- start: 0.779999971
  end: 9.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: I have the opportunity to speak to you this morning about the good news of God's impassibility.
  zh: 今天早晨，我有机会向你们讲述神的不受感性的好消息。
- start: 9.0
  end: 19.440000534
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, I will be trying to persuade you that God is not passionate about you or about anything at all.
  zh: 事实上，我会试图说服你们，神对你们或任何事物都没有感情。
- start: 19.440000534
  end: 30.700000763
  speaker: unknown
  en: I can only ask that at this point you hold the rotten tomatoes until the end, and if your judgment says you should throw them anyway, have at it.
  zh: 我只能请求你们暂时保留烂番茄，直到最后，如果你们认为应该扔，那就扔吧。
- start: 30.700000763
  end: 35.180000305
  speaker: unknown
  en: But before we get there, let's consider this ancient doctrine of God without passions.
  zh: 但在此之前，让我们思考一下这个古老的神无感情的教义。
- start: 35.180000305
  end: 39.939998627
  speaker: unknown
  en: I want to begin by reading a text of Scripture in Acts 14.
  zh: 我想从读《使徒行传》第十四章的一段经文开始。
- start: 40.080001831
  end: 42.419998169
  speaker: unknown
  en: Verse 15 is the particular focus.
  zh: 特别关注第十五节。
- start: 42.419998169
  end: 59.299999237
  speaker: unknown
  en: And then I want to introduce to us and perhaps reintroduce for some who have heard this before the doctrine of God's impassibility or his passionlessness and why historically Christians have said this and what the importance of this doctrine is for our understanding of God.
  zh: 然后，我想向大家介绍或重新介绍神的不受感性或无感情的教义，为什么历史上的基督徒会这样说，以及这个教义对我们理解神的重要性。
- start: 59.340000153
  end: 68.620002747
  speaker: unknown
  en: Paul and Barnabas had been identified wrongly by the men of Lystra as the gods Zeus and Hermes come down from Olympus and walking among them in the city.
  zh: 保罗和巴拿巴被路司得的人错误地认作从奥林匹斯山下来的神宙斯和赫尔墨斯，在城中行走。
- start: 68.779998779
  end: 74.199996948
  speaker: unknown
  en: And the priests even led the people out to bring offerings and sacrifices to the apostles.
  zh: 祭司们甚至带领百姓出来向使徒献祭。
- start: 74.199996948
  end: 84.959999084
  speaker: unknown
  en: And verse 14 says, When the apostles Barnabas and Paul heard of it, they tore their robes and rushed out into the crowd crying out and saying, Men, why are you doing these things?
  zh: 第十四节说，使徒巴拿巴和保罗听见就撕开衣裳，跳进众人中间喊着说，诸君，为什么做这些事呢？
- start: 84.959999084
  end: 101.260002136
  speaker: unknown
  en: We are also men of the same nature or literally of like passions as you and preach the gospel to you that you should turn from these vain things to a living God who made the heaven, the earth, the sea, and all that is in them.
  zh: 我们也是人，性情和你们一样，传福音给你们，叫你们离弃这些虚妄的事，归向那创造天地海和其中万物的永生神。
- start: 101.260002136
  end: 105.86000061
  speaker: unknown
  en: We'll revisit that text in a few moments to see its relevance for this doctrine.
  zh: 我们稍后会再看这段经文，看看它与这个教义的关系。
- start: 105.86000061
  end: 109.86000061
  speaker: unknown
  en: It was once a commonplace that God was without parts.
  zh: 曾经，神无形体是常识。
- start: 109.86000061
  end: 113.519996643
  speaker: unknown
  en: It was also a commonplace that God was without passions.
  zh: 神无感情也是常识。
- start: 114.019996643
  end: 124.279998779
  speaker: unknown
  en: The Archbishop Thomas Cranmer, the first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury penned this little phrase that God is without body, parts, or passions.
  zh: 第一位新教坎特伯雷大主教托马斯·克兰麦写下了这句话：神无身体、无形体、无感情。
- start: 124.379997253
  end: 133.160003662
  speaker: unknown
  en: The 39 articles of the Church of England picked that up as the first article, the first thing they said about God is that he's without body, parts, or passions.
  zh: 英格兰教会的三十九条信条将其作为第一条，首先说的是神无身体、无形体、无感情。
- start: 133.160003662
  end: 138.220001221
  speaker: unknown
  en: The Westminster Confession of the Presbyterians adopted the same language.
  zh: 长老会的《威斯敏斯特信条》也采用了同样的语言。
- start: 138.220001221
  end: 147.020004272
  speaker: unknown
  en: The Congregationalists in the Savoy Declaration, the Baptists in the Second London Confession all adopted the same phraseology without modification.
  zh: 公理会的《萨沃伊宣言》和浸信会的《伦敦第二信条》都采用了相同的措辞，没有修改。
- start: 147.5
  end: 154.580001831
  speaker: unknown
  en: All of them, and you could just throw in medieval Catholics and church fathers as well, all of them believe that God was without passions.
  zh: 所有这些人，包括中世纪的公教徒和教父，都相信神无感情。
- start: 154.580001831
  end: 167.199996948
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, to say that God was passionate once upon a time would have been a scandalous proposition to any Christian, Orthodox, Roman, Protestants of all stripes.
  zh: 事实上，曾经说神有感情对任何基督徒、东正教徒、罗马公教徒、新教徒来说都是一个丑闻性的命题。
- start: 168.020004272
  end: 178.839996338
  speaker: unknown
  en: And yet nowadays, it's seldom spoken of and what it is normally simply to be rubbished as an arcane and irrelevant doctrine.
  zh: 然而，如今很少提及，通常被视为晦涩且无关紧要的教义。
- start: 179.479995728
  end: 183.100006104
  speaker: unknown
  en: Divine impassibility simply states that God is without passions.
  zh: 神的不受感性简单地说就是神无感情。
- start: 183.100006104
  end: 189.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: He neither undergoes affective change nor feels the actions of creatures upon himself.
