奉父、子、圣灵的名。 In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost.
阿们。 Amen.
让我想想，马太，你能帮我拿后面那瓶水吗？ Let's see, actually, uh, Matthew, can you get me one of those bottles back there?
要一瓶满的。 A full one.
好的。 Yes.
今天要讲的要理课主题，和这个押韵。 So the topic of today's lesson, catechism, is gonna have to do with something that rhymes with this.
谢谢。 Thank you.
有点小道具，能让课堂更有趣。 Little, little props, make class more interesting.
这个可以当作，呃，他们叫什么来着？ That'll be, that'll be like the, uh, what do they call it?
就是那个缩略图。 The thumbnail thing.
新冠病毒。 Uh, coronavirus.
所以，这个教区的弥撒都取消了，对吧？ Uh, so masses got canceled in this diocese, right?
就是取消公开弥撒，对吧？ To cancel public masses, right?
这是一件很严肃的事，因为人类本来就欠神敬拜。 This is a serious thing, because, um, mankind owes God worship.
我们本来就应该把敬拜献给神。 We owe that to God.
有些人认为，弥撒只是一种个人的虔诚操练。 Uh, people have this idea that, um, I've heard it said that the, the mass is kind of viewed as a, as a, um, private devotion.
「我去弥撒，是因为对我有益，我能从弥撒中得益。 "It's something I do because it's good for me and I benefit from the mass.
神希望我得益。 And God wants what's good for me.
所以他希望我去弥撒，因为这对我好。 And so he wants me to go to mass because it's good for me.
他那么爱我，所以如果我自己不去，或者没有正当理由缺席弥撒， And he loves me so much that, that when I if I, if I voluntarily, like, don't go, if I miss mass without good reason, right?
那对我不好，因为我是在让自己属灵上挨饿，对吧？ It's, it's, it's bad for me 'cause I'm, like, spiritually starving myself, right?
所以这才是有罪的。」但其实，真正的原因是你本来就欠神敬 拜和尊荣，如果你没有把这些献给他，那就是严重的冒犯。 And so that's why it's sinful." And the whole idea that, um, actually you owe God a debt of worship and honor, and if you fail to give that to him, that is a grave offense, right?
这就是为什么我们有主日的义务。 That's why we have our Sunday obligation.
这不仅仅是因为对我们有益，更是因为这是我们在公义上本该还给神的责任。 It's not just because it's good for us, uh, but because it's a duty we owe to God in justice.
公义就是把本该属于别人的东西还给他们的德行。 Justice is that virtue whereby we render to others what is their due.
而当我们把该还给比我们更高者的东西还给他时，这就叫孝敬。 And when we are rendering something to someone higher than us, we call it piety, right?
公义适用于所有人之间的关系。 Justice, um, goes, goes between everybody.
我欠任何人的都属于公义，但如果是…… Anybody I owe something is justice, but if it's a...
比如说，对父母的公义就叫孝敬。 Now it's like a parent's, uh, justice to parents is piety, right?
对神的公义也属于孝敬的范畴。 Justice to God is covered under piety.
所以孝敬其实是一种公义。 So, uh, uh, piety is a, is a kind of a justice.
现在我们来讲一个…… Um, and now let's go into a, um...
我画的一个小图。 one of my little diagrams here.
我们有神，对吧？ So we, we have God, right?
全能、全知、全权的神。 The Almighty, all-seeing, all-powerful God.
神本来不必创造万物，但他选择了创造，对吧？ And God did not have to create, but he did, right?
神选择创造万物。 God chooses, uh, to create things.
所以，我…… And so, um, I...
其实…… and I'm actually...
我其实是在完全照搬我哥哥讲过的一堂课。 I'm completely ripping off a lecture my brother did.
我哥哥以前讲过一堂关于弥撒的课，我过了三年才终于看了。 Like, my older brother gave a lecture on the mass, and I watched it finally after, like, three years later.
那视频已经放在网上，有四万五千多次观看，我心想：「哎呀，有竞争了。」 And it'd been up there, and it had like 45,000 views, you know, and I'm like, "Oh, competition," right?
这就变成…… This gets...
兄弟间的小小竞争。 Little sibling, sibling rivalry.
总之，他…… And, and so anyways, so he...
那是个很好的弥撒讲座，他提到了一点，我以前从没想过，也没听 说过。他说：「当神创造时，这叫……」拉丁文叫exitus。 It's a very good video on the mass and he pointed this out and I'd never thought of it before, um, or heard of it rather, but he says, "When God creates, this is called..." the Latin term is exitus.
意思是从神那里出去。 This is a going out of God.
一切都从神那里出来，对吧？ Everything goes out of God, right?
万物都出去、都被带出来。 Everything goes out, uh, and comes forth.
这就是所有的受造物。 And that's all of creation, right?
比如人类、世界、所有的受造物。 Like mankind, um, all, all, all, you know, the world, you know, all, all of creation there, right?
星星、行星等等。 Stars and planets and so on.
对吧？ Right?
神创造了一切，现在一切都应该回报神。 God creates everything and now everything has an obligation to give back to God.
这叫做reditus。 And this is called reditus.
我记得是两个D，不太确定。 I think it's two Ds, I don't know.
Exitus是出去，reditus是回来。 Exitus, reditus, a going out and the coming back.
所以神的exitus完全是白白赐下的，他本来不必这样做。 So this, on the part of God, this exitus is completely gratuitous and didn't have to do it.
事实上，神从中并没有得到什么。 And in fact, God gains nothing by it.
所以我们认识到这一点，就会因神赐给我们无可估量的恩惠而满心感恩，把感谢归还给神。 And so, uh, we recognize this and in our, our overflowing thanks to God for, for the inestimable benefits he's given us, uh, we return thanks to God.
但我们无法完全做到这一点。 Uh, but we cannot do that adequately.
我们没有办法真正合适地向神献上感谢。 Um, there's no proper way that we can give thanks to God.
再看，所有的受造物，比如星星、行星和各种生物，它们回报…… And let's see, um, all of creation like, like the stars, the planets and all of the creatures, they return, um...
可以说它们其实并不是在感谢神，因为它们没有理性。 We could say they're not really giving thanks because they're not rational.
动物、星星、行星、物理定律等等都没有理性。 There's no ability to reason within the animals or like, you know, like I said, stars, planets, physics, whatever it is.
但它们只要遵循神的律法，就在回报…… But simply by following God's laws, um, they return...
可以说，它们彰显了神的良善，因为神命令星辰 ，给水和天设定界限，它们都照做了，对吧？ They, they, we could say show forth God's goodness is God commands the stars, and he has set a limit to the waters and the heavens and they, and they do it, right?
我们称之为物理定律。 We call it the laws of physics.
你无法违背物理定律。 You can't violate the laws of physics.
它们都在顺服神的命令。 Uh, they're obeying God's command.
可以说，每一只鸟、每一个生物、每一场雷暴， 都是在赞美神，因为它们完全遵行神的旨意。 We could say, like, every, every bird, every, every creature, every, you know, thunderstorm and all that, that's a praise given to God 'cause it's doing completely God's will.
教父们说过，人类是神所有受造物中唯一拒绝遵行他旨意的。 It's been said by the fathers that mankind is the only one of God's cre- creation that refuses to do his will.
事实上，那正是那篇讲道的重点。 And in fact, that was the point of, of that sermon.
比如那位跟随耶稣、请求他医治女儿的迦南妇人。 Um, the Canaanite woman who followed and asked, asking Christ to heal her daughter.
基督说：「拿儿女的饼丢给狗吃是不好的。」听起来好像是在骂她是狗。 And Christ said, "It is not fair to give what is, uh, to the children and throw it to dogs." And it sounds like this, "Ooh, he just called her a dog.
这好像是很大的侮辱。可她说：「就是狗也吃他主人桌子上掉下来的碎渣儿。」 That's a terrible insult." And she says, "Even the whelps, even...
我连狗都不如。 I'm less than a dog.
连小狗也能吃点碎渣。」耶稣说：「你的信心是大的。」其 实我们觉得「狗」是侮辱，但你想过有哪只狗得罪过神吗？ Even the puppies can eat the scraps." And he said, "Great is your faith." Uh, and it was pointed out, uh, you know, we think of dog as an insult, but you know how many dogs have ever sinned against God?
一只都没有，对吧？ Zero, right?
所以实际上，当我们犯罪时，我们比畜类还不如 ，比狗还不如，因为它们至少都遵行神的旨意。 So in fact when, when we sin, we are making ourselves less than the brute beasts, less than dogs 'cause at least they just do the will of God.
但我们却犯罪。 But we, we sin.
所以所有受造物都把应归给神的赞美和感谢归还给他，而人类因 为有自由意志和理性，比其他受造物更有责任向神献上感谢。 So all, all of creation, uh, returns to God that the praise and thanksgiving that is his due, uh, and mankind is the one who was given, uh, by nature of his free will and reason, uh, you could say more than the rest of creation and has a greater obligation to return to God that thanks.
神起初赐给人类这种能力，是通过…… Um, now God originally gave mankind this ability with an infused...
绿色在我这里代表超自然的颜色。 Um, so green is my little, like, supernatural, um, color here, right?
神赐给人类最初的能力，就是那些超自然恩赐。 Um-God gave mankind an original ability, the- the preternatural gifts.
比如无罪、永生、还有赐给亚当和夏娃超越本性的理智。 Um, freedom from all sin, uh, i- immortality, a super, um, added, um, in- intellect to- to Adam and Eve.
这些能力不是他们本性里有的，而是神白白赐给他们的。 Th- these just these natural abilities they- they didn't have by nature, but God gave it to them as gratuitous gifts.
比他们本来应得的还要多。 Like more than- more than they would've deserved.
神赐给他们能够向他献上合宜感谢的能力。 Uh, and he gave them an ability to render to him proper thanks.
亚当和夏娃本来可以为神赐给他们的一切向神献上足够的感谢。 Adam and Eve could have given God an adequate thanks for what he had given them.
因为如果不是这样…… B- because that would be rather, um...
如果神要求人感谢、敬拜、赞美他，却不给人实 现的能力，那对神来说反而是不公义的，对吧？ that would be rather an injustice on God's part to, um, give man an obligation to thank and to worship and to praise him, like, "You owe that to me, but you have no way of doing that." Right?
所以如果造人时不给人完成命令的能力，那就是不公义的。 So to create man with- with- with an inability to do what was commanded would be unjust.
