up, um, and that was the symbolic way of the people bringing their gifts, uh, to be presented to God.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 87
    nanos: 539000000
  end_time:
    secs: 97
    nanos: 679000000
  text: The offertory prayers, um, are a Jewish blessing, and these, these are found in the Didache, the teaching of the 12 Apostles, and they're really rooted in Jewish blessings.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 97
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  end_time:
    secs: 100
    nanos: 259000000
  text: So blessed are You, Lord God of all creation.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 100
    nanos: 259000000
  end_time:
    secs: 101
    nanos: 999000000
  text: Uh, and it has a three-fold idea.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 101
    nanos: 999000000
  end_time:
    secs: 108
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  text: First, that the bread and the wine are products of the earth and symbolize our earth and our life, that they are gifts from God.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 108
    nanos: 879000000
  end_time:
    secs: 112
    nanos: 259000000
  text: Secondly, they signify the work of our hands and our daily labor.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 112
    nanos: 259000000
  end_time:
    secs: 120
    nanos: 739000000
  text: And thirdly, they are offered here as the material matter or disguise for what will become the body and the blood of Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 120
    nanos: 739000000
  end_time:
    secs: 130
    nanos: 59000000
  text: There's a splash of, uh, a drop of, of water that is poured into the wine, and we call this the commingling of the, of the water and the wine.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 130
    nanos: 59000000
  end_time:
    secs: 138
    nanos: 59000000
  text: In the early, early, uh, days of Christianity, the wine was very dense, and so they would cut it with some water.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 138
    nanos: 59000000
  end_time:
    secs: 143
    nanos: 19000000
  text: And so even today, we pour just a drop of, of water into the wine.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 143
    nanos: 19000000
  end_time:
    secs: 149
    nanos: 939000000
  text: But really, this symbolizes the divinity and the humanity of Christ, that once those two are joined together, they can never be separated.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 149
    nanos: 939000000
  end_time:
    secs: 152
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  text: And so the priest prays silently, a, a, a short prayer.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 152
    nanos: 799000000
  end_time:
    secs: 170
    nanos: 179000000
  text: '"By the mystery of this water and wine, may we come to share in the divinity of Christ who humbled himself to share in our humanity." So we also are, uh, invited to share in the divinity of Christ, because He became one of us in order to make us divine.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 170
    nanos: 179000000
  end_time:
    secs: 180
    nanos: 559000000
  text: After the offering of the chalice, there is, uh, the washing of the hands, that the priest is washing his hands just like in the early, uh, the earliest priests.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 180
    nanos: 559000000
  end_time:
    secs: 181
    nanos: 839000000
  text: Aaron, before...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 181
    nanos: 839000000
  end_time:
    secs: 186
    nanos: 719000000
  text: the brother of Moses, before he became, uh, a priest and before he entered into sacrifice, he was washed.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 186
    nanos: 719000000
  end_time:
    secs: 195
    nanos: 299000000
  text: And so the priest washes his hands, uh, to remind himself that, that, um, he needs that interior purity in order to offer the sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 195
    nanos: 299000000
  end_time:
    secs: 196
    nanos: 139000000
  text: He then...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 196
    nanos: 139000000
  end_time:
    secs: 197
    nanos: 939000000
  text: The priest then invites the people to pray.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 197
    nanos: 939000000
  end_time:
    secs: 215
    nanos: 979000000
  text: '"Pray, brothers and sisters, that my sacrifice and yours may be acceptable to God, the Almighty Father." And so it''s really a command to pray, not only on the behalf of the priest who is about to offer the sacrifice, but also to join and to unite all of our prayers, uh, with those of the priest and ultimately, with those of Christ.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 215
    nanos: 979000000
  end_time:
    secs: 223
    nanos: 119000000
  text: We then proceed into the Eucharistic prayer, which has several different parts, but it begins with the preface.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 223
    nanos: 119000000
  end_time:
    secs: 231
    nanos: 459000000
  text: And the preface goes back to the, the earliest times of Christianity, including the dialogue, "The Lord be with you and with your spirit.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 231
    nanos: 459000000
  end_time:
    secs: 232
    nanos: 999000000
  text: Lift up your hearts.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 232
    nanos: 999000000
  end_time:
    secs: 236
    nanos: 879000000
  text: We lift them up to the Lord." This was kind of like in the Book of Revelation.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 236
    nanos: 879000000
  end_time:
    secs: 241
    nanos: 919000000
  text: John is told, "Come up here," and we are called to come up, come up into the realms of Heaven.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 241
    nanos: 919000000
  end_time:
    secs: 247