  zh: 他既不经历情感变化，也不感受受造物对他的影响。
- start: 189.0
  end: 193.699996948
  speaker: unknown
  en: Thomas Wynandy gives this succinct summary of the doctrine's basic claims.
  zh: 托马斯·温南迪对这一教义的基本主张作了简洁的总结。
- start: 193.699996948
  end: 210.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says, Impassibility is that divine attribute whereby God is said not to experience inner emotional changes of state, whether enacted freely from within or effected by his relationship to and interaction with human beings and the created order.
  zh: 他说，不受感性是指神的一个属性，即神不经历内在情感状态的变化，无论是由内在自由产生的，还是由他与人类和受造物的关系和互动引起的。
- start: 210.380004883
  end: 216.080001831
  speaker: unknown
  en: To put it in the words of Isaiah 40, Our God sits enthroned above the circle of the earth.
  zh: 用《以赛亚书》第四十章的话来说，我们的神坐在地球的圆圈之上。
- start: 216.339996338
  end: 223.059997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: He is not here with us in the give and take and in the fray, in the uncertainty and the tumult of this world.
  zh: 他不在我们中间参与纷争，不在这世上的不确定和喧嚣中。
- start: 223.059997559
  end: 225.419998169
  speaker: unknown
  en: He is untouched by these things.
  zh: 他不受这些事物的影响。
- start: 225.419998169
  end: 229.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: And I should say even further, unmoved by these things.
  zh: 我还要进一步说，他不为这些事物所动。
- start: 229.63999939
  end: 233.059997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: I do not mean that he doesn't care about these things.
  zh: 我并不是说他不关心这些事物。
- start: 233.059997559
  end: 235.399993896
  speaker: unknown
  en: We'll make that distinction in a few moments.
  zh: 我们稍后会做出这个区分。
- start: 235.399993896
  end: 241.160003662
  speaker: unknown
  en: The notion of a passionless God undoubtedly will strike many contemporary Christians as absurd and maybe even repugnant.
  zh: 神无感情的观念无疑会让许多当代基督徒觉得荒谬，甚至反感。
- start: 241.160003662
  end: 244.119995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: It sounds to us as if God doesn't care.
  zh: 听起来好像神不在乎。
- start: 244.119995117
  end: 247.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: If he's not passionate about, he can't care about.
  zh: 如果他没有感情，他就不能关心。
- start: 247.779998779
  end: 255.320007324
  speaker: unknown
  en: But therein lies, I think, an intellectual mistake with regard to the meaning of care and intentionality and passion.
  zh: 但我认为，这里存在一个关于关心、意图和感情含义的智识错误。
- start: 255.320007324
  end: 257.179992676
  speaker: unknown
  en: They are not the same thing.
  zh: 它们不是一回事。
- start: 257.260009766
  end: 265.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: All passion is intentional and caring, but not all intention and caring is necessarily passion.
  zh: 所有的感情都是有意图和关心的，但并非所有的意图和关心都是感情。
- start: 266.160003662
  end: 275.100006104
  speaker: unknown
  en: How could God be without passions and yet really love us and have mercy and be jealous and be angry with the wicked every day?
  zh: 神如何能无感情却仍然爱我们、怜悯我们、嫉妒我们，并且天天向恶人发怒呢？
- start: 275.100006104
  end: 283.700012207
  speaker: unknown
  en: As the psalmist says, how could God really love us and how could he be genuinely indignant at sin if he is indeed without passions?
  zh: 正如诗篇所说，如果神确实无感情，他如何能真正爱我们，如何能对罪恶真正愤怒呢？
- start: 284.0
  end: 293.119995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: A significant underlying concern of the classical doctrine of impassibility is to safeguard the fullness and the perfection of God's being.
  zh: 古典不受感性教义的一个重要关切是维护神存在的圆满和完美。
- start: 293.119995117
  end: 297.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: That God is being, not becoming.
  zh: 神是存在的，而不是变成的。
- start: 297.540008545
  end: 303.540008545
  speaker: unknown
  en: That God is infinite actuality, not in process and development toward his end.
  zh: 神是无限的现实，不是在向他的终点发展的过程中。
- start: 303.540008545
  end: 305.079986572
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is the beginning and the end.
  zh: 神是初也是终。
- start: 305.079986572
  end: 308.839996338
  speaker: unknown
  en: He's not on the way to a reality that he is not already.
  zh: 他不是在通向一个他尚未成为的现实的路上。
- start: 309.059997559
  end: 312.299987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's what's underneath of this doctrine.
  zh: 这就是这个教义的根本。
- start: 312.299987793
  end: 317.579986572
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is the absolute creator upon whom all creatures ultimately depend.
  zh: 神是绝对的创造者，所有受造物最终都依赖于他。
- start: 317.579986572
  end: 330.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: And if it turns out that he himself depends upon his creatures or upon any other cause for some aspect of his being, then he would not be the God of all creation, the one by whom, through whom and to whom are all things.
  zh: 如果他自己依赖于受造物或任何其他原因来维持他的某些存在方面，那么他就不是万物的神，不是那位万物都本于他、靠他、归于他的神。
- start: 330.619995117
  end: 336.440002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: A passionate deity is relativized to the extent he is passionate.
  zh: 一个有感情的神在他有感情的程度上是相对的。
- start: 336.760009766
  end: 338.660003662
  speaker: unknown
  en: He is not then most absolute.
  zh: 他就不是最绝对的。
- start: 338.660003662
  end: 347.700012207
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passable being depends for some feature of its being upon whatever arouses it to new states of affection.
  zh: 每一个可感性的存在都依赖于激发它进入新情感状态的事物来维持其存在的某些特征。
- start: 348.619995117
  end: 368.299987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: A minimally adequate defense of God's impassibility then will need to examine in some detail the unique manner of God's being in order to establish the confession that he is the boundless creator of heaven and earth and all that is in them and is in no wise measured or made to be by the creature.
  zh: 对神的不受感性的最低限度的充分辩护需要详细审视神存在的独特方式，以确立他是天地万物的无限创造者，不受受造物的衡量或影响的信仰告白。
- start: 368.880004883
  end: 376.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is not involved with us in a give and take relationship in which he does for us and we return the favor and do for him.