所以起初，亚当和夏娃有能力向神献上合宜的感谢。 So in the beginning, Adam and Eve had that ability to give God that proper thanks.
那我们做了什么？ And what did we do?
我们搞砸了，对吧？ We blew it, right?
就在第一天，对吧？ On the very first day, right?
我们因原罪失去了那种能力。 We- we broke that, um, uh, ability by original sin.
所以人类冒犯了无限的神，现在我们已经无法向神献上合宜的敬拜。 And so mankind additionally, in offending the infinite God, um, now we were in- unable, incapable of offering to God proper worship.
但人类知道我们确实欠神一些东西。 And, uh, but mankind knew that we do owe God something.
我们欠神感谢、赞美和敬拜。 We owe God, uh, thanks and praise and worship.
这些都是我们应该献给神的，所以该隐和亚伯才会献祭。 It's something that we should offer to him, um, uh, so that's why you have Cain and Abel offering sacrifices.
而且神配得最好的，对吧？ And- and God deserves the best, right?
神配得我们最好的、最先的初熟之物。 God deserves the absolute best, our- our number one first fruits that we have to offer.
所以当亚伯的祭物被神悦纳，而该隐的没有时，我们注意到， 亚伯献上了羊群中头生的和肥油，该隐只是献地里的出产。 And this is why, um, when Abel's gifts were accepted and Cain's were not, we note, and I- I may have mentioned this, Abel offered the firstlings of his flock, the fat portions, and Cain offered of the fruits of the ground.
所以这里暗示该隐献上的是…… So the- the indication there is that Cain offered...
他其实是在保留，对吧？ he was- he was, um, uh, holding back, right?
他没有把最好的献给神，而亚伯却把自己最好的献给神。 He wa- he wasn't giving his best, whereas Abel gave God the best he had.
所以亚伯的祭物被神悦纳，而该隐的没有。 And so Abel's- Abel's s- sacrifice was accepted, Cain's was not.
但这里有一个观念，就是我们有一种无能为力。 Uh, but th- there's an idea of th- there is an inability there.
我们自身是有缺乏的。 There- there is a lacking on our part.
我们失去了那种最初由神赐下、能向神献上合宜感谢的能力，我们需要恢复它。 You know, we had, we lost that original divine, uh, divinely bestowed ability to- to give proper thanks to God, and we had to restore it.
但我们怎么才能恢复这种能力呢？ But how are we gonna restore that?
就好像有一座桥横跨无限的鸿沟，对吧？ I mean if- if there's a, I don't know, a bridge spanning an infinite chasm, right?
如果你用某种方式，比如传送门，跨越了这座桥 ，但桥断了，你要走多远才能到达无限的彼岸？ And somehow y- y- y- y- y- you cross from one side of it, like a teleporter or something, and you break that, uh, how far do you have to go before you reach infinity?
你根本做不到，对吧？ Y- y- y- you can't do it, right?
你若没有无限本身，就无法到达无限。 Y- you can't reach infinity unless you have infinity.
所以人类就被困住了。 So mankind, w- w- w- we were stuck.
我们怎么才能再次把敬拜归还给神？ How are we gonna ever return worship to God?
这其实就是基督降世的主要原因之一，甚至可以说是 最主要的原因，因为人类根本无法修复这种关系。 And so that is a part of, or really even we could say the main reason, why Christ came down to Earth, is that there was no way man could repair that.
所以神自己必须降世，取了肉身，亲自承担那被罪包围和伤害的人性。 So God himself had to come down, right, in the flesh, and- and- and take onto himself, right, this- this- this human nature that- that had been surrounded and wounded by sin.
现在神自己取了人性，他既是人，也是神。 Well now- now God himself takes on human nature and, you know, he- he- he's both man and God.
现在他向神献上了完全的祭。 And now he renders a- a perfect sacrifice to God.
本该从一开始就有的感谢，如今被恢复了。 And- and- and this- this gratitudes that should've been there from the beginning is now restored.
但可以说，这是在一个有限的范围里。 But in, we could say, a, um, a limited context.
那这种感谢是什么时候献给神的？ When is that gratitudes, or when was that gratitudes given to God?
就是在各各他的祭献上，对吧？ Uh, at- at- at the sacrifice of Calvary, right?
第一次…… The- the first...
当基督死在十字架上的时候。 when Christ died on the cross.
现在人类在参与弥撒时，才能再次向神献上合宜的感谢、赞美和敬拜。 And now mankind can offer to God once again, um, adequate thanks and praise and worship when he attends mass, right?
那是人类唯一能向神献上合宜感谢和赞美的时候。 That is the only time mankind is offering to God proper thanks and praise.
当我们念玫瑰经、朝拜圣体、用自己的话与神交谈时， When we pray the rosary, when we- when we go to adoration, when we talk to God in my own words.
这些都很好，但只有在弥撒中，我们才真正完成了这个循环。 Okay, that- that- that's good, but it's only at the mass when we actually complete this cycle.
所以，弥撒的圣祭是当今世上最重要的活动。 And so the- the holy sacrifice of the mass is the most important activity that is taking place on Earth right now.
对吧？ Right?
没有任何事比正在举行的每一台弥撒更重要。 Nothing is more important than any mass that's ever being said.
或者说，比历史上任何一台弥撒都重要。 Or- or- or that has ever been said.
那为什么梵蒂冈还要取消弥撒呢？ So- so why has the Vatican canceled it then?
啊，我说早了。 Oh, just jumped the gun.
这不是我们现在要讨论的。 That's not what we're talking about.
问题是，如果这些都是真的，为什么梵蒂冈还要取消所有公开弥撒？ The question was, if that's true, why did the Vatican cancel all these public masses, right?
这也是我今天要讲弥撒的原因。 Um, that's why I'm talking about the mass today.
所以，弥撒是人类能做的最重要的事，也是我们能参与的最崇高的活动。 So, um, so the- the- the mass is the most important thing mankind can do, and it- it is the most noble activity in which we can participate.
因为每当弥撒举行时，那就是当下地球上最重要的事。 Uh, 'cause th- when- when any time mass is being offered, that is, as I said, the most important activity taking place on Earth at that moment.
这也是为什么我们要在主日去弥撒，为的是用唯一能 让神完全满意的方式，履行我们向神还恩的义务。 And this is why, this i- and people don't realize this, um, as I- I mentioned at the beginning, that's why we go to mass on Sunday, is to fulfill our obligation to return thanks to God in the manner, the only manner, that is fully satisfying to him.
因为我们去弥撒时，其实并没有把神没有赐给我们的东西献给他，对吧？ Because when we attend mass, I'm not giving anything to God that he didn't already give me, right?
而且我把这些献给神，是借着基督的手献上的。 And when I give it to him, uh, I'm giving it through the hands of Christ, right?
基督把他的祭献给父神，而我去弥撒时，基督就把他十字架祭献的功劳，借着洗礼赐给我。 Christ is offering his sacrifice to his father, and when I go to mass, Christ gives me those merits from his sacrifice on the cross, through v- virtue of baptism.
所以当我们参与弥撒，祭司转身说：「弟兄们，请你们祈祷，望我和 你们共同奉献的祭品，蒙全能神收纳。」——「我和你们的祭品」。 And so when we go to mass and when we participate and the priest turns around and says, "Orate fratres, pray brethren that my sacrifice and yours might be acceptable to God, the Father Almighty." My sacrifice and yours.
我们大家都在参与，对吧？ We're all participating, right?
这就是为什么我们都朝着同一个方向。 That's why we're all facing the same direction, right?
大家都在向神献上敬拜。 All giving worship to God.
所以当我们这样做时，是基督在向父神感谢、朝拜、补赎，而我们也在其中。 Uh, so when we do that, Christ is giving thanks to the Father, Christ is adoring the Father, Christ is making reparation to the Father, and- and we're there, right?
我们都在基督之下，对吧？ Like we are all underneath, uh, Christ here, right?
他就在这里。 And- and- and- and here he is, right?
这就是我们的主基督，我…… This- this- this is Christ our Lord and okay, I'm...
我希望…… I want...
基督，我希望你把我的敬拜带到神那里，让它直达天庭。 Christ, I want you to take my worship and give it to God and it goes boom all the way up to heaven, right?
弥撒经文里有一句：「愿这神圣的祭品由天使之手带到至高的祭坛上。」对吧？ Um, there's that canon of the mass, um, where it says-Uh, "May the h- may these holies, uh, may this holy sacrifice be carried by the hand of an angel to the altar on high." Right?
祭司真的会这样说。 And he actually says that.
把这圣餐、这祭品带到你至高的祭坛上，使它成为蒙悦纳的祭品。 Carry this host, carry this sacrifice to your altar on high, that it may be an acceptable sacrifice.
我们就在参与这一切。 And so we're participating in that.
所以所有没有参与弥撒的人…… So all of mankind who's not at mass when, uh, uh, uh...
或者说，当人类不去弥撒时，人类就没有把应归给神的敬拜献给他。 or rather I should say when mankind does not go to mass, uh, mankind does not render to God the worship that is his due.
所有穆斯林、犹太人、新教徒，或者任何不是公教徒的人，都没有履行他们敬拜神的义务。 All those Muslims and Jews and Protestants and anybody who's not Catholic, they are not fulfilling their obligation to worship God.
这是…… That's a...
而向神献上感谢、赞美、尊荣和敬拜，是极其重大的义务。 And that is a grave obligation to render thanks and praise and honor and worship to God.
而你们并没有用合宜的方式做到这一点。 And you are not doing it in an a- in, in an adequate manner.
所以，这就是为什么…… So that, that is why it, it's, it's...
你可以说，告诉其他宗教的人：「你可以做个好人，也能上天 堂。」但你会带着一生没有好好敬拜神的巨大亏欠去天堂。 You could say, um, to tell other religions, "Oh, you could be a good whatever and, and go to heaven." Yeah, you're gonna go to heaven with a massive lifetime of guilt of not worshiping God properly.
这是最…… That, that is one of the most...
最残忍的事之一，就是不告诉别人我们有敬拜神的重大 义务，而且有一种方式可以做到，这就是那种方式。 The cruelest things you can do to somebody is, is not to tell them that we have a grave obligation to worship God and there's a way you can do it, and this is the way.
我以前说过…… I've said it before, it, it...