    nanos: 119000000
  text: And so we're called to lift up our hearts into the very, uh, throne room of God.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 247
    nanos: 119000000
  end_time:
    secs: 259
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  text: The preface ends always with a, a reminder of the angels, the angels and saints who are present, and we ask them to, to share in our, uh, praise of God, because they do a much better job than we do.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 259
    nanos: 439000000
  end_time:
    secs: 264
    nanos: 719000000
  text: And, and then we c- continue into the Sanctus, or the holy, holy, holy.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 264
    nanos: 719000000
  end_time:
    secs: 287
    nanos: 539000000
  text: This goes back to the Book of Isaiah, and also the Palm Sunday when the people cried out with great joy and acclamation, "Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord." At this point, the people kneel as a sign of reverence, as a sign of, of littleness before God, and the posture of kneeling, uh, will proceed throughout the rest of the Eucharistic prayer.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 287
    nanos: 539000000
  end_time:
    secs: 299
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  text: The priest begins with the, um, the prayers, usually a, a prayer of, of, again, adoration or praise before God, and then he will continue with the epiclesis.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 299
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  end_time:
    secs: 319
    nanos: 439000000
  text: Now, the epiclesis, the calling down of the Holy Spirit, the priest will extend his hands over the, uh, chalice and over the ciborium and all the br- the bread and the wine, um, calling down the Holy Spirit, that just as the Holy Spirit overshadowed the temple in the Old Testament, so too the priest, uh, is calling down the Holy Spirit to make holy the gifts.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 319
    nanos: 439000000
  end_time:
    secs: 326
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  text: The very center, uh, the most important part of the Eucharistic prayer are the words of consecration.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 326
    nanos: 399000000
  end_time:
    secs: 336
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  text: We also call it the institution narrative, that we are, uh, recalling, and not just recalling, but again, making present the last supper and the words that Jesus said.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 336
    nanos: 759000000
  end_time:
    secs: 348
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  text: And so after the words of consecration, of course, the bread and the wine are consecrated separately as a symbol of death, because whenever we separate body from blood, there is a death that takes place.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 348
    nanos: 619000000
  end_time:
    secs: 362
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  text: But after the consecration of both, we have truly the body and the blood of Christ present on the altar, and we call this mystery, this miracle, we call it transubstantiation, that the substance-...
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 362
    nanos: 225000000
  end_time:
    secs: 367
    nanos: 345000000
  text: what it is of the body, of the bread and the wine, become the body and the blood of Christ.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 367
    nanos: 345000000
  end_time:
    secs: 378
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  text: It still looks like bread, it still tastes like bread, it has the accidents of bread and wine, but through the words of Christ, the power of the Holy Spirit, it truly becomes something different.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 378
    nanos: 685000000
  end_time:
    secs: 387
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  text: There's also a shift in tense that we have the, uh, the priest takes on the very words of Christ, "This is my body.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 387
    nanos: 366000000
  end_time:
    secs: 392
    nanos: 365000000
  text: This is my blood." So he's speaking in the first person, speaking the words of Jesus.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 392
    nanos: 365000000
  end_time:
    secs: 397
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  text: But it's really the offering of the son to the father in a perfect sacrifice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 397
    nanos: 66000000
  end_time:
    secs: 404
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  text: We sometimes use incense at the consecration to show the, um, the mystery that is taking place.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 404
    nanos: 585000000
  end_time:
    secs: 410
    nanos: 426000000
  text: But again, there's a practical reason, because incense was used to overshadow, uh, the smell of blood.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 410
    nanos: 426000000
  end_time:
    secs: 420
    nanos: 305000000
  text: When animals were offered in the temple, there was a lot of blood that was there and so the incense is really used to, to help to, um, push the, uh, the smell of blood away.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 420
    nanos: 305000000
  end_time:
    secs: 429
    nanos: 285000000
  text: After the consecration, we have the memorial acclamation, which is really a brief recitation of the Gospel, salvation history in one sentence.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 429
    nanos: 285000000
  end_time:
    secs: 438
    nanos: 505000000
  text: '"We proclaim your death, oh, Lord, profess your resurrection until you come again." After that we have the, what we call the anamnesis, which is the remembering.'