  zh: 神与我们不是一种互惠互利的关系，他为我们做事，我们回报他。
- start: 376.619995117
  end: 377.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's one way.
  zh: 这是单向的。
- start: 377.559997559
  end: 377.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: He does for us.
  zh: 他为我们做事。
- start: 377.559997559
  end: 384.399993896
  speaker: unknown
  en: He does for us, universal giver, universal benefactor, in no wise the beneficiary.
  zh: 他为我们做事，是普遍的给予者，普遍的恩人，绝不是受益者。
- start: 385.040008545
  end: 389.040008545
  speaker: unknown
  en: A benefactor simply means the maker of good.
  zh: 恩人简单来说就是善的创造者。
- start: 389.040008545
  end: 394.540008545
  speaker: unknown
  en: Factor is to make, bene is good, and the benefactor is the maker of good.
  zh: Factor是制造，bene是善，恩人就是善的创造者。
- start: 394.540008545
  end: 400.519989014
  speaker: unknown
  en: The beneficiary is the receiver of good, the one who receives from another.
  zh: 受益者是接受善的人，从他人那里接受的人。
- start: 400.920013428
  end: 406.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is pure beneficence and in no way indebted to his creature.
  zh: 神是纯粹的恩惠，绝不亏欠他的受造物。
- start: 406.559997559
  end: 418.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: In this talk I want then to underscore the importance of impassibility as a necessary entailment of God's auseity, his self-sufficiency, and then also of his simplicity that he is not composed of parts.
  zh: 在这次讲座中，我想强调不受感性的必要性，作为神自有永有、自足性以及单纯性的必然结果，他不是由部分组成的。
- start: 418.739990234
  end: 427.399993896
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is being pure and simple, not becoming in any sense and not beholden to a cause of his being.
  zh: 神是纯粹而单纯的存在，不是在任何意义上变成的，也不依赖于其存在的原因。
- start: 428.279998779
  end: 439.779998779
  speaker: unknown
  en: The true superabundance and limitlessness of divine love and I will say divine opposition to sin can only be maintained by the doctrine of divine impassibility.
  zh: 神爱的真正丰盈和无限，以及我所说的神对罪恶的反对，只有通过神不受感性的教义才能维持。
- start: 439.779998779
  end: 453.220001221
  speaker: unknown
  en: If God loves you passionately and if he hates sin passionately, then he loves you finitely and he hates sin finitely.
  zh: 如果神感情地爱你，感情地恨罪，那么他对你的爱是有限的，对罪的恨也是有限的。
- start: 453.220001221
  end: 464.660003662
  speaker: unknown
  en: Only impassible love and only impassible goodness is unbounded in its opposition to wickedness and unbounded in its love of his creatures.
  zh: 只有不受感性的爱和不受感性的善在反对邪恶和爱他的受造物上是无限的。
- start: 465.040008545
  end: 473.459991455
  speaker: unknown
  en: This sheer unboundedness of God's love and justice requires a foundation of passionlessness.
  zh: 神的爱和公义的这种纯粹无限性需要一个无感情的基础。
- start: 476.239990234
  end: 483.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: That being said, we need to spend a little bit of time on language because this still may sound wrong in your ears.
  zh: 话虽如此，我们需要花点时间在语言上，因为这在你们耳中可能仍然听起来不对。
- start: 483.559997559
  end: 490.119995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: Why can't we just say that he is unboundedly passionate and then we can say everything at once.
  zh: 为什么我们不能直接说他是无限感情的，这样我们就可以一口气说完所有的事情。
- start: 490.119995117
  end: 504.100006104
  speaker: unknown
  en: In order to better appreciate then what impassibility denies about God we need to get a basic understanding of what passion means and why certain affective states that humans experience love, joy, compassion, fear, anger, why these are called passions.
  zh: 为了更好地理解不受感性对神的否定，我们需要对感情的含义有一个基本的理解，以及为什么人类经历的某些情感状态如爱、喜悦、怜悯、恐惧、愤怒被称为感情。
- start: 504.160003662
  end: 507.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: Here we do need to do a little work in our lexicon so we'll begin with this.
  zh: 在这里，我们确实需要在词汇上做一些工作，所以我们从这里开始。
- start: 507.559997559
  end: 515.059997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: The word passion is derived from the Latin term passio or from the Latin term pati.
  zh: 感情这个词源自拉丁词passio或拉丁词pati。
- start: 515.059997559
  end: 519.039978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: The little root P-A-S or P-A-T is the key.
  zh: P-A-S或P-A-T这个小词根是关键。
- start: 519.039978027
  end: 525.539978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: That actually is derived from the Greek terms pathos or pasco.
  zh: 实际上，这源自希腊词pathos或pasco。
- start: 525.900024414
  end: 528.479980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: These are the Greek terms that are used.
  zh: 这些是使用的希腊词。
- start: 529.280029297
  end: 539.039978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: The term itself, passio, means to suffer, to submit, to undergo, to experience or to endure.
  zh: 这个词本身，passio，意思是受苦、屈服、经历、体验或忍受。
- start: 539.41998291
  end: 543.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: Most basically it means to receive something that comes upon you.
  zh: 最基本的意思是接受临到你的东西。
- start: 543.719970703
  end: 547.059997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: To stand on the receiving end of a relationship.
  zh: 站在关系的接受端。
- start: 547.059997559
  end: 551.260009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: The word patient actually has the same term.
  zh: 病人这个词实际上有相同的词根。
- start: 551.340026855
  end: 553.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: It has the root pati in it.
  zh: 它里面有pati这个词根。
- start: 553.239990234
  end: 558.08001709
  speaker: unknown
  en: The patient is the entity who undergoes.
  zh: 病人是经历的人。
- start: 558.08001709
  end: 569.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: So you go to the doctor's office and you sign in on the patient's register and you might ask the question, why when you go to see your physician are you the patient?
  zh: 所以你去医生办公室，在病人登记簿上签名，你可能会问，为什么你去看医生时你是病人？
- start: 571.08001709
  end: 576.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: Some say because you have to wait for a long time and have a lot of patience before you get called.