就是圣公会和公教会的神父、主教之间的那场辩论。 That, that debate between the Anglican and the Catholic priest, the bishops.
你还记得吗？ Remember that?
「我们都敬拜同一位神。」是的，你用你的方式，我用他的方式。 "We all worship the same God." Yeah, you in your way, and I in his.
就是这样。 And, uh, that's what it is.
有问题吗？ Question.
有。 Yep.
怎么—— How-
嗯。 Yeah.
好的。 Okay.
所以问题是，最后的晚餐和弥撒有多像？ So yeah, so the question is, how close was the Last Supper to, like, a mass?
有一本书，好像是本笃十六世荣休教宗写的，叫《基督如何举行第一次弥撒》。 Uh, that there's, there's a book, I think, written by, uh, Pope Benedict XVI, or a pope emeritus, and it says How Christ Celebrated the First Mass.
那本书讨论了犹太逾越节的仪式。 And it's a discussion of what the Jewish ritual of Passover would be.
你会发现，犹太逾越节的仪式看起来和弥撒完全不像。 So what you're gonna find is, if you see the Jewish Passover ritual, you're gonna see like, okay, that's nothing like, like a mass.
但当你明白所有象征意义后，你会发现：「那完全就是弥撒！」对吧？ Once you know all the symbolism, you're gonna be like, "That is totally the mass." Right?
因为有圣经、象征、经文引用和预表。 Because of the scripture, the significations, the biblical references, the foreshadowings, right?
所有发生的事。 Ev- everything that's going on.
而且，最后的晚餐其实就是纪念以色列人出埃及的逾越节筵席。 Um, and, and what was the, what was the Last Supper meal except a, um, commemoration of when the Israelites left Egypt?
就是这样。 That, that's what it was.
那又是怎么回事呢…… And how...
埃及当然象征罪恶之地。 Uh, Egypt, of course, representing the land of sin.
我们可以说，基督在十字架上的祭献发生了什么？ Um, we could say, what, what happened with Christ's sacrifice on the cross?
基督是谁？ Who is Christ?
神的羔羊，对吧？ The Lamb of God, right?
他为我们被钉十字架，流尽宝血，为我们的救赎、为我们脱离罪恶，用羔羊的血洗净我们。 Uh, crucified for us, shedding all of his blood, uh, um, on, on the cross for our salvation, for our, our salvation from sin, washing us r- in the, in the, in the blood of the Lamb.
最后的晚餐，也就是逾越节晚餐。 Uh, the Last Supper, the, uh, Easter supper, right?
逾越节就是纪念以色列人离开罪恶之地时，宰杀羔羊，把血涂在门框上，然后过红海。 Commemoration of the Passover, commemorated the time when the Israelites, to leave the land of sin took a lamb and shed its blood and smeared it over the wood of their doors and then crossed through the Red Sea, right?
那水和血引领他们进入应许之地。 That water and blood to, uh, into, um, the Promised Land, right?
这两件事的象征意义就是如此。 That's the signification of both of those events, right?
你能立刻看到两者的对应关系，对吧？ You see, you see the immediate parallels, right?
明白了这些之后， So knowing that, right?
再加上圣经的引用，明白基督是谁，他做了什么，所有的预表和象征。 And knowing the scripture references, knowing that, that who Christ was, what he was, all the foreshadowings, all the significations.
当你熟悉圣经、熟悉这些故事后，你就会毫无疑问地知道，这就是旧约的应验。 Uh, when you know the Bible, when you know the stories and it's pointed out, there's just no doubt in your mind this is the fulfillment of the Old Testament.
整个摩西律法其实都是对大公教会的预表。 I mean, the whole, um, Mosaic Law is a foreshadowing of, of the Catholic Church.
所以，这就是为什么说最后的晚餐像弥撒，因为弥撒把这些…… So, um, you know, that, that, that is, that, that is how you could say the Last Supper was like mass, in that the mass, um, brings out the, the, um...
可以说，逾越节是种子，弥撒就是开花的树。 You could say that the Passover was the seed and, and then the mass is the flowering tree.
这就是一直以来所预表的。 Like, this is what was signified all along.
两千年来，这一切…… For 2,000 years, right, this was, this was...
都隐藏在地下，直到突然间开花结果，成为大树。 this lay hidden underground and then it, boom, flourished in- into the tree, right?
就是十字架之树。 The, the tree of the cross.
那么，我们讲到哪里了？ So, um, where were we?
人类有责任和义务敬拜神，而弥撒的圣祭就是我们实现这一点的方式。 So mankind has a duty and an obligation to worship God, and, and, and the holy sacrifice of the mass is how we're gonna make that happen.
你看，世上每一个异教部落， Um, you know, ev- every, what, pagan tribe out there, right?
比如波利尼西亚岛民、希腊人、罗马人、食人族、阿兹特克人等等，他们都在献祭， Um, the, the, the, the, the, the, um, Polynesian islanders, the Greeks, the Romans, the, the, the cannibals, the whatever it is, and they're offering sacri- Aztecs, right?
他们都在向神献祭。 They're all offering sacrifice to God.
他们知道神…… They know God...
我们欠神一些东西，对吧？ We owe God something, right?
我们确实欠他一些东西。 He, he, we owe him something.
其实，人祭是一种扭曲的表现，是想把最好的献给神的欲望被扭曲了。 And in fact, human sacrifice is kind of a perversion, a perverted desire to give God the best.
我们能献给神的最宝贵的是什么？ What's the most, the most we could offer to God?
就是人的生命。 A human life.
那是我们能想到的最高的东西，对吧？ That's the highest thing we can think of, right?
那谁愿意献上自己的生命呢？ Who, and who wants to give their life?
实际上，很多异教宗教里，确实有人自愿成为祭品。 And in fact, actually the, the, uh, many of these, these, um, pagan religions, th- they would have willing victims.
他们会灌输这些人：「你要为神而献祭。」 I mean, they would s- They would, they would fill their heads like, "Okay, you're gonna sacrifice to God.
「这是你能做的最崇高的事。」于是他们就同意了。 This is the most noble thing you can do." And like, okay, yes.
他们之间有一种共识，觉得这样做是值得的。 There- there's this, there's this reciprocal understanding of that's worth it, right?
把荣耀和尊贵归给神，值得我献上自己的生命。 Giving God honor and glory is worth my very own life.
今天我们依然能看到类似的现象。 We still see that today.
比如自杀式炸弹袭击者。 There's suicide bombers, right?
那其实是对本应成为宗教圣召的极大扭曲。 That's a perversion of what really should be a religious vocation right there.
这多么令人悲哀。 How sad is that?
对吧？ Right?
有人愿意为此献上一切，甚至生命、家庭…… Somebody who would be willing to give his life and all, all, everything, his family, his...
本来可以成为修士、修女或圣人，却最终自爆身亡，还害死一百人。 Uh, could have been a monk or a nun or a saint, and now, boom, dies blowing himself up and killing 100 people.
这就是失落的圣召。 It's a lost vocation right there.
世界上有如此可怕的邪恶， So terrible, terrible evil in the world, but...
而这正是撒但所做的。 And, and that's what Satan does.
撒但把我们本来的善意扭曲、变坏。 Satan takes our natural good desires and he twists and he perverts it.
对吧？ Right?
所以我们要努力让世界归向神。 So we, we, we need to be working for the conversion of, of the world.
是吗？ Yeah?
可以提个问题吗？ Is it okay to ask a question?
当然可以。 Sure, yeah.
你刚才说伊斯兰教、新教的敬拜不合适，还是—— So you said that the Islamic worship, Protestant worship is not proper or-
对。 Right.
…… ...
不够。 enough.
那新礼弥撒（Novus Ordo）呢？ What about the Nova Ordo Mass?
你就知道会有人问这个。 You knew it was gonna happen.
这段视频肯定要大幅剪辑。 This video is going to be heavily edited.
我这小胡子道具。 My little foam mustache.
没录像吗？ No video?
哎呀。 Um, oh boy.
27 27 27 27
我是电脑。 I'm, I'm the computer.
对，对，对，是的。 Right, right, right, yeah.
好，这个问题非常好。 So okay- so I- I- that's a- that's a- that's an excellent question, right?
那么，弥撒的本质是什么？ So, um, what is the essence of the Mass, right?
这在第27章里。 It's in chapter 27.
我希望你们都去读第27章。 I want you all to read chapter 27.
我今天早上十点才知道要上这节课。 I didn't know I was gonna give this class until, like, 10:00 this morning.
第27章讲的是弥撒的祭献。 Um, chapter 27 is about the sacrifice of the Mass.
弥撒的本质…… Um, and the essence of the Mass...
我现在就告诉你，弥撒就是基督在各各他的祭献的重现。 I will tell you this right here, the Mass is Christ's sacrifice on Cavalry- um, uh, Calvary, renewed.
基督只向父神献上自己一次。 Uh, so Christ offered himself in sacrifice to his Father once and once only.
实际上，我想…… Um, in fact, ooh, I wanna- I wanna...
这里有个非常重要的…… there's a very, very important, um...
好了， Uh, here we go.
献给神的祭品，我们称为「祭品」。 A gift offered to God in sacrifice, we call a victim, right?
这就是把感谢归还给神。 That is that gratitudes, giving back to God.
献给神的祭品就叫祭品。 A gift offered to God is- in sacrifice, we call a victim.
代表众人向神献祭的人，我们称为祭司。 The one who offers sacrifice to God in the name of all the people, we call the priest.
所以十字架上的祭献，就是祭司基督把自己作为祭品献上。 And so the sacrifice on the cross was the priest Christ offering the victim who was Christ, right?
既是祭司，也是羔羊。 The priest and the lamb.
你能讲慢一点吗？ Can you slow it down a little more?
因为我有点跟不上…… 'Cause I don't- I lost...
太好了。 Outstanding.
你这么说我很高兴。 I'm glad you said that.
谢谢。 Thank you.
这个问题值得请你喝一杯。 It's worth like a beer right there.
这个问题…… The question, it gets...
慢一点，对吧？ Slow down, right?
很好，很好。 Um, good, good, good.
我们慢慢来。 Let's, let's take that a little bit slower.
谢谢。 Thank you.
我们开始。 Here we go.
神赐给我们，我们再还给神。 God gives us, we give God in return.
我们能给神什么是他没有的？ What can we give God He doesn't already have?
什么都没有。 Nothing.
什么都没有，对吧？ Nothing, right?