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 438
    nanos: 505000000
  end_time:
    secs: 441
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  text: Now again, this is not remembering just a past event that took place.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 441
    nanos: 725000000
  end_time:
    secs: 445
    nanos: 825000000
  text: This is making present that past event right here and now.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 445
    nanos: 825000000
  end_time:
    secs: 450
    nanos: 485000000
  text: And so in the Jewish mind, they would celebrate the Passover every single year.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 450
    nanos: 485000000
  end_time:
    secs: 455
    nanos: 665000000
  text: In fact, they were required to, lest they forget the good things that God had done for them.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 455
    nanos: 665000000
  end_time:
    secs: 458
    nanos: 865000000
  text: So even today, we have this remembering.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 458
    nanos: 865000000
  end_time:
    secs: 465
    nanos: 845000000
  text: Again, not remembering a past event simply, but making that past event present, the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 465
    nanos: 845000000
  end_time:
    secs: 484
    nanos: 25000000
  text: Usually, the Eucharistic prayer ends with petitions on behalf of the living and on behalf of the deceased, because again, this prayer is the most important prayer that we have, and we are reminded of the efficacy of the prayers of Jesus as we bring our living and our deceased loved ones into the presence of the Lord.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 484
    nanos: 25000000
  end_time:
    secs: 489
    nanos: 465000000
  text: The Eucharistic prayer ends with what we call the doxology, through him, with him, and in him.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 489
    nanos: 465000000
  end_time:
    secs: 496
    nanos: 985000000
  text: Uh, we are praying, again, through Christ, with Christ, and in Christ to the praise of God the Father in the unity of the Holy Spirit.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 496
    nanos: 985000000
  end_time:
    secs: 514
    nanos: 445000000
  text: After the Eucharistic prayer has ended, all the people stand as we pray the Our Father, which was placed here in the mass by Pope Gregory the Great around the year 600, uh, as the perfect way to begin, uh, to prepare to receive Holy Communion, the prayer that Jesus taught us.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 514
    nanos: 445000000
  end_time:
    secs: 525
    nanos: 505000000
  text: After this, we have what's called the fraction that the, uh, the priest breaks the host, again, symbolic of, of the body of Christ being broken for our salvation.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 525
    nanos: 505000000
  end_time:
    secs: 532
    nanos: 25000000
  text: It symbolizes Christ's passion, but also it's a, a union with the, uh, the early church.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 532
    nanos: 25000000
  end_time:
    secs: 543
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  text: Because in the early church, the bishop, when he was offering mass, would break a small piece of the host and he would send it to all the different churches in his area and his diocese that the mass was being offered.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 543
    nanos: 365000000
  end_time:
    secs: 557
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  text: And so even today, uh, the priest breaks a small piece of the host, reminding us of the union with the bishop and the pope, and also he places that, uh, fragment or that, that particle into the chalice.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 557
    nanos: 785000000
  end_time:
    secs: 563
    nanos: 645000000
  text: And again, when body and blood are united, that's life, that's resurrection.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 563
    nanos: 645000000
  end_time:
    secs: 569
    nanos: 785000000
  text: And so it's a reminder that we are going to be receiving the living body and blood, soul and divinity of Jesus.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 569
    nanos: 785000000
  end_time:
    secs: 587
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  text: And so as the priest places the particle into the chalice, he prays a short prayer, "May this mingling of the body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ bring eternal life to us who receive it." And so this commingling, the reunification of body and blood symbolizes the resurrection.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 587
    nanos: 25000000
  end_time:
    secs: 592
    nanos: 705000000
  text: We then have the exchange of peace, and this goes all the way back to the third century.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 592
    nanos: 705000000
  end_time:
    secs: 610
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  text: Originally, it, it took place after the liturgy of the word, but it's a reminder of Jesus' command that he says, "If you're offering your gift and you have something against your brother, first go and make peace with your brother and then come back and offer the gift." And so today, we have an exchange of peace with, with those around us.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 610
    nanos: 485000000
  end_time:
    secs: 621
    nanos: 225000000
  text: Ultimately, Jesus, who is the source of our peace, He brings us the peace that only He can bring, but we are called to be united as brothers and sisters before the Lord before we receive Holy Communion.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 621