  zh: 有些人说，因为你要等很长时间，需要很多耐心才能被叫到。
- start: 576.0
  end: 577.799987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: Actually that's also related.
  zh: 实际上，这也是相关的。
- start: 578.599975586
  end: 581.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: Patience is the suffering of the passage of time.
  zh: 耐心，patience，是时间流逝的痛苦。
- start: 581.619995117
  end: 582.900024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: What comes upon you?
  zh: 什么临到你？
- start: 582.900024414
  end: 584.840026855
  speaker: unknown
  en: A duration of time comes upon you.
  zh: 一段时间临到你。
- start: 584.840026855
  end: 586.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Ergo, patience.
  zh: 因此，patience。
- start: 586.820007324
  end: 589.039978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: And then you are the patient, the patient.
  zh: 于是你就是病人，受动者。
- start: 589.039978027
  end: 590.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's a name we give you.
  zh: 这是我们给你的名字。
- start: 590.219970703
  end: 591.41998291
  speaker: unknown
  en: Why are you the patient?
  zh: 为什么你是受动者？
- start: 591.41998291
  end: 596.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: Because you are there to receive operation.
  zh: 因为你在那里接受治疗。
- start: 596.700012207
  end: 598.679992676
  speaker: unknown
  en: The agent is the doer.
  zh: 施动者是行动者。
- start: 598.679992676
  end: 601.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: The agent is the actor who operates.
  zh: 施动者是进行操作的行动者。
- start: 601.140014648
  end: 604.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: The patient is the receiver of the operation.
  zh: 病人是操作的接受者。
- start: 605.08001709
  end: 610.539978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: Patie, patio, passion, that which is received from another.
  zh: Patie，patio，passion，都是从他人那里接受的东西。
- start: 610.539978027
  end: 626.58001709
  speaker: unknown
  en: I've always thought you could make the case at your doctor's office that if you went to the doctor's office and you received later a patient's bill and yet the doctor didn't actually do anything to you, you could make the case that you weren't literally a patient because a patient is a receiver of operatio.
  zh: 我一直认为，你可以在医生办公室提出，如果你去了医生办公室，后来收到了病人的账单，而医生实际上没有对你做任何事情，你可以说你实际上不是病人，因为病人是操作的接受者。
- start: 626.58001709
  end: 628.58001709
  speaker: unknown
  en: And you didn't receive any.
  zh: 而你没有接受任何操作。
- start: 628.58001709
  end: 639.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: There used to be a billboard that I drove by on the way to work for a health care company that said, we treat people, and then the tagline underneath it said, not patients.
  zh: 以前我上班路上经过一个医疗公司的广告牌，上面写着「我们治疗人」，下面的标语是「不是病人」。
- start: 641.460021973
  end: 643.799987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: Allow me a little eggheadedness for a moment.
  zh: 请允许我稍微迂腐一下。
- start: 643.799987793
  end: 646.460021973
  speaker: unknown
  en: That is literally impossible.
  zh: 那是完全不可能的。
- start: 648.700012207
  end: 654.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: To be treated is literally to be patient to.
  zh: 被治疗实际上就是成为受动者。
- start: 655.059997559
  end: 656.539978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's what patient means.
  zh: 这就是病人的意思。
- start: 656.539978027
  end: 662.700012207
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, if you wanted to be really abstruse about this, you could say, this is a billboard saying we don't do anything to you.
  zh: 事实上，如果你想要非常深奥地解释，你可以说，这是一个广告牌在说我们对你什么都不做。
- start: 662.700012207
  end: 666.479980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: I know, they were going for the human touch.
  zh: 我知道，他们是想表达一种人性化的关怀。
- start: 666.479980469
  end: 668.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: You're not just a body to operate on.
  zh: 你不仅仅是一个需要操作的身体。
- start: 668.739990234
  end: 671.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: You're a person, and I'm sure they were a wonderful health care company.
  zh: 你是一个人，我相信他们是一家很好的医疗公司。
- start: 671.979980469
  end: 676.859985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: But the language got a little crazy on the billboard.
  zh: 但广告牌上的语言有点疯狂。
- start: 677.320007324
  end: 684.08001709
  speaker: unknown
  en: To be treated, to be the receiver of an action, is what patients means, and it's also what passion means.
  zh: 被治疗，成为一个行动的接受者，就是病人的意思，这也是感情的意思。
- start: 684.179992676
  end: 689.700012207
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passion is that which is received by a patient due to the operation of an agent.
  zh: 感情是受动者因施动者的操作而接受的东西。
- start: 689.700012207
  end: 694.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passion is a caused and produced state of being.
  zh: 每一种感情都是被引起和产生的存在状态。
- start: 695.340026855
  end: 698.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passion is finite.
  zh: 每一种感情都是有限的。
- start: 698.760009766
  end: 699.799987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: It is temporal.
  zh: 它是暂时的。
- start: 699.799987793
  end: 703.340026855
  speaker: unknown
  en: It is made to be, and it is mutable.
  zh: 它是被制造出来的，是可变的。
- start: 703.940002441
  end: 705.039978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: You know this.
  zh: 你知道这一点。
- start: 705.179992676
  end: 706.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Your passions come and go.
  zh: 你的感情来来去去。
- start: 707.140014648
  end: 708.039978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: Sometimes you're angry.
  zh: 有时你会生气。
- start: 708.039978027
  end: 709.299987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: Sometimes you're not.
  zh: 有时你不会。
- start: 709.739990234
  end: 712.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: Sometimes you're having those feelings of romantic love.
  zh: 有时你会有浪漫的爱情感觉。
- start: 712.559997559
  end: 714.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: Sometimes that subsides.
  zh: 有时这种感觉会消退。
- start: 714.359985352
  end: 715.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: You fall in love.
  zh: 你坠入爱河。
- start: 715.239990234
  end: 716.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: You fall out of love.
  zh: 你失去爱意。
- start: 716.359985352
  end: 717.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: You get angry.