所以，人类在向神献上有价值的东西时，总有一种无力感。 So, um, there's, there's this, this, um, we could say sense of inadequacy on the part of mankind to give God anything that, you know, is, we could say, valuable to God.
其实，有一样东西对神来说是宝贵的——我不是说异端 ——那就是我们的自由意志，我们自由选择去爱神。 Actually, the, the one thing that is valuable to God that- I don't wanna be heretical- that he doesn't already have is our free will, our free decision to love God, right?
从某种奇妙的意义上说，神什么都不缺，但这是我们主动献给他的决定。 He, he, in a certain strange way, I mean, nothing's lacking in God, but that's our decision to give to him, right?
而且…… And that...
神非常尊重这一点，哪怕他爱我们，也愿意让人选择地狱，而不是强迫人违背自己的意愿。 And, and, and God respects that so much, even though he loves us, he's willing to let people choose hell, uh, rather than force them against their will.
所以我们其实没有什么可以献给神，也无法向他献上合宜的祭品。 Um, so we, we don't really have anything to give God, and we can't render him adequate sacrifice.
但当基督——我们的主基督，他自己就是神—— But when Christ, right, Christ our Lord, um, who is God himself, right?
神与人二性合一，能够向神献上完全的祭品，这就是他在十字架上的死亡。 Um, God and man is able to make to God that perfect sacrifice and did, and, and that perfect sacrifice was, you know, his, um, his death on the cross, right?
那就是完全的祭献。 So that is the perfect sacrifice.
我们谁都做不到这一点。 Now, none of us can do that.
我们不能把自己钉在十字架上献给神。 We can't offer to God ourselves on the cross.
即使我们这样做，也只是效法基督，虽然这很宝贵—— I mean, even if we did, all we're doing is imitating Christ, which it's, it's a valuable sacrifice-
嗯。 Mm-hmm.
…… ...
但那不是无限的。 but it's not infinite.
所以我们其他人都还在下面。 So all the rest of us, right, are, are, are down here, right?
我们无法向神献上无限的祭品。 And, and we cannot give God an infinite sacrifice.
但当我们把自己的祭献与基督联合，由他代表我们献上时，我们就被包含在其中。 But when we, when we unite our sacrifices to Christ and he offers a sacrifice in our name, uh, then we're included in that.
所以，这种模式其实也是旧约的祭献和祭司制度。 And so, um, this model, you could say, this is the Old Testament, um, model of sacrifice and priesthood also.
所以你有…… So you have...
假设这里不是基督，而是祭司。 Imagine here this is not Christ, but this is the priest, right?
谁是祭司？ Who is the priest?
祭司是被特别拣选来向神献祭的人。 The priest is a man specially chosen to offer sacrifice to God.
在旧约里，献的是公牛和山羊的血，对吧？ And in the Old Testament, it was, uh, the blood of bulls and goats, right?
那就是献给神的祭品。 That is what- that was what was offered to God.
「好，你告诉我们你要什么，我们就给你。」神说：「我要你们这样敬拜我。」 "Okay, you, you tell us what you want, and we'll give it to you." "This is how I want to be worshipped.
「祭坛要这样建造。」 Uh, this is how to build the altar.
「要多少肘长，要用什么材料包裹。」——「明白了。」 This is how many qubits it should be, and it should be overlaid with this and that." "Got it.
好的，神。 All right, God.
你怎么说，我们就怎么做。」每年一次，大祭司为全 体百姓、为整个民族的罪献祭，那祭献一年一次。 You, you say, we're gonna do it." Uh, and, and so, um, you could say once a year, uh, the high priest offered sacrifice for all the people, the sins of all the people as a whole nation, w- that sacrifice was offered once a year.
所以有祭司献祭，有所有被包括在祭献里的百姓，还有祭品，不管是什么。 So you had the priest offering the sacrifice, all the people who were included in that sacrifice, and then you had, uh, the victim, you know, whatever it was.
麦基洗德也是其中之一吗，是大祭司吗？ Was Melchizedek one of them, high priest?
是的，麦基洗德是个很有意思的话题。 Yes, that's a very interesting topic, Melchizedek.
他和祭司制度有什么关系？ Um, how does he fit into the priesthood?
在旧约里，要成为祭司，必须是利未支派的。 Um, in the Old Testament, to be a priest, you have to be a- you had to be of the tribe of Levi.
不是利未人就不能做祭司。 If you're not a Levite, you couldn't be a priest.
以色列的君王则出自犹大支派，对吧？ Um, the ruler, the king of Israel would come from the tribe of Judah, right?
大卫王就是这样。 And that was what King David.
大卫王是犹大支派的。 King David was of the tribe of Judah.
弥赛亚要从大卫的后裔而来，他被称为「奇妙策士、和平的君」，弥赛亚要出自犹大支派。 Uh, the Messiah would come from, from the line of, of, of David, and he would be called Mi- Mighty Counselor, Prince of Peace, um, you know, the Me- the Messiah would, would, would come from, from, from Judah.
那如果弥赛亚不是利未人，怎么能既是救主又是祭司呢？ So how do you get the savior, the Messiah, who is also a priest, if he's not a Levite?
这就是《希伯来书》讨论的话题，圣保罗和其他犹太人争论说，基督…… And this is the topic of the book of Hebrews, where Saint Paul is arguing with the other Jews saying that Christ i- uh, um...
诗篇上说：「你是照着麦基洗德的等次为祭司」，不是照利未的等次，而是麦基洗德。 It says in the Psalms, you are a priest according to the order of Melchizedek, not according to the Levitical priesthood, but Melchizedek.
麦基洗德是谁呢？亚伯拉罕去找他献祭…… Now Melchizedek was, uh, whom Abraham went and offered, um...
当罗得被诸王掳去，亚伯拉罕去救回他的侄子罗得 ，然后去见麦基洗德，麦基洗德为亚伯拉罕献祭。 When, when, when Lot was captured by the kings and Abraham went and rescued his cousin Lot, or, um, and he went to Melchizedek, who offered sacrifice on Abraham's behalf.
这些都记载在《创世记》十一、十二、十三、十四章左右。 And this is all in Genesis, like, I don't know, Genesis chapter, uh, 11, 12, 13, 14, something like that.
麦基洗德献上什么祭品？ Melchizedek offers gifts of what?
是饼和酒献给神，对吧？ Bread and wine to God, right?
这是预表。 Foreshadowing.
所以神拣选谁做祭司，他就说：「这就是我要你们的祭司。」 So God, whomever God chooses to, to say, "Okay, this is the person I want to be your priest.
「我要你们去找他献祭。」这就是祭司——「我要你们去找利未人做你们的祭司。」 This is the person I want you to go to, to offer for sacrifice," that's the priest-I want you to go to Levi's for your priesthood.
好的。 Okay.
「我要你们去找麦基洗德。」 I want you to go to Melchizedek.
好的。 Okay.
「我要你们去找约伯。」 I want you to go to Job, right?
约伯受苦后，他的三个朋友来和他争论，说：「你一定做错了什么。」约伯说：「 我没有。」他们说：「你有。」约伯说：「我没有。」他们就这样争了五十七章。 Uh, after Job, you know, is- is- is afflicted and his three friends come and they argue him and they tell Job "You did something wrong." And he says, "Oh, I didn't do something wrong." They said, "Yes, you did." He says, "No, I didn't." "Yes, you did." And they do that for 57 chapters.
来来回回。 Like back and forth.
很有诗意。 It's very poetic.
但最后，神对约伯的朋友说：「你们得罪了我。」 But at the end, God tells the friends of Job, "You have sinned.
「你们得罪了我。」 You have sinned against me.
「你们要去找我的仆人约伯，他要为你们献祭。」 Go to your, uh, go to my servant Job and he will offer sacrifice on your behalf." Good.
那我可以问我的问题了吗？ Can I ask my question then?
就是我—— That I-
等等。 Wait.
…… ...
上课前问的那个？ asked before class?
哦，等等。 Oh, no wait.
别问。 No, don't.
现在还不能问。 Do not ask that question yet.
太早了。 Too early.
好的。 Okay.
那我们回到—— So we're back to, like-
所以我们这里有祭司和祭品，对吧？ So we are priest and victim here, right?
对。 Right.
而十字架就是祭献的象征。 And- and- and the cross just sym- symbolizes the sacrifice.
明白了。 Gotcha.
所以有祭司、有祭品、有百姓。 So you have the priest, you have the victim and you have the people.
那我们之所以讨论这一切，是因为有个问题，就是在弥撒的圣祭中…… Now the question, what- that they got us started on this whole- this wh- this whole thing was, um, at the holy sacrifice of the mass...
我们要追溯到很早以前。 Oh, we're going way back.
新礼弥撒（Novus Ordo）被神悦纳吗？ Is the Novus Ordo Mass ex- like, uh, acceptable, right, to God?
有些…… Some...
问题大概是这样吗？ Was the question something like that?
在新礼弥撒，或者说在弥撒中，谁是主要的祭司？ At the Novus Ordo Mass, uh, a- a- at the Mass, right, we could say who is the principal priest at Mass?
基督。 Christ.
基督，对吧？ Christ, right?
借着具体的祭司。 In- in the person of the individual priest, right?
祭司在场，但基督设立祭司职分时，在最后的晚餐说：「你们都拿去吃。」 The individual priest is there, but Christ a- by instituting the priesthood he said, um, at the Last Supper, uh, "Take all of your meat.
「这是我的身体。」「你们要如此行，为的是记念我 。」这被认为是基督给使徒授予祭司职分的时刻。 This is my body." Uh, "Do this in- do this in memory of me." That is considered the moment at which Christ ordained the Apostles.
就像他不会给人义务却不给人完成的能力一样，他不会只说 「你们要奉献我的身体和宝血」却不给祭司实现的能力。 Just like he doesn't give somebody an obligation without an ability to fulfill it, he wouldn't have told priests, you know, "Offer my s- body and blood," but w- how are we supposed to do it?
他同时赐下了实现这一切的能力。 He gives them the ability to do it at the same time.
所以基督借着具体的人是主要的祭司，基督也是主要的祭品。 So pre- Christ is the principal priest through the individual man, and Christ is the principal victim.
我们向基督献上什么？ What are we offering to Christ?
弥撒中献上的是什么？ What is offered in the Mass?
就是基督自己在十字架上的祭献。 Christ's own sacrifice on the cross.