    nanos: 225000000
  end_time:
    secs: 633
    nanos: 965000000
  text: The lamb of God, which is again lifted right out of scripture and is said three times, uh, is again that Trinitarian formula, um, and as the lamb of God is being prayed, the priest says a, a short prayer.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 633
    nanos: 965000000
  end_time:
    secs: 641
    nanos: 25000000
  text: He bows low before Jesus on the altar and prays a short prayer, uh, to prepare himself to receive the Holy Eucharist.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 641
    nanos: 25000000
  end_time:
    secs: 649
    nanos: 445000000
  text: Now, when we think back to the Passover, it wasn't enough simply to, um, sprinkle the blood on the doorpost or simply to kill the lamb.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 649
    nanos: 445000000
  end_time:
    secs: 654
    nanos: 985000000
  text: The people, in order to fulfill the Passover meal, had to eat the flesh of the lamb.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 654
    nanos: 985000000
  end_time:
    secs: 662
    nanos: 265000000
  text: And so today, this, this Eucharistic Passover that is taking place, the paschal mystery, Jesus is the lamb of God.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 662
    nanos: 265000000
  end_time:
    secs: 668
    nanos: 105000000
  text: He takes away the sins of the world through the shedding of His blood and through our receiving Him in Holy Communion.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 668
    nanos: 105000000
  end_time:
    secs: 689
    nanos: 985000000
  text: And that's why we pray that prayer, again lifted directly from scripture, the prayer of the centurion, "Lord, I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof." But we say, "But only say the word and my soul shall be healed." So again, we're recognizing our humility before God, but also of His desire for union with us and He calls us to, um, to receive Him.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 689
    nanos: 985000000
  end_time:
    secs: 696
    nanos: 85000000
  text: The word amen or amen is the word that means I believe or it is true.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 696
    nanos: 85000000
  end_time:
    secs: 707
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  text: And so when we come forward to receive the Eucharist and the priest or the minister says, "The body of Christ," uh, and the communicant, the person says, "Amen," he's saying amen to everything.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 707
    nanos: 525000000
  end_time:
    secs: 718
    nanos: 285000000
  text: I believe, not just that this is the body of Christ, but that everything that the church teaches as being revealed by God, I believe, because I believe in the words of Jesus.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 718
    nanos: 285000000
  end_time:
    secs: 732
    nanos: 765000000
  text: And so right after we receive Holy Communion, we become a living tabernacle, that we are living tabernacles and so we should go back to our pew and really to pause and to reflect on the great gift that God has given to us, the gift of Himself in the Eucharist.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 732
    nanos: 765000000
  end_time:
    secs: 734
    nanos: 645000000
  text: We become living tabernacles.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 734
    nanos: 645000000
  end_time:
    secs: 745
    nanos: 25000000
  text: There's a story that Saint Philip Neri once saw someone who left mass early and he immediately called two of his altar boys and told them to get candles and to run after the person.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 745
    nanos: 25000000
  end_time:
    secs: 766
    nanos: 225000000
  text: And the person stopped and said, "Why are you following me, me with those candles?" And the altar boy said, "You carry within you the presence of Jesus, and wherever Jesus goes, we need to follow with the candles." And so it's a good reminder that, that we shouldn't be, you know, in a hurry to get out of mass, but really to remember that, that Jesus is present with us and we should pause to reflect on the great mystery that we have received.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 766
    nanos: 225000000
  end_time:
    secs: 773
    nanos: 465000000
  text: After all the people have received Holy Communion, the priest returns to the altar for what's called the evolutions or kind of the cleaning.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 773
    nanos: 465000000
  end_time:
    secs: 776
    nanos: 345000000
  text: Now this is far more important than simply doing the dishes.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 776
    nanos: 345000000
  end_time:
    secs: 778
    nanos: 745000000
  text: Rather, it goes back to the words of Jesus.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 778
    nanos: 745000000
  end_time:
    secs: 793
    nanos: 5000000
  text: Jesus said after he had multiplied the, the bread and the, uh, and the fish to feed the crowd, he said, "Collect the fragments lest anything be lost." And so every fragment, every particle of the host, and every drop of the precious blood is truly Jesus.
  speaker: speaker_0
- start_time:
    secs: 793
    nanos: 5000000
  end_time:
    secs: 803
    nanos: 605000000
  text: And so the priest, uh, or the deacon will spend a little bit of time kind of cleaning, uh, the, the vessels and, uh, collecting the fragments and placing the hosts back in the tabernacle.
  speaker: speaker_0