  zh: 你会生气。
- start: 717.140014648
  end: 718.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: You don't get angry.
  zh: 你不会生气。
- start: 718.619995117
  end: 726.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Your passions ebb and they flow, and you know thereby that they are temporal, that they are finite, and that they are mutable.
  zh: 你的感情起伏不定，因此你知道它们是暂时的，是有限的，是可变的。
- start: 726.020019531
  end: 727.159973145
  speaker: unknown
  en: That doesn't mean that they're evil.
  zh: 这并不意味着它们是邪恶的。
- start: 727.159973145
  end: 728.599975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: It just means that they're creaturely.
  zh: 这只是意味着它们是受造物的。
- start: 728.599975586
  end: 731.539978027
  speaker: unknown
  en: They may be evil, but not necessarily.
  zh: 它们可能是邪恶的，但不一定。
- start: 731.539978027
  end: 733.559997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: They're just creaturely.
  zh: 它们只是受造物的。
- start: 734.440002441
  end: 738.08001709
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passion is a received state of actuality.
  zh: 感情是一种接受到的现实状态。
- start: 738.239990234
  end: 745.280029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passion produces a change in the subject as the consequent of some agent's action upon it.
  zh: 每一种感情都会因某个施动者的行动而在主体中产生变化。
- start: 745.280029297
  end: 753.099975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: George Cloubertin says, Passion is the change received from an agent considered as taking place in the patient.
  zh: 乔治·克鲁贝尔丁说，感情是受动者因施动者的行动而接受的变化。
- start: 753.400024414
  end: 760.099975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passion is that which is produced in you by the operation of some agent upon you.
  zh: 感情是某个施动者对你进行操作而在你身上产生的东西。
- start: 760.099975586
  end: 763.179992676
  speaker: unknown
  en: It is a made-to-be thing.
  zh: 它是被制造出来的东西。
- start: 763.179992676
  end: 771.41998291
  speaker: unknown
  en: Thomas Aquinas says that passion is the effect, that is the thing produced, of the agent on the patient.
  zh: 托马斯·阿奎那说，感情是施动者在受动者身上产生的效果，即产生的东西。
- start: 771.840026855
  end: 777.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passion is a caused state of being into which one is moved by the activity of an agent.
  zh: 每一种感情都是由施动者的活动引起的存在状态。
- start: 778.280029297
  end: 785.900024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: Moreover, every passion requires a principle of receptivity by which new actuality is received.
  zh: 此外，每一种感情都需要一个接受的原则，通过它接受新的现实。
- start: 785.900024414
  end: 787.479980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Stay with me for a moment.
  zh: 请稍等片刻。
- start: 787.679992676
  end: 794.08001709
  speaker: unknown
  en: You have to be able to be moved in order to be passionate.
  zh: 你必须能够被感动，才能有感情。
- start: 794.08001709
  end: 796.320007324
  speaker: unknown
  en: You have to have the capacity for it.
  zh: 你必须有这种能力。
- start: 796.380004883
  end: 800.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: It requires that something be able to be actualized in you.
  zh: 这需要某些东西能够在你身上实现。
- start: 800.659973145
  end: 806.320007324
  speaker: unknown
  en: Right now, I could be potentially angry at you, but I'm not actually angry at you right now.
  zh: 现在，我可能会对你生气，但我现在实际上并不生气。
- start: 806.320007324
  end: 825.299987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: But if you caught me in the hallway afterward and kicked me in the shins, you could act upon me so as to produce passions in me, the feeling of pain in my shin and the emotion of anger in my heart, or disbelief, or incredulity, or disappointment in you, or all sorts of emotions.
  zh: 但如果你在走廊里抓住我，踢我的小腿，你可以对我施加影响，从而在我身上产生感情，小腿的疼痛感和心中的愤怒情绪，或者不信，或者难以置信，或者对你的失望，或者各种情绪。
- start: 825.299987793
  end: 828.440002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: You could produce in me by acting upon me.
  zh: 你可以通过对我施加影响在我身上产生这些情绪。
- start: 829.119995117
  end: 832.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: Metaphysically speaking, a passion is an accident.
  zh: 从形而上学的角度来说，感情是一种偶然性。
- start: 832.619995117
  end: 834.200012207
  speaker: unknown
  en: By an accident, we don't mean a mistake.
  zh: 说到偶然性，我们不是指错误。
- start: 834.200012207
  end: 837.460021973
  speaker: unknown
  en: We mean that which befalls a thing.
  zh: 我们指的是降临在某物上的东西。
- start: 837.559997559
  end: 839.159973145
  speaker: unknown
  en: Ad cadere is where we get accident.
  zh: Ad cadere是我们得到偶然性的地方。
- start: 839.159973145
  end: 841.440002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's something that comes upon a thing.
  zh: 它是降临在某物上的东西。
- start: 841.880004883
  end: 843.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: My being 5'8 is an accident.
  zh: 我身高5英尺8英寸是一种偶然性。
- start: 843.719970703
  end: 844.91998291
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's not a mistake.
  zh: 这不是一个错误。
- start: 844.91998291
  end: 850.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's a state of being I have in addition to being this human substance that I am.
  zh: 这是我作为人类实体之外的存在状态。
- start: 850.619995117
  end: 852.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's a state of being that comes upon me.
  zh: 这是降临在我身上的一种存在状态。
- start: 852.979980469
  end: 854.460021973
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's what an accident is.
  zh: 这就是偶然性的意思。
- start: 854.460021973
  end: 856.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passion is an...
  zh: 每一种感情都是一种……
- start: 856.239990234
  end: 860.299987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: By the way, you have to be composed of parts to have passions if passions are accidents.
  zh: 顺便说一下，如果感情是偶然性的，你必须由部分组成才能有感情。
- start: 860.299987793
  end: 867.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Every passion is an accident that adheres in a substance and modifies the being of that substance in some way.
  zh: 每一种感情都是附着在某种实体上的偶然性，并以某种方式改变该实体的存在。
- start: 867.760009766
  end: 873.400024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: I can become excited, even if I'm not excited at the moment.
