大家好，欢迎回到「原始教会」。 Hi folks, welcome back to The Original Church.
你们知道，互联网上最大的宗教争论之一就是关于三位一体的教义。 You know, one of the biggest ongoing religious arguments on the internet is over the doctrine of the Trinity.
你可以找到一些网站告诉你三位一体的教义不符合圣经，甚至不是基督教的。 You can find websites that will tell you that the doctrine of the Trinity is not biblical, and even that it's not Christian.
但这是真的吗？ But is that true?
要回答这个问题，这是否真实，你得退后一步问，对谁来说是真的？ Now to answer that question, is that true, you sort of have to back up a step and ask, true to whom?
换句话说，谁来决定什么是真理？ In other words, who gets to decide what's true?
回到原始教会的全部意义在于假设最初的基督徒在决定什么是基督教和什 么不是基督教时有某种优先权，因为他们更接近源头，就是耶稣和使徒。 Well, the whole point of getting back to The Original Church is based on the assumption that the original Christians have some kind of priority when it comes to determining what is and isn't Christian, because they are closer to the source, Jesus and the Apostles.
这就引出了一个问题，最初的基督徒是否相信三位一体？ So that brings us to the question, did the original Christians believe in the Trinity?
换句话说，他们是否将神理解为三位一体？ In other words, did they understand God as Trinity?
原始教会是否教导三位一体的教义？ And did The Original Church teach the doctrine of the Trinity?
像许多这样的问题一样，我们实际上可以从耶稣是否相信三位一体开始。 Now like a lot of these questions, we can actually start with, did Jesus believe in the Trinity?
现在请记住，耶稣的圣经就是我们所称的旧约。 Now remember that Jesus' Bible is what we call the Old Testament.
但当耶稣的百姓读他们的圣经时，他们不会说出神的名字。 But when Jesus' people read their Bible, they would not say the name of God.
他们会用其他词代替，比如主。 They would substitute something else, like Lord.
但耶稣来了之后，他给了我们一个新的替代神名的称呼，这来自旧约。 But Jesus, when he came along, he gave us a new substitution for the name of God, and it comes from the Old Testament.
在旧约中，神被描述为像父亲一样。 In the Old Testament, God is described as being like a father.
因此耶稣称神为他的父，并说神也可以成为我们的父。 And so Jesus called God his father, and said that God could also be our father.
正如我在另一个视频中向你们展示的，耶稣视自己为 弥赛亚之子，这是通过摩西和但以理等人应许的。 As I showed you in another video, Jesus saw himself as the Messianic Son, promised through Moses and Daniel, among others.
耶稣还谈到了圣灵，并应许要差遣圣灵。 And Jesus also talked about the Holy Spirit, and promised to send the Spirit.
圣灵是神的神圣之灵。 The Holy Spirit is the divine Spirit of God.
我们在旧约中看到这一点。 We see this in the Old Testament.
在新约中，圣保罗告诉我们圣灵也是耶稣基督的灵。 And in the New Testament, St. Paul tells us that the Holy Spirit is also the Spirit of Jesus Christ.
然而圣灵不是圣父，圣灵也不是圣子。 And yet the Holy Spirit is not the Father, and the Holy Spirit is not the Son.
因此当耶稣告诉他的门徒给人施洗时，他告诉他们要奉三位一体的独一真神施洗。 And so when Jesus told his disciples to baptize people, he told them to baptize into the one God as Trinity.
奉神的名，三位一体的名，就是圣父、圣子、圣灵的名施洗。 To baptize in the name of God, the Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
所以这一切都始于耶稣自己用三个位格来解释神，而他自己就是其中之一。 So it all starts with Jesus himself explaining God in terms of three persons, himself being one.
现在，我无法在15分钟或更短的时间内充分阐述三位一体 的教义，所以请放心，还会有更多关于这个主题的视频。 Now, I can't really do justice to the doctrine of the Trinity in 15 minutes or less, so rest assured that there will be more videos on this subject.
现在，强调你可能已经知道的就足够了，那就是独一 的神永恒地以三个位格存在，即圣父、圣子和圣灵。 For now, it's enough to emphasize what you probably already know, that the one God exists eternally as three persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
这三个位格是有区别的，但不是分离的，因为他们是一位神。 The three persons are distinct, but not separate, because they are one God.
他们是合一的，但不是完全相同的。 They are one, but not identical.
是一体的，但不是完全相同的，因为他们是三个位格。 One but not one and the same, because they are three persons.
这是一个悖论，但也是我们基督教信仰中最重要的教义。 Now this is a paradox, but it is also the most important doctrine in our Christian faith.
如果在这一点上出错，就会导致一切都错。 And to get this wrong is to get everything wrong.