所以在每一台弥撒中，基督既是祭司，也是祭品。 So, um, Christ is both the priest and the victim at every Mass.
为了恰当地表达这一点，教会历代以来都…… And to properly express that, the Church throughout the ages has- has, um, used...
最杰出的思想家、音乐家、建筑师都在思考：「如果这是世上最重要的事 ——把神自己的儿子献给神——那举行这件事的建筑应该是什么样？」 I mean, the best minds, the best musical geniuses, the- the- the- the best, um, you know, ar- architects have said, "Well, if th- this is the one- the one thing on Earth that is most important, offering to God the sa- the sacrifice of his own Son, what shou- should the building look like in which that is taking place?"
像十字架。 A cross.
对吧？ Right?
是的。 Well, I mean, yeah.
对，所以它应该…… Y- so yeah, well it should...
教堂本身应该是十字形的，这叫十字形教堂，而且要宏伟 壮丽，要让我们心向神，要让我们想起正在发生的事。 The building itself should be shaped like a cross, that's called a cruciform church, but it should be magnificent, it should be, um, you know, it should raise our minds to God, it should- it should call to mind what is happening.
它应该宏大、荣耀、庄严，来代表正在发生的圣事。 The- the- it should be, you know, massive and glorious and grand to represent the event that is taking place.
那弥撒应该怎么举行？ How should we say the Mass?
应该充满歌唱、喜乐、庄严、金银宝石，来象征万王之王和我们所领受的价值。 It should be- it should be filled with- with singing and- and rejoicing and solemnity and- and- and gold and precious metals to signify the King of Kings, and- and- and- and the value that we're getting.
所以当你看到一切都围绕弥撒展开，核心就是祭司基督和祭品基督向父神献祭。 Um, so when you- when you- when you look at- at everything as surrounding the Mass, it is all about the priest Christ and the victim Christ o- o- offering that to his Father.
在有哥特式大教堂、格里高利圣咏、华美祭衣之前，早期教会是在墓穴里举行弥撒。 So, you know, before you had Gothic cathedrals and Gregorian chant and- and outstan- you know, beautiful vestments and all that, you had the catacombs.
对吧？ Right?
使徒们在楼上聚会擘饼，对吧？ You had the Apostles gathered in the Upper Room breaking bread, right?
那时什么都没有，但没关系，因为无论基督是在美妙的音乐中 ，还是在法利赛人的嘲笑中向父神献上自己，祭献都在进行。 So yo- you didn't have much, but it doesn't matter, because when Christ offers himself to the Father, whether he's surrounded by beautiful music or jeering Pharisees, the sacrifice is still being made.
所以无论是传统拉丁弥撒、新礼弥撒、拜占庭礼、梅尔基特礼，还是其他 什么礼，只要是弥撒，祭献就在进行，那就是当下世界上最重要的事。 And so that's why any Mass, whether it is a, you know, traditional Latin Mass or the Novus Ordo Mass or the Byzantine rite or the Melchite rite, or this, that or whatever, if it's the Mass, that sacrifice is taking place, and that's the most important thing that's happening in the world right then and there.
当然，人有心理因素，虽然这可能是世界上最重要的事，但如果我不知 道、我不相信，或者弥撒举行得很糟糕，我就不会相信它有多重要。 Now, we have e- the element of human psychology in that although this could be the most important thing in the world, if- if I don't know that or if I don't believe that an- and- and it's done poorly, I'm not gonna believe, right?
比如说：「这不可能那么重要。」 Like, "This can't be that important.
「如果真的重要，为什么他们不更认真对待？」对吧？ If it was important, why aren't they taking it more seriously?" Right?
反过来说，「哇，他们这么认真，这一定很重要。」我们确实需要这种外在的提醒。 Or- or- or- and conversely, "Ooh, this must really be important because they're taking it so seriously." Um, and- and we need that.
我们需要这些外在的提醒，来影响我们的心思，让我们真正意识到不同。 We need those external reminders to- um, to affect our minds and- and really make that- make that, uh, different.
我记得有一次亲身经历让我体会到这一点。 I remember, actually it was a personal moment when that very thing happened to me.
那时我在修院，跪着，正好是祝圣的时刻。 I was at the seminary, you know, kneeling down and it was the moment of the consecration.
祭司举起圣餐，执事提起祭披的后摆，副执事在焚香，大家都跪在长椅上，有 人在那边摇铃，这边有另一个辅祭摇另一只铃，六七个人都围绕着这一刻。 And then you had the priest elevating the host and you had the deacon raising hi- the back of his, uh, chasuble, and you had the subdeacon doing incense, and you had, um, everybody kneeling down on the pews, and you had somebody over there ringing a bell, and you had another acolyte over here ringing a different bell, and there's like six, you know, six different people all around this one event.
我当时…… And I just...
我脑海里突然冒出一个念头：「这真的很重要。」 从所有发生的事你就能感受到，这一刻极其重要。 The thought popped into my mind, like, "This is really important." Like this event, like you can tell just from everything that's going on, like, wow, this one moment is super important.
确实如此。 And it is.
在祝圣的那一刻，当祭司说：「这是为你们舍的我的身体」时，基督就在 圣餐中临在，重现他的降生、生活、祷告、苦难、受死、复活、升天。 The- the- the moment of the consecration when- when the- when the priest says, you know, uh, "This is my body given up for you," that's the moment when Christ becomes present in the host and renews his- his incarnation, he's born again into the world, his life, his prayers, his passion, his sufferings, his death, his resurrection, his ascension, right?
这些都在每一台弥撒中发生，对吧？ All that takes place at every single Mass, right?
每一台弥撒都像是基督一生的缩影。 Every single Mass is like a little encapsulation of the life of Christ.
神在世三十三年，都浓缩在弥撒里。所以外在的一 切都要指向这一点，让我们意识到，这就是…… 33 years of God on Earth, i- in the Mass.Um, and, and so it's important that the externals, uh, all point to that, and, and serve to, to make us realize, okay, this is, is...
这就是最重要的事。 this is it, this is the most important thing.
所以，越能做到这一点的弥撒，就是更好的弥撒，对吧？ So the Mass that does that better is going to be a better Mass, right?
因为我们会更明白，也会更真实地参与其中。 Because we're going to understand more, we're gonna be actually participating more.
你知道，有人说：「弥撒应该用大家能听懂的语言举行。」 And you know, people talk about, "Well, the Mass needs to be in a language people understand." You know?
我也许听不懂古斯拉夫语、法语、德语或日语，但我一定能明白「沉默」。 I may not understand old Slavonic or French or German or Japanese, but I can sure understand, um, silence.
对吧？ Right?
我能体会奥秘、感受美、感受敬畏。 And I can understand mystery, and I can understand beauty, and I can understand reverence.
这些都是全人类共通的语言，对吧？ And those are universal languages, right?
沉默是金。 Um, silence is golden.
沉默的美。 The beauty, beauty of silence.
沉默的力量，对吧？ The power of silence, right?
所以这些都是可能的。 So all that is pos- is possible.
而且，还有什么比专属于神的语言更适合举行弥撒呢？ And, and what better language to celebrate Mass than a language which is reserved to God alone?
除了神，没有人说这种语言，对吧？ Nobody speaks this language except God, right?
我们只有在弥撒中向神献祭时才用拉丁文。 We never speak Latin except when we're at Mass offering sacrifice to God.
或者在教会里写正式文件时，我们会用拉丁文。 Or in the Church, when we write official Church documents, we're gonna use Latin.
我们会用教会的官方语言。 We're gonna use the official language of the Church.
没有任何民族或语言比其他人更有特权。 No one, um, nationality or language is privileged over anybody else.
这是一种专属于神和教会的语言，对吧？ This is a language specifically for God and the Church, right?
多美的想法啊。 What a beautiful idea, hmm?
所以…… So that's, um...
所以，客观来说，我认为拉丁弥撒是一种更好的弥撒形式。 sh- what, what should we could say, uh, that's why I think objectively speaking, the Latin Mass is a, a better form of the Mass.
这是…… It was something that, that...
我刚才描述和解释的这些，大家都明白，而且……怎么说呢？ Everything I've just ex- described and explained was understood, and, um, uh, how could we say?
人们一直努力追求的就是这个。 Uh, that, that's what people s- strove to do.
他们想让这种现实越来越具体地呈现出来。 They, they, they wanted to make that reality more and more present.
我们有两千年，最杰出的思想家、音乐家、建筑师都在为此努力。 And we have 2,000 years, uh, of the best minds, the best musical, uh, architectural minds working on this.
他们一定会取得卓越的成果，事实也确实如此。 They're gonna come up with some outstanding results, and they did, right?
为什么我们会认为…… Why do we think that they're...
你去欧洲任何地方，最吸引人的是什么？ Everywhere you go in Europe, what, what are all the attractions?
比如这座大教堂，那座大教堂，这件艺术品？ Like this cathedral, that cathedral, this work of art?
它们都是什么内容？ What's it about?
是关于主变像、复活、根特祭坛画等等。 It's about the Transfiguration, it's about the Resurrection, it's the, you know, the Altarpiece of Ghent and whatever it may be.
全都是宗教题材。 It's all this religious stuff.
艺术生想学大师作品会去哪里？ Where do art students go when they wanna study like the masters?
他们会去西斯廷小堂，对吧？ They go to the Sistine Chapel, right?
全都是宗教艺术。 It's all religious art.
建筑系学生上学学什么？ What do architects study when they go to school?
他们学哥特式大教堂，对吧？ They study Goth- Gothic cathedrals, right?
学建筑首先要看教堂。 That's the first thing when you learn how to build buildings, look at the cathedrals.
那是现代建筑的基础。 That's the foundations of modern architecture.
音乐也是一样。 Same thing with music.
他们学什么？ What did they study?
学弥撒。 The Mass.
莫扎特的弥撒曲。 Uh, Mozart's Mass.
巴赫、贝多芬，他们都为弥撒写过作品。 Bach, Beethoven, they all wrote for the Mass.
所以，弥撒祭献周围应该是人类能献上的最美好的一切。 So th- that is what should surround this sacrifice, is the best mankind has to offer.
但如今，我们却有…… And instead, these days, we have this, um...
你会听到各种阴谋论。 and you hear all kinds of conspiracy theories.
但有人愚蠢地以为，六十年就能想出比两千年更好的主意，对吧？ Um, but you have this foolish idea that in, in, in 60 years, we're gonna come up with a better idea than in 2,000 years, right?