  zh: 我可以变得兴奋，即使我现在不兴奋。
- start: 873.400024414
  end: 876.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: I can become fearful, even if I'm not fearful at the moment.
  zh: 我可以变得害怕，即使我现在不害怕。
- start: 876.520019531
  end: 885.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: These are states of being that aren't actually in me right now into which I can move, change, mutation, development, process.
  zh: 这些是现在实际上不在我身上的存在状态，我可以进入这些状态，改变、变异、发展、过程。
- start: 885.520019531
  end: 888.179992676
  speaker: unknown
  en: All of that requires that I be finite.
  zh: 所有这些都要求我有限。
- start: 888.179992676
  end: 896.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: If I were not finite, I couldn't move into new states of actuality because I'd already be in every state of actuality.
  zh: 如果我不是有限的，我就不能进入新的现实状态，因为我已经处于每一种现实状态中。
- start: 896.619995117
  end: 899.460021973
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passion requires finitude.
  zh: 感情需要有限性。
- start: 899.58001709
  end: 907.960021973
  speaker: unknown
  en: If passion is an acquired state of being that produces a change in me, only a finite entity could ever be subject to passions.
  zh: 如果感情是一种引起我变化的获得的存在状态，那么只有有限的实体才能受到感情的影响。
- start: 908.41998291
  end: 910.440002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passions can be either good or bad.
  zh: 感情可以是好的，也可以是坏的。
- start: 910.440002441
  end: 914.840026855
  speaker: unknown
  en: Others can act upon us in ways that produce joy or sadness, pleasure or pain.
  zh: 他人可以以某种方式对我们施加影响，产生快乐或悲伤、愉悦或痛苦。
- start: 915.400024414
  end: 921.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: Even the term suffering does not necessarily indicate that you are suffering pain.
  zh: 即使是“受苦”这个词也不一定表示你在承受痛苦。
- start: 921.5
  end: 928.179992676
  speaker: unknown
  en: Suffering comes from the Latin compound sub fare, which means to stand below a thing.
  zh: 受苦源自拉丁语复合词sub fare，意思是站在某物之下。
- start: 928.299987793
  end: 931.200012207
  speaker: unknown
  en: We can suffer that which comes upon us.
  zh: 我们可以承受降临在我们身上的东西。
- start: 931.200012207
  end: 939.159973145
  speaker: unknown
  en: Someone may strike you so as to produce pain in you and you suffer the passion, a painful passion in that case.
  zh: 有人可能会打你，使你感到痛苦，你就会承受这种感情，在这种情况下是一种痛苦的感情。
- start: 939.159973145
  end: 941.940002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: But you can also suffer good.
  zh: 但你也可以承受好的东西。
- start: 941.940002441
  end: 946.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: You can stand beneath good that befalls you.
  zh: 你可以站在降临在你身上的好的东西之下。
- start: 946.539978027
  end: 952.059997559
  speaker: unknown
  en: We use this kind of language even to speak of pleasant passions and we use a violent language to describe it.
  zh: 我们甚至用这种语言来描述愉快的感情，并用暴力的语言来形容它。
- start: 952.059997559
  end: 955.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: We talk about falling in love.
  zh: 我们谈论坠入爱河。
- start: 956.0
  end: 963.41998291
  speaker: unknown
  en: We talk about someone who is having those romantic feelings as being smitten.
  zh: 我们谈论那些有浪漫感觉的人被迷住了。
- start: 964.0
  end: 968.940002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, we even might say that someone has a crush.
  zh: 事实上，我们甚至可能说某人有暗恋。
- start: 970.599975586
  end: 974.320007324
  speaker: unknown
  en: And yet I take it that all of these are desirable states of being.
  zh: 然而，我认为所有这些都是令人向往的存在状态。
- start: 974.320007324
  end: 975.640014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: All of these are pleasurable.
  zh: 所有这些都是愉快的。
- start: 976.099975586
  end: 982.41998291
  speaker: unknown
  en: Most mornings I wake up and I think to myself, James, avoid being smitten.
  zh: 大多数早晨我醒来时，我对自己说，詹姆斯，避免被迷住。
- start: 983.0
  end: 984.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Avoid being crushed.
  zh: 避免被压垮。
- start: 984.020019531
  end: 986.099975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: And don't fall.
  zh: 不要坠落。
- start: 986.099975586
  end: 992.859985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: But if it's love, if it's love, bring it on.
  zh: 但如果是爱，如果是爱，那就来吧。
- start: 992.859985352
  end: 993.799987793
  speaker: unknown
  en: You know what I'm after?
  zh: 你知道我在追求什么吗？
- start: 993.799987793
  end: 998.320007324
  speaker: unknown
  en: I suffer pleasure.
  zh: 我承受快乐。
- start: 998.460021973
  end: 999.940002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: Or I suffer pain.
  zh: 或者我承受痛苦。
- start: 999.940002441
  end: 1001.320007324
  speaker: unknown
  en: But here's the thing with suffering.
  zh: 但受苦的问题在于。
- start: 1001.320007324
  end: 1010.440002441
  speaker: unknown
  en: The reason God cannot suffer is that God cannot have states of being produced in Him by causes operating upon Him.
  zh: 神不能受苦的原因是神不能有由外部原因在他身上产生的存在状态。
- start: 1010.440002441
  end: 1015.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is not the consequent of creaturely operations upon Him.
  zh: 神不是受造物对他施加影响的结果。
- start: 1015.739990234
  end: 1019.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: We do not produce His indignation to sin.
  zh: 我们不会引起他对罪的愤怒。
- start: 1019.020019531
  end: 1023.41998291
  speaker: unknown
  en: It is His nature, infinitely and unboundedly, simply to be opposed to sin.
  zh: 他本性上，无限地、无边地，反对罪恶。
- start: 1023.440002441
  end: 1025.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: We do not produce His love for us.
  zh: 我们不会引起他对我们的爱。
- start: 1025.540039062
  end: 1029.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's just His nature to be an abounding fountain of love.
  zh: 他本性上就是一座充满爱的泉源。
- start: 1029.760009766
  end: 1034.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is love, and God is righteousness, and God is justice.