尽管耶稣曾教导关于他的父，称自己为子，并赐 下圣灵，但在升天之后，人们仍然感到困惑。 Now, even though Jesus had taught about his Father, referred to himself as the Son, and had given the Holy Spirit, after the Ascension, people were still confused.
这个人是谁？ Who was this guy?
这个人是谁？ Who is this guy?
他是神吗？ Is he God?
他是一位神吗？ Is he a God?
他是人吗？ Is he human?
如果他是神，那是否意味着有两位神？ If he's God, does that mean there are two gods?
剧透一下，不，不是这样。但如果他是人，那么他与他称为父的那一位有什么关系？ Spoiler alert, no, it doesn't. But if he's human, what is his relationship to the one whom he called the Father?
我在另一个视频中说过，神的主要启示是道成肉身。 Now I said in another video that the primary revelation of God is the Incarnation.
但像所有的启示一样，教会仍然需要解释它，阐明它，并弄清楚如何教导它。 But like all revelation, the church still had to interpret it and explain it and figure out how to teach it.
因此，最早的基督徒在那里说，那是什么，我们称之为道成肉身的这件事？ And so the earliest Christians were there saying, what was that, this thing we call the Incarnation?
但别忘了，当他们问这些问题时，他们知道去哪里寻找答案。 But never forget that when they asked these questions, they knew where to go for the answers.
他们去找使徒。 They went to the apostles.
然后他们又去找使徒的门徒。 And then they went to the disciples of the apostles.
对于耶稣基督是神性还是人性的问题，原始教会的回答是，是的 ，两者都是，是神，但不是父，是人，但在人类中是独特的。 So to the question of whether Jesus Christ is divine or human, the original church answers, yes, both, God, but not the Father, human, but unique among humanity.
这就是整个事情的悖论变得明显的地方。 So here's where the paradox of the whole thing becomes apparent.
如果神是三位，他怎么还能是一位？ If God is three, how can he still be one?
这就是问题所在，是我们所称的基督教一神论的悖论。 And this is the problem, the paradox of what we call Christian monotheism.
一神论意味着神是一位，神必须是一位。 Monotheism means God is one, God must be one.
我们永远不能放弃这一点。 We can never let go of that.
只能有一位神。 There can only be one God.
然而通过耶稣基督道成肉身的启示，基督徒理解神也是三位的。 And yet with the revelation of Jesus Christ in the Incarnation, the Christians understood God as also being three.
这怎么可能？ How is this possible?
这是一个奥秘。 It's a mystery.
但仅仅因为某事是奥秘并不意味着它不是真的。 But just because something is a mystery does not mean it isn't true.
因此，三位一体的教义是对这个悖论的答案。 And so the doctrine of the Trinity is the answer to the paradox.
三位一体的教义成为基督教的核心定义。 The doctrine of the Trinity became the very definition of Christianity.
凡不是三位一体的就不是基督教。 Whatever is not Trinitarian is not Christian.
因此，教会的大多数，我们可以称之为原始教会的主 流，他们遵循使徒和他们的门徒即主教们的教导。 So the majority of the church, what we can call the mainstream of the original church, they followed the teachings of the apostles and their disciples, the bishops.
但在原始教会的边缘有一些人对这个问题给出了 另类的答案，通常是走向一个或另一个极端。 But there were people on the fringes of the original church who gave alternative answers to the question, usually on one extreme or the other.
所以他们没有说耶稣既是人又是神，而是选择了一个并拒绝了另一个。 So rather than saying that Jesus was both human and divine, they picked one and rejected the other.
最终，甚至一些主教也陷入了这些极端之一。 And eventually, even some bishops fell into one of these extremes.
你看，一些人犯的错误，现在仍在犯的错误，就是坚持 一个而拒绝另一个，因为他们无法将两者同时持守。 You see, the mistake that some people made and still make was to hang on to one and reject the other because they couldn't hold them both together.
有些人无法理解这个悖论，神是三位，但仍然是一位神。 Some could not get their heads around the paradox, God as three, but still one God.
因此他们认为为了保护一神论，他们必须拒绝基督的神性。 And so they thought that in order to protect monotheism, they had to reject Christ's divinity.
但否认耶稣的神性就是剥夺了他作为救主的能力。 But to deny the divinity of Jesus is to take away his ability to be the savior.
其他人实际上接受耶稣神性的观念，但他们无法理解神的道如何能成为人。 Others were actually fine with the idea of Jesus's divinity, but they could not get their heads around how the divine word could become human.
他们认为神性必须与物质世界和人类分开，认为道成肉身本身是不可能的。 They thought that divinity had to be kept separate from the material world and from humanity and that the incarnation itself was impossible.