这就是新礼弥撒的结果。 And that's, that's what you end up with with the new Mass.
有问题吗？ Question?
没有，我只是想补充一点。 No, I was gonna say something with that.
我看过泰勒·马歇尔他们讨论过，尤其是在非洲，一个很小的国家可能有九、十种方言。 Uh, I was watching something Taylor Marshall and all those guys were talking about, especially in Africa, where you can have nine or 10 dialects in a very small country.
是的。 Oh, yeah.
他们很喜欢拉丁弥撒，因为—— They really liked the Latin Mass because-
它把大家团结在一起。 It unites them all.
…… ...
这样大家都明白—— then they all understood-
对。 Yeah.
…… ...
确切地—— exactly what-
没错。 Yep.
…… ...
别人说的是什么。 that other person said.
有一个…… There was a, there was, there was a, um...
有位方济各会士讲过一个故事，说有些传教士去了一个岛 ，那里各部落有不同方言、语言、风俗，大家经常争斗。 on the use of Latin in, in the Mass, a, a, a Franciscan, and he talked about the story of how these missionaries went to this island somewhere, and it was very, very, um, disparate, and they all had their local dialects and their local language and their local practices, and they were fighting constantly.
传教士们去那里举行弥撒，各部落的人都会来参加。 And the missionaries went, and they all said Mass, and when the people would go to Mass, they would come from all the different tribes.
他们会…… And they would, they would...
他们开始和睦相处，开始…… they started to get along, and they started to, um...
因为他们说：「虽然我们说不同的语言，有不同的地方习俗，但在弥撒中我们都 是弟兄姊妹，大家都一样。」于是和谐的氛围出现了，传教士们也注意到了。 because they said, "Okay, although we speak different languages and we have different regional, regional, um, you know, peculiarities, when we come to Mass, we're all brothers and sisters and we're all the same." And there was really this, this spirit of harmony that began, and, and, and the missionaries noticed it.
几年后，梵二会议说：「你们要用当地语言举行弥撒。」祭司们问 ：「那我们要学十六种语言吗？」梵蒂冈说：「你们必须这样做。 」结果翻译很差，大家开始用不同语言后，信众就不再去…… And then some years later, in the Vatican II they said, "You have to speak in the language of the people." And the priests were like, "Well, will that mean we have to learn 16 different languages?" And Vatican said, "Well, you have to do it." And so there's a struggle, the translations were poor, and when they started doing it, like, the, the people stopped going to...
如果不是用自己的语言，他们就不去弥撒，纷争又开始了。 if it wasn't in their language, they wouldn't go to Mass, and the strife began again.
传教士们对此非常不满。 And the missionaries complained very much against it.
但他们被要求：「不，你们必须这样做。」 They refused, "No, you have to do it this way."
教会采用拉丁文—— The Church took Latin and-
对，所以…… Right, yeah, so the, the, the, um...
问题是，拉丁文被称为「死语言」。 the question is, Latin's referred to as a dead language.
但我认为…… Um, but I, I call it...
不，拉丁文不是死的，拉丁文是不朽的，对吧？ no, Latin is not dead, Latin is immortal, right?
它永远不会消亡，也不会改变，每个词都有非常明确的含义。 It will never die, and it never changes, in that the words all have very definite meanings.
没有歧义。 There's no ambiguity.
我不是说完全没有，但几乎没有。 Um, I don't say no, there's, there's little, right?
两千年来，教会一直非常谨慎地定义每个术语。 And over 2,000 years, the Church has been very careful to define the terms.
我们说这个词，到底是什么意思？ When we say this, what do we mean?
你想想，没有…… And imagine, you know, there's, there's no...
当你有这种…… when you have that, um...
在梵二之前，所有神学院，不管你是德国人、法国人、 瑞士人、美国人、爱斯基摩人，学神学都是用拉丁文。 p- prior to, uh, you could say Vatican II, all the seminaries, it didn't matter where you went, if you were German, French, Swiss, American, uh, Eskimo, you learned theology in Latin.
全世界的祭司都用同一种语言团结在一起。 The entire world of priests was united in one language.
大家用同样的教材。 And then w- we've got the same textbook.
如果你想要…… If you wanted this...
比如德国神学院关门了，把书运到美国，所有神学生都能用。 you, you closed down a seminary in Germany, you could ship all the books over to America and all the seminarians could use 'em.
完全没问题。 No problem.
因为大家都读、都说拉丁文。 Well, we all read and speak Latin.
这些都失去了。 All that was lost.
这是极大的损失。 It's a huge, huge blow.
所以，拉丁文是教会的语言…… So yeah, Latin is the, um, is the language of the Church for...
我不知道是不是因为拉丁文不变，还是教会故意选 择它，说：「我们要确保这些术语明确，不会…… and I, I don't know if it was for that reason because Latin is, um, uh, unchanging or that the Church took it and was like, "Okay, we're gonna make sure that these terms are definite and that they don't...
没有歧义。」大概就是这样。 there's no ambiguity." So, something like that.
对。 Right.
好，让我想想。 Um, okay, let's see.
还有什么？ Where else?
你听说过弥撒里的「荣耀颂」吗？ Um, have you heard that, uh, that Gloria, you know, the Gloria during Mass?
嗯。 Mm-hmm.
「荣耀归于神至高之处。」 Gloria in excelsis Deo.
「在地上平安归于他所喜悦的人。」对吧？ Glory to God in the highest and peace to his people on Earth, right?
然后新礼弥撒里有一种唱「荣耀归于神」的方式，结果有人 把它和《小马宝莉》的主题曲对调，旋律居然完全吻合。 And then Novus Ordo, you have glory to God-And, and it's this particular way of singing Glory to God, and they transposed it with the My Little Pony theme song, and it, it was the same, like it just fit.
这就是所谓「应该用大众的音乐、民间音乐」的理念，结果变得很俗气、很尴尬…… Uh, and that, that's part of the idea that, oh, it should be the, it should be in the music of the people, it should be the folk music, and it's just this campy, embarrassing...
你知道那首《主啊，我在这里》吗？ Uh, so you know that one, um, Here I Am Lord?
那听起来像七十年代的情景喜剧主题曲。 That's a '70s sitcom.
慢版的《布雷迪一家》主题曲。 The Brady Bunch slowed down.
《主啊，我在这里》 << Here I am, Lord.
「主啊，是我吗？」 Is it I, Lord?
♪ 他自己有三个孩子。 >> ♪ And he had three children of his own.
♪ 对吧？ ♪ Right?
我们就是把这些献给神，对吧？ That's what we're giving to God, right?
还有，你看看现在的教堂，他们还会放幻灯片。 That, and then look at the churches, they had a, they had a slideshow.
呃，这是什么…… Um, is this a...
猜猜那是什么建筑。 Gu- guess that building.
这是银行、学校、监狱还是教堂？ Is this a bank, a school, a prison, or a church?
我也知道那其实是银行。 Knew it was the bank too.
对吧？ Right?
你根本分不出来。 And like, you can't tell.
对吧？ Right?
所以，这就是梵二会议之后的结果——最糟糕的建筑、最糟糕的音乐、最糟糕的神学。 So that's, that, that is, that is what came out of Vatican II, is the worst architecture, the worst music, and the worst theology about this.
对吧？ Right?
我刚才讲的弥撒是基督向神献祭，人类把唯一能讨神喜悦的东西还 给神，这些都被放到一边，取而代之的是「这是个团体」的观念。 Everything I just described about, about the Mass being a sacrifice Christ offers to God, and that mankind giving back to God the only thing, uh, that, that man can do that is pleasing to God, that is all takes a back seat to, uh, this is a community, right?
所以祭司要面向会众，大家彼此面对，成了庆祝团体的活动。 And that's why the priest should be facing the people and they should be facing each other, and it's a celebration of community.
所有的焦点都从神身上转移到人身上。 And that all the focus is taken away from God, and put onto man.
这是不是为什么最近很多教堂都拆除了圣餐栏杆？ Is that why they recently took all the communion rails out of a lot of the churches?
梵二之后他们做了很多糟糕的事，原因有很多。 There, there's, there's many reasons why they did all the horrible things they did after Vatican II, so.
不过，无论如何，这不是…… Um, and, and, and regardless, this is not...
我不想谈什么阴谋论，我只是说，弥撒的焦点应该在神、在基督，而不是在人。 Again, I don't want to go into like conspiracy theories or whatever, but I'm just, you know, was just saying that the focus of the Mass is, should be on God, and should be on Christ, and not on mankind.
嗯…… Um...
所以…… So...
所以—— So-
这就引出了…… That leads to...
那就引出了一个问题：为什么我们因为人的命令 、因为一个病毒就关闭教堂，把神隔绝在外？ So that begs the question, why have we closed the churches on man's word and closed God off to us over a virus?
这就是我要问的问题。 That brings me to my question.
对。 Right.
所以，问题是…… So, um, the question is...
我可能会把前面那些都剪掉。 I'm gonna like edit out all that whole previous whatever.
哦，抱歉。 Oh, sorry.
我们有…… We have...
好，第一个问题，如果真是这样， Okay, the first question, um, if this being the case, right?
如果弥撒如此重要，是人类能献给神最重要的事，为 什么我们欠神的公开敬拜会因为新冠病毒而被取消？ If Mass is so important, if Mass is the most important thing mankind can render to God, why was that public worship we, that we owe to God canceled on account of this coronavirus?
本质上，是因为州长下令不准超过250人的聚会。 And essentially, the governor's decree that no gatherings of more than 250 people.
无论你是在做世上最重要的事，还是在把应归给全能神的敬拜、尊荣和荣耀 献给他，无论我们有多重大的义务，都不重要，只要超过250人就不行。 Doesn't matter that you're doing the most important thing on Earth, and that you're giving God Almighty the worship and honor and glory that is his due, and that we have a grave obligation to give, it doesn't matter that you're doing that, no gatherings of more than 250 people.
这就是问题所在，对吧？ Um, that is the scandal of it, right?
问题在于，一个州长居然可以命令教会该做什么。 The scandal that a governor can essentially tell the Church what to do, right?
给人的感觉就是这样。 That's the impression.