  zh: 神就是爱，神就是公义，神就是正义。
- start: 1034.020019531
  end: 1039.16003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: These aren't states of being or feeling that we produce in Him by our causal operation.
  zh: 这些不是我们通过因果操作在他身上产生的存在状态或感觉。
- start: 1039.16003418
  end: 1041.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is just who God is.
  zh: 这就是神的本质。
- start: 1041.119995117
  end: 1050.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now God will variously manifest His love over time and space to different persons relative to their moral and spiritual condition.
  zh: 现在，神会根据不同人的道德和属灵状况，在时间和空间上以不同方式显现他的爱。
- start: 1050.859985352
  end: 1054.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: But God's opposition to sin doesn't rise and fall.
  zh: 但神对罪的反对不会起伏。
- start: 1054.079956055
  end: 1057.560058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: The demonstration of His opposition to sin rises and falls.
  zh: 他对罪的反对的表现会起伏。
- start: 1057.560058594
  end: 1064.280029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: He has removed the demonstration of His opposition to sin from you because of Christ Jesus, but He's not less opposed to sin.
  zh: 因着基督耶稣，他移除了对你罪的反对的表现，但他对罪的反对并没有减少。
- start: 1065.040039062
  end: 1071.579956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: He has shown you love that He didn't show you before, but He didn't become more loving when He gave His love to you.
  zh: 他向你显现了他以前没有显现的爱，但当他给你他的爱时，他并没有变得更有爱心。
- start: 1071.579956055
  end: 1077.420043945
  speaker: unknown
  en: He simply distributed His love, but He didn't get more love.
  zh: 他只是分配了他的爱，但他没有得到更多的爱。
- start: 1078.599975586
  end: 1079.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: Good or bad.
  zh: 好与坏。
- start: 1079.979980469
  end: 1085.199951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: We can speak about my love for my wife, which is a passionate love, and this is why it's a passionate love.
  zh: 我们可以谈论我对妻子的爱，这是一种感情的爱，这就是为什么它是一种感情的爱。
- start: 1085.199951172
  end: 1091.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: Not simply because of its intensity, which being imperfect as I am, rises and falls.
  zh: 不仅仅是因为它的强度，因为我不完美，它会起伏。
- start: 1091.939941406
  end: 1098.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: But the reason it's passionate is because I was moved to love her.
  zh: 但它之所以有感情，是因为我被感动去爱她。
- start: 1098.16003418
  end: 1100.319946289
  speaker: unknown
  en: And you could ask, well, what moved you to love her?
  zh: 你可能会问，是什么感动你去爱她的？
- start: 1100.319946289
  end: 1102.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, it was her loveliness.
  zh: 事实上，是她的可爱。
- start: 1102.780029297
  end: 1104.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: It wasn't necessarily that she was intending it.
  zh: 她并不一定是有意的。
- start: 1104.439941406
  end: 1108.180053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: She wasn't trying to move me to be attracted to her.
  zh: 她并没有试图让我被她吸引。
- start: 1108.180053711
  end: 1114.800048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: There was just an attractiveness, a loveliness, a goodness in her that stirred my heart.
  zh: 她身上有一种吸引力、可爱、善良，激动了我的心。
- start: 1114.800048828
  end: 1120.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: And as a young man or young woman, sometimes it gives you that funny, it has physiological effects as well.
  zh: 作为一个年轻人，有时它会给你一种奇怪的感觉，也有生理上的影响。
- start: 1120.540039062
  end: 1123.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: It gives you a funny feeling in your upper abdomen and it consumes your thoughts.
  zh: 它会让你的上腹部有一种奇怪的感觉，并占据你的思想。
- start: 1123.760009766
  end: 1127.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: You are moved by this loveliness.
  zh: 你被这种可爱所感动。
- start: 1127.359985352
  end: 1135.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: The reason my love for my wife is passionate is not because it's love, and it's not even because it's intense.
  zh: 我对妻子的爱之所以充满感情，不是因为它是爱，也不是因为它强烈。
- start: 1135.619995117
  end: 1138.599975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's passion because it's moved.
  zh: 它是感情，因为它被感动。
- start: 1139.020019531
  end: 1141.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's passion because it's produced.
  zh: 它是感情，因为它被产生。
- start: 1141.219970703
  end: 1149.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's passion because it's a state of feeling that I enter into by undergoing the operation of her loveliness upon me.
  zh: 它是感情，因为这是我通过她的可爱对我施加影响而进入的一种感觉状态。
- start: 1149.439941406
  end: 1154.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: I am moved to love my wife by the goodness and loveliness of my wife.
  zh: 我被妻子的善良和可爱感动去爱她。
- start: 1154.119995117
  end: 1155.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's why it's passion.
  zh: 这就是为什么它是感情。
- start: 1155.920043945
  end: 1165.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passions are only so called because of their manner of coming upon the subject through a process of undergoing and of a reception of new actuality.
  zh: 感情之所以被称为感情，是因为它们通过经历和接受新的现实状态的过程降临在主体身上。
- start: 1165.140014648
  end: 1174.180053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: But if God doesn't need to undergo some change or receive some new determination of being to love, then he can love, but it wouldn't be passion in that case.
  zh: 但如果神不需要经历某种变化或接受某种新的存在决定来爱，那么他可以爱，但在那种情况下，这不是感情。
- start: 1174.180053711
  end: 1175.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: It would be intense.
  zh: 它会是强烈的。
- start: 1175.439941406
  end: 1179.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: It would be real, but it wouldn't be, strictly speaking, a passion.
  zh: 它会是真实的，但严格来说，这不是感情。
- start: 1179.439941406
  end: 1194.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: If one were to possess the virtues of love, joy, mercy, jealousy, and the like without having undergone an intrinsic, effective change produced by the action of a causal agent, then those virtues would become passions in that case.
  zh: 如果一个人拥有爱、喜悦、怜悯、嫉妒等美德，而没有经历因果施动者的行动所产生的内在有效变化，那么这些美德在那种情况下就会成为感情。
- start: 1194.219970703
  end: 1200.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: And this is why we're saying that God's love and God's holy opposition to sin are intense.