因此他们否认了耶稣的人性。 And so they denied the humanity of Jesus.
他们说他是众多神中的一位。 And they said that he was one God among many.
但这样你就失去了耶稣的人性，他不再是我们中的一员。 But then you lose the humanity of Jesus and he's no longer one of us.
如果他不是我们中的一员，他可能是一位救主，但他不能成为我们的救主。 And if he's not one of us, he might be a savior, but he can't be our savior.
这就是人们犯的错误，倒向一边或另一边，拒绝耶稣的两性中的一个，他的人性和神性。 And so these are the mistakes that people made, falling to one side or the other, rejecting one or the other of Jesus's two natures, his humanity and his divinity.
当你在互联网上发现有人拒绝三位一体的教义时，他们 仍在犯与原始教会时期那些边缘群体所犯的同样错误。 And when you find people on the internet who reject the doctrine of the Trinity, they are still making the same mistakes that these fringe groups were making during the time of the original church.
因此，三位一体的教义是解决这个悖论的唯一答案，它保留了 原始教会对这个问题的双重回答，即耶稣基督既是神又是人。 And so the doctrine of the Trinity is the only answer to the paradox that preserves the both and answer to the question of the original church, that Jesus Christ is both divine and human.
到我们称之为原始教会时期结束时，三位一体的教 义在我们称为尼西亚信经的文件中被详细阐述。 And by the end of the time that we're calling the original church, the doctrine of the Trinity was spelled out in what we call the Nicene Creed.
我怎么强调都不为过。 Now I can't stress this enough.
尼西亚信经是基督教的历史定义，解释了最初的基督徒所信的内容。 The Nicene Creed is the historic definition of Christianity that explains what the original Christians believed.
拒绝尼西亚信经就是成为非基督徒。 To reject the Nicene Creed is to be something other than Christian.
那么三位一体的教义符合圣经吗？ And so is the doctrine of the Trinity biblical?
是的，符合。 Yes, it is.
要深入了解三位一体教义背后的圣经依据，请参阅我的书《三位 一体101》。最初的基督徒是否相信并教导神是三位一体的？ And for a deep dive into the scripture behind the doctrine of the Trinity, see my book, Trinity 101. Did the original Christians believe in and teach God as Trinity?
是的，他们当然相信。 Yes, of course they did.
这不是某种腐败，而是接受所有圣经的结果，即使它们看似难以协调。 It is not some corruption, but it is the result of accepting all of the scriptures, even when they seem hard to fit together.
我稍后还会有更多关于这个主题的视频。 And again, I'm going to have more videos on this later.
但那些拒绝三位一体教义的人这样做是因为他们拒绝、忽视或解释掉了一些圣经经文。 But those who reject the doctrine of the Trinity are doing so because they are rejecting or ignoring or explaining away some of the texts of scripture.
原始教会的最高成就是澄清基督教的本质定义，什么是基督教，什么不是。所以如 果你听到有人说三位一体的教义不符合圣经，他们是在挑选阅读哪些经文，为了支 持某些经文而拒绝其他经文，为了支持基督的人性而拒绝他的神性，反之亦然。 The crowning achievement of the original church was to clarify the very definition of what Christianity is and what it isn't. So if you hear someone saying that the doctrine of the Trinity is not biblical, they are picking and choosing which texts to read, rejecting some in favor of others, rejecting the divinity of Christ in favor of his humanity or vice versa.
如果你听到有人说三位一体的教义不是基督教的，那么他们实际上是 在试图重新定义基督教，而没有考虑到原始教会主流的信仰和教导。 And if you hear someone say that the doctrine of the Trinity is not Christian, well, they are actually trying to redefine Christianity without taking into consideration the beliefs and teachings of the mainstream of the original church.
这就是原始教会的情况。 And that's how it was in the original church.
感谢你的收看。 Thanks for joining me.
下次再见。 See you next time.
嘿，感谢你看完整个视频。 Hey, thanks for watching this video all the way to the end.
我真的很感激。 I really appreciate that.
请与你的朋友分享这个视频，并请在Locals.com上加入我的原始教会社区。 Please share this video with your friends and please join me in the original church community on Locals.com.
别忘了，如果你在Locals.com上加入原始教会社区， Don't forget that if you join the original church community on Locals.com,
你可以每周参加我的实时、深入、按时间顺序进行的圣经研究。 you can join me each week for a live, in-depth, chronological Bible study.
每周六都会进行直播，但如果你没空的话，也可以之后观看。 It's live streamed every Saturday, but you can watch it later if you're not available.
所以加入我吧，我们那里见。 So join me for that and I'll see you there.
希望在那里见到你。 I hope to see you there.
我们那里见。 And I'll see you there.