而且给人的印象是，主教们好像在说：「我们其实并不那么看重弥撒，也 不觉得它那么重要，所以一遇到世俗的反对，我们就立刻取消。」对吧？ And the impression is that the bishops are saying, like, "Well, we don't really sufficiently value the Mass or think that that's that important, so we're just gonna go ahead and cancel it at the first whiff of, um, uh, uh, secular, um, disapproval." Right?
这就是大家不满的原因。 That's the impression that's given, and that's why people are upset.
这也是我为什么要详细讲弥撒的本质是祭司和祭品。 That's, that's why I went through the whole thing of describing the essence of the Mass is priest and victim, right?
当基督把自己作为祭品献给神时，无论周围发生什么，无论是《小马宝莉 》的「荣耀归于神」还是维多利亚时代的绝美音乐，基督都在向神献祭。 When Christ offers himself as victim to God, it doesn't matter what else is going around, whether it's My Little Pony Glory to God or Victoria's, you know, a- just absolutely outstanding music, um, Christ is offering sacrifice to God.
所以即使是最糟糕的新礼弥撒，比如祭司心不在焉、会众也无 所谓、没人知道发生了什么，至少还有人在那里，就像圣约翰 或圣母站在十字架下，对神说：「至少我知道发生了什么。」 So the Novus Ordo Mass, uh, uh, the worst Novus Ordo Mass, and I mean the one that is offered like the priest isn't really paying attention, the people are like, "Whatever," nobody knows what's going on, uh, at least somebody's there like Saint John or the Blessed Vir- Virgin at the foot of the Cross, offering to God like, "At least I know what's going on, right?
总有人在敬拜你。所以，即使是那种糟糕、俗气的新礼弥撒 ，在那一刻也是世界上最重要的事，向神献上无限的祭献。 Somebody here is, is worshiping you." So that, that h- horrible, you know, campy Novus Ordo Mass is the most important thing going on in the world right then, and is offering to God infinite sacrifice.
只是它被很糟糕地举行了。 It's just that it's being very poorly done.
所以参加新礼弥撒并不是坏事。 So attending a Novus Ordo Mass is not a bad thing.
对。 Yeah.
所以，只要你能参加的任何弥撒都能履行这个义务。 So, uh, any, any Mass you can get to fulfills this obligation.
任何弥撒都是…… Any Mass is, is, is, is...
你都应该去。 Like, you should be there.
好的。 Okay.
对。 Yeah.
所以一定要去。 A- and so absolutely go.
如果有选择，当然要去拉丁弥撒，因为会举行得更好。 If you have a choice, obviously go to the Latin Mass where it's gonna be done better.
但如果没有选择，就去任何一台弥撒。 But if there's no, is no choice, just get to Mass, right?
参与这件你能做的最重要的事。 Participate in this, the most important thing you can possibly do.
主日参加弥撒是极其重大的义务。 It's a grave obligation to attend Mass on Sundays.
不去就是大罪。 So not to do so is a grave sin.
好的。 Okay.
这正如我说的，源于这个循环。 And then that stems from, like I said, this, this cycle here.
神赐给我们一切。 God gave us everything.
我们欠神感恩的债。 We owe a debt of gratitude to God.
我们欠他尊荣、敬拜和荣耀，教会说：「每周参加一次弥撒来实现这 一点。」只要你参加弥撒，就履行了敬拜、感谢、赞美神的义务。 We owe him ho- honor and worship and glory, and the Church said, "Okay, attend Mass once a week in order to do that." If you attend Mass, you are fulfilling your obligation of adoring God and thanking God and praising God.
即使你不是公教徒也一样。 And it doesn't matter if you're not Catholic.
如果你不参加弥撒，客观来说，无论你做什么， If you're not attending Mass, you're not o- like, objectively speaking, you, it doesn't matter what you do.
如果你不参加弥撒，你就没有把应归给神的尊荣、敬拜和荣耀献给他。 If you're not attending Mass, you are not giving God the honor and worship and glory that he is owed by us.
所以每个人都成为公教徒、都去弥撒是极其重要的。 That's why it's so important for everybody to be Catholic and everybody to be going to Mass.
明白吗？ Okay?
取消神的公开敬拜是极其重大的决定。 This is a heavy, heavy decision to cancel the public worship of God.
对。 Right.
这责任在主教身上。 That's on the bishop's shoulder.
以前有过这种事吗？ Has that been done before?
有。 Yes.
历史上有先例。 This has historical precedent.
中世纪时，主教经常会取消弥撒，这叫「禁令」。 In the Middle Ages, bishops would cancel Masses all the time, it was called interdict.
如果某地发生叛乱、严重问题或其他重大事件，主教会禁止一切圣事的施行。 Um, if a region was like rebelling or there was serious trouble or there was any kind of, um, something which, which was of a grave nature, bishops would forbid all sacraments from being distributed.
我不想细讲，但这种事以前发生过，主教确实有这个 权柄。所以我们不能向神还敬拜，并不是我们的错。 And then I, I don't want to go into that, but th- this has been done before and bishops do have that authority.So, for on our part, we are not at fault for not being able to return that worship to God.
神不会把这归咎于我们，对吧？ God is- that is not gonna be imputed on us, right?
但我们还神感恩的义务并没有因此免除。 However, our obligation of returning him thanks is not lifted.
我们仍然欠神尊荣、敬拜和荣耀。 So we still do owe God honor and worship and glory.
所以我们的本堂神父杰克逊神父说：「守主日为圣。」读圣经，留出一小时，向神感恩。 And that's why, um, y- y- our own pastor, Father Jackson, said, "Keep Sunday holy." Read Scripture, set aside an hour and, and give God thanks.
把我们欠他的尊荣献给他，只要我们自己没有罪。 Give him that honor that we, uh, w- y- we owe him, if we do know sin on our part.
如果取消弥撒没有充分理由，那每一天没有弥撒，主教都欠神所有的荣耀和尊荣。 If that cancellation of masses was made without sufficient reason, then every single day that mass is not offered, the bishop owes all that glory and honor to God.
他怎么还得起？ How is he gonna pay that?
还吧。 Pay it.
想想都可怕，对吧？ Yikes, right?
我们还不起。 We can't pay it.
为主教祷告吧。 Pray for the bishop, right?
祈求他做出正确的决定。 Pray that he makes the right decision.
祈求这就是正确的决定。 Pray that this was the right decision.
我们也不知道。 And we don't know.
我们没有…… We don't, we don't have access...
这不是个容易的决定。 He was, uh, this is not an easy decision.
他也不想这样做。 He didn't want to do this.
他肯定咨询了医学专家、病毒学家、各种神学家。 Uh, he consulted with, uh, medical experts, I'm sure, virologists, uh, all kinds of theologians.
也许他们不怎么样，但他确实咨询过了。 Uh, uh, maybe they weren't very good, but he certainly consulted, right?
他掌握的信息我们没有。 And he's privy to information we don't have.
所以我们不该随便猜测说：「他做错了决定」或 者「那不是正确的决定」。这不是我们该说的。 So it wouldn't be good to second guess and say, "Well, he made a bad decision," or, "That wasn't the right decision." Well, it's not my place to say that, right?
我们能做的就是指出弥撒的重要性和这个决定的分 量，然后为主教祷告，求神让他做出正确的决定。 What we can do is point out the importance of the mass and the gravity of the decision, and then pray for the bishop that, that, um, you know, that, that, that, that, um, I don't know, that, that it was th- the correct one.
如果不是正确的，也求他能尽快做出正确的决定，下次也好，什么时候都好。 Or if it wasn't, that he makes the correct one soon, or next time, or whenever it may be.
为什么不能只让249人参加弥撒？ Why can't mass be celebrated with 249 people?
这是他做出的决定，对吧？ Um, that's the decision he made, right?
我们只能…… And that's what we ha- that's...
我们可以想：「那我们能不能只让不到250人参加弥撒？」 当然，这样可以满足州长的要求，但主教并没有这么决定。 We, we can look at that and say, "Well, well, can't we have masses with less than 250?" I mean, sure, that would, that would fulfill the governor's request, but that's not what the bishop decided.
但这还是属于顺服，因为我们本该顺服—— It still falls under obedient, though, 'cause we're supposed to be obedient to-
好，问题是…… Okay, not being it, the question is...
教会里有一个团体，叫圣庇护十世会。 um, so there is a, uh, society, uh, a group within the church called the Society of Saint Pius X.
这是一个祭司团体。 This is a group of priests.
梵二会议后，面对那些混乱，他们说：「我们不接受这些。 And after Vatican II, right, all that craziness, they said, "We're not doing this.
这是错的。 This is wrong.
这不是弥撒该有的样子。 This is not the proper way mass should be.
我们要继续用拉丁文举行弥撒，保留所有传统神学、音乐、建筑等等。」 We are gonna continue to celebrate mass in Latin with all the old, um, theology and, and all the old, um, music and architecture and so on," right?
所有传统礼仪。 All the old liturgy.
这种情况从上世纪六十年代一直持续到现在。 Uh, and that continued from 1960, the 1960s and onward.
有一位…… And there was a...
勒费弗尔总主教就是创立这个团体的主教。 Archbishop Lefebvre was the, the bishop who founded that.
这些团体一直存在，他们会进入某个教区。 Uh, so these groups have continued to exist, and they go into a diocese.
像我们圣彼得兄弟会，要在这里设立堂区，必须得到主教的许可：「 我们能在你教区设堂、举行拉丁弥撒吗？」「可以。」「谢谢。」 And normally, for us to be here at the Fraternity of Saint Peter, we must get the bishop's permission, "Can we establish a parish in your diocese and offer the Latin mass?" "Yes." "Okay, thank you.
「那我们就来了。」但圣庇护十世会直接就做了。 Here we come." The SSPX just does it, right?
他们找些有钱的支持者，建个小堂，就开始举行弥撒。 They find some wealthy benefactors, they build a chapel, they start offering mass.
主教问：「你们在这里干什么？」他们说：「我们在救灵魂，因为你们没做。」 The bishop says, "What are you doing here?" And they say, "Saving souls because you're not," right?
所以双方关系很紧张。 So there's an antagonistic relationship there.
不管事实如何，态度就是这样。 And whether that's true or not, that's, that's the, the kind of attitude.
主教会授权祭司主持婚礼、施洗、举行弥撒、听告解。 So the bishop gives priests permission to, uh, celebrate weddings, to do baptisms, to say mass, to hear confessions.
没有主教的许可，我们不能做这些事。 If we don't have that permission, we can't do that.
圣庇护十世会声称他们有许可…… The SSPX, they claim to have permission...
其实很复杂，但他们确实没有主教的许可就来了。 Well, it's complicated, but they're just, they're here without the permission of the bishop.
所以—— So-
所以当主教决定不举行弥撒时，他们说：「我们照样要做。」 So when he, when he makes the, the decision no mass, they say, "Well, we're gonna do it." We're gonna do it.
但博兹曼教区说，圣庇护十世会在这里没有任何合法身份。 Yeah, but the Diocese of Bozeman says SSPX doesn't have any jurisdiction here.
这不是…… It's not...
你去他们那里并不能履行你的主日义务。 It doesn't fulfill your Sunday obligation if you go to them.
对，所以总主教有专门的说明。 Right, and so the archbishop has a page.
对。 Yeah.
所以所谓的「公教弥撒」不止圣庇护十世会一家。 And so so-called Catholic masses and the SSPX is not the only one.
还有—— There's like-
对，还有很多不同的团体。 Yeah, there's a lot of different groups.
有…… There's...
对。 Yeah.
还有一些奇怪的合一运动团体。 Some weird ecumenical things.
对，还有很多自称公教的团体，其实并不是真正的公教。 Yeah, many other groups that call themselves Catholic, but they're not really there.
但圣庇护十世会的复杂之处在于，罗马曾经说过…… Uh, but the, the confusing situation with the SSPX, the Society of Saint Pius X, is that, um, Rome has said...
有人写信问：「去圣庇护十世会的小堂能履行主日义务吗？」罗马回复 ：「可以。」但这是不是高于主教的许可，还是说除非主教另有规定？ It was written, "Can a person fulfill their Sunday obligation by going to the SSPX chapel?" And Rome replied, "Yes, you can." Uh, but is that a permission over and above the bishop or is that unless the bishop says otherwise?
通常来说…… And typically, it's, it's, um...
这也是为什么很混乱。我认为更有力的说法是，除非 主教另有规定，否则你可以去圣庇护十世会的弥撒。 Well, that, that's part of what makes it so confusing, is I think the more stronger case is that if the bishop, unless the bishop says otherwise, you could go to an SSPX mass.
但如果主教说不行，你就必须顺服主教。 But if the bishop says no, you, you're bound to obey your bishop.
也有人持相反观点，但我完全不建议大家去圣庇护十世会，因为有危险。 And the other argument's otherwise, and I don't recommend people go to SSPX at all because of the danger.
就像那些不是公教徒、不知道该去弥撒的人一样，这并不意味着他们就没有敬拜神的义务。 Because just like those people that they're not Catholic and they don't know they're supposed to be going to mass, but that doesn't mean that they're relieved of their obligation to give God worship.
所以如果圣庇护十世会错了，他们不顺服却想向神献祭，神并不喜悦，因为他们不顺服。 So if the SSPX is wrong and they're being disobedient and attempting to offer God pleasing sacrifice, he's not pleased because they're being disobedient.
他们会说：「什么？」 And like, "What?
「我们有理啊。」 But we're justified.
「我们本来就该这样做。」但神会说：「我知道你们这么想，但其实你们不该这样做。」 去圣庇护十世会小堂的风险就在于可能不顺服，得罪神，这是没人愿意做的事，对吧？ We're supposed to be doing this." And God's like, "Well, I know you think that, but actually you shouldn't be." That's the risk of going to an SSPX chapel, is there's a risk of disobedience and, and being displeasing to God, which nobody wants to do, right?
所以，顺服更重要。 So, obedience is more important.
等一下。 Hold on.
后面有问题吗？ Yes, question in the back.
你刚才说要留出一小时祷告。 Uh, you mentioned set aside an hour for prayer.
我想问，我们可以用弥撒经本祷告吗？或者有什么好的祷告方式？ Um, I'm wondering, like, could we just go through our missal or what, what is a good way to pray?
因为我知道祷告有一定的顺序，对吧？ 'Cause I know that there's like an order of operations, right?
你要…… You kind of like-
对，没错。 Right, yes.
你先承认神，赞美他，然后祈求—— You acknowledge God, you praise him, you ask-
对，对。 Oh, yeah, yeah.
你说的是祷告的四个目的。 You're talking about the four ends of prayer.
我们等会儿会讲到。 We'll get to that.
我一会儿会回答。 I'll answer that in, in a bit here.
让我先回到刚才圣庇护十世会的问题…… Um, let me get back to the other one, which was SSPX...
这个问题。 This question.
顺服。 Obedience.
顺服比……更重要。 Obedience is more important than...
哦，对。 um, oh, right.
所以如果主教说：「好， So if, if the bishop says, "Okay, this, um...
我们不再举行公开弥撒。」你说：「可是那是公开弥撒啊。」 We're not gonna do public masses anymore." And you're like, "Whoa, but that's public mass.
「那是我们欠神的敬拜。」主教说：「这是我的决定，我的教区，我的判断。 That's the worship we owe to God." And he says, "Well, this is my decision, my diocese, my prudential call.
为了公众健康安全，我们不举行公开弥撒。」但 圣庇护十世会却违抗主教举行弥撒。不要去。 We're not gonna offer public masses for the public's health and safety," but the SSPX over here is offering mass in disobedience to the bishop.Don't go.
顺服更重要。 Obedience is more important.
这不也是一小时祷告的一部分吗？ Is that not part of an hour's prayer?
还是—— Or-
是的。 Uh, yes.
你仍然欠神敬拜，但就像…… Uh, so, um, you still owe God worship, but, um, again, just like the, um...
其实这也是犹太人的问题。 we could say this was a problem of the Jews, actually.
这正是犹太人和法利赛人的问题。 This is, uh, precisely the problem with the Jews and the Pharisees.
当基督来到世上说：「你们要如此行，为的是记念我。」其实 就是「我是律法的成全者」。犹太人却说：「但摩西说…… When Christ came to Earth and he said, "Do this in memory of me." Essentially, "I am the fulfillment of the law." Uh, and the Jews are like, "But Moses said...
律法是这样说的。」基督说：「没错，我就是成全律法的那一位。 but the law says." And Christ says, "That's right, and I'm the fulfillment of that.
为证明给你们看，起来，拿你的褥子走吧。 And to prove it to you, pick up your bed and walk.
得看见吧。 Receive thy sight.
拉撒路，出来吧。」对吧？ Lazarus, come forth." Right?
基督行这些神迹，是要告诉犹太人：「我赐给你们新命令。 Christ is working all these miracles to show the Jews, "I'm giving you a new commandment.
以前神让你们这样做，现在神让你们这样做，他们其实早就知道会有新约。 God told you to do this before, but God is telling you now to do this," which they knew was coming.
耶利米书31章31节说：「耶和华说，日子将到，我要与以色列家和犹大家另立新约。」 In Jeremiah 31:31 it says, "The days are coming, sayeth the Lord, when I will establish a new covenant with my people.
「不像我拉着他们祖宗的手领他们出埃及时与他 们所立的约。」他告诉他们：「会有新约。」 Not like the covenant I made with our fathers in the wilderness." He tell- told them, "There is a new covenant.
一切都会改变。 It's going to change.
会不一样。」当基督来行神迹、带来改变时，犹太人却说：「不。 It's gonna be different." And when Christ came and worked miracles and changed it, the Jews said, "No.
我们要照我们自己的方式做。」这就像主教说：「神借主教说话。 We wanna do it this way." And that's the same attitude of when the bishop says, "God speaks through the bishop.
你们要这样举行弥撒，要听主教的。」我们却说：「不。」这就是对神不顺服。 Um, you're gonna- you're gonna do- you're gonna, um, do mass this way and listen to the bishop." And we say, "No." We're, we're being disobedient to God.
那我们该怎么办？ So what should we do?
问题就变成：当我们顺服主教，不能去弥撒时，如何尊荣神？ The question then becomes, um, when in obedience to the bishop, uh, we don't go to mass or we can't go to mass, how do we honor God?
对。 Right.
有很多方式可以做到。 Um, and there are, there are many ways to do that.
你可以来参加我们提供的圣体朝拜。 You can come to adoration, which we offer.
你可以照弥撒当天的读经来读。 You can, you can, um, follow along the readings that you would have done at mass.
拿出弥撒经本，读序言、集祷经、各种弥撒祷文。 Get your hand missal and go through the intro, what's the collect, what's the, the different prayers and the mass.
可以念玫瑰经，读半小时圣经，或者做其他灵修。 Uh, pray the rosary, read the Bible for half an hour, uh, a- along with the other things, right?
花一小时。 So take an hour.
花45分钟或一小时与神相处，祷告。 Take 45 minutes or an hour, and spend it with God, spend it in prayer.
尽你所能，这就足够了。 Do the best you can, and that's gonna suffice.
为什么？ Why?
因为你是在顺服神，对吧？ Because you're being obedient to God, right?
摩西之约时，我们就该这样做。 Mosaic covenant, that's what we're gonna do.
新约时，我们也该这样做。 Uh, new covenant, that's what we're gonna do.
主日和瞻礼日要参加弥撒，这就是我们该做的。 Attend mass on Sundays and holy days, that's what we're gonna do.
主教有权决定取消弥撒，那我们就照做，对吧？ Competent authority of the bishop, mass is canceled, that's what we're gonna do, right?
顺服永远更重要。 Obedience is always more important.
不要被外在的东西困住。 Don't get caught up in the, uh, externals.
有些人说：「我没赶上拉丁弥撒，所以主日没去弥撒。」这是错的，对吧？ That's when people say, "Well, uh, I couldn't make it to a Latin mass, so I didn't go to mass on Sunday." Wrong answer, right?
他们会…… O- they go...
教会并没有说：「主日和瞻礼日要参加拉丁弥撒。」 It doesn't say, "Attend the Latin mass on Sundays and holy days.
也没说「主日和瞻礼日参加你喜欢的弥撒」，而是说「要参加弥撒」。只要去就行。 Attend a mass that you like on Sundays and holy days." It says, "A- attend mass." Just go.
我们就讲到这里。 So we'll end there.
这就是…… That's...
我们时间有点超了。 We've gone a little bit over time.
这段视频要大幅剪辑，就像我说的。 Um, there'll be some heavy editing to do with this video, like I mentioned.
抱歉。 Sorry.
嗯。 Yeah.
好的。 Okay.
我们一起起立祷告吧。 Let's, let's stand and say a prayer.