  zh: 这就是为什么我们说神的爱和神对罪的圣洁反对是强烈的。
- start: 1200.359985352
  end: 1203.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: They are real, but they are not passionate.
  zh: 它们是真实的，但不是感情的。
- start: 1203.319946289
  end: 1208.260009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Otherwise they would be produced, caused states of being.
  zh: 否则它们将是被产生的存在状态。
- start: 1208.540039062
  end: 1210.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: Let's return to this once more.
  zh: 让我们再回到这一点。
- start: 1210.140014648
  end: 1213.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: There is nothing caused to be in God.
  zh: 在神里面没有什么是被产生的。
- start: 1213.579956055
  end: 1217.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Caused to be is what characterizes everything not God.
  zh: 被产生是所有非神之物的特征。
- start: 1218.280029297
  end: 1222.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: Maker of all and self-sufficient unto himself, that's who God is.
  zh: 万物的创造者，自给自足，这就是神。
- start: 1222.380004883
  end: 1225.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is not made to be, ergo, not passionate.
  zh: 神不是被创造的，因此，不是感情的。
- start: 1225.619995117
  end: 1232.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: But this does not mean, just because they're not passionate, that these virtues would be deprived of intensity, vitality, or dynamism.
  zh: 但这并不意味着，仅仅因为它们不是感情的，这些美德就会失去强度、活力或动力。
- start: 1232.380004883
  end: 1242.33996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: To speak of passionless, this will sound strange to your ears, but I think it's somebody paraphrasing C.S. Lewis, says, it would be strange if God were not strange.
  zh: 谈到无感情，这听起来会很奇怪，但我认为这是有人在转述C.S.路易斯的话，他说，如果神不奇怪，那才是奇怪的。
- start: 1242.359985352
  end: 1245.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: It would be strange.
  zh: 那才是奇怪的。
- start: 1245.880004883
  end: 1248.199951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: Try to put the shoe on the other foot.
  zh: 试着换位思考一下。
- start: 1248.359985352
  end: 1256.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: If God were, if God turned out to be, you know, just like a bigger version of everything else, that would be the strange thing.
  zh: 如果神是，如果神原来只是其他一切事物的更大版本，那才是奇怪的事情。
- start: 1256.520019531
  end: 1263.099975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: It would be strange if he were not strange, if he were just a big version of what's common to us as creatures.
  zh: 如果他不奇怪，如果他只是我们作为受造物所共有的东西的一个大版本，那才是奇怪的。
- start: 1263.099975586
  end: 1277.859985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: To speak then of passionless love, joy, mercy, or jealousy means only that these states did not come upon God through a process of reception by which something actualized these new states in the divine being.
  zh: 因此，谈到无感情的爱、喜悦、怜悯或嫉妒，只意味着这些状态不是通过某种接收过程降临在神身上，从而在神的存在中实现这些新状态。
- start: 1278.579956055
  end: 1287.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: One person could be passionless, I suppose, because of a lack of love, joy, mercy, and jealousy, a kind of listless indifference and uncaring, we might say.
  zh: 我想，一个人可能会因为缺乏爱、喜悦、怜悯和嫉妒而无感情，我们可以说是一种无精打采的冷漠和不关心。
- start: 1287.939941406
  end: 1300.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: But another, in the case of the divine being, could be passionate because although he is intensely, dynamically loving, joyful, merciful, or jealous, these states are not the effect of someone's action upon him.
  zh: 但在神的情况下，另一个人可能会有感情，因为尽管他强烈地、动态地爱、喜悦、怜悯或嫉妒，这些状态不是某人对他施加影响的结果。
- start: 1300.040039062
  end: 1311.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, I'll argue in a few moments that only virtues that are not instances of passion can be genuinely unbounded, unchanging, and free in the ultimate sense.
  zh: 事实上，我稍后会论证，只有那些不是感情实例的美德才能在终极意义上真正无限、不变和自由。
- start: 1311.239990234
  end: 1313.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: Just quickly to that point about freedom.
  zh: 快速谈一下关于自由的观点。
- start: 1313.380004883
  end: 1318.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: My love for my wife is in one respect not free.
  zh: 我对妻子的爱在某种程度上不是自由的。
- start: 1318.0
  end: 1328.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: And what I mean by that is I didn't choose to be moved by her loveliness, I just was.
  zh: 我的意思是，我没有选择被她的可爱所感动，我只是被感动了。
- start: 1328.900024414
  end: 1330.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: Her goodness compelled me.
  zh: 她的善良迫使我。
- start: 1330.140014648
  end: 1333.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: We might say, I couldn't help myself.
  zh: 我们可能会说，我无法控制自己。
- start: 1334.260009766
  end: 1336.420043945
  speaker: unknown
  en: I couldn't help myself.
  zh: 我无法控制自己。
- start: 1337.239990234
  end: 1345.420043945
  speaker: unknown
  en: It should be free in the sense of generous and open and free in that sense, but in one sense it's not free.
  zh: 它应该是慷慨、开放和自由的，但在某种意义上它不是自由的。
- start: 1345.420043945
  end: 1346.66003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: I was moved.
  zh: 我被感动了。
- start: 1346.66003418
  end: 1348.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: I was constrained.
  zh: 我被约束了。
- start: 1348.300048828
  end: 1353.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: I was laid hold of by her loveliness and moved by it.
  zh: 我被她的可爱抓住并被感动。
- start: 1354.280029297
  end: 1362.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: When I say that I love my wife, it's not much of a compliment to say because of a pure act of beneficence on my part placing my love upon you.
  zh: 当我说我爱我的妻子时，说这是因为我出于纯粹的仁慈把我的爱放在你身上，这并不是很大的赞美。
- start: 1362.739990234
  end: 1363.83996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: I love you.
  zh: 我爱你。
- start: 1363.83996582
  end: 1367.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: That won't fly.
  zh: 这行不通。
- start: 1370.020019531
  end: 1373.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: And yet with God, that is in fact how it is.
  zh: 然而对于神，事实就是如此。
- start: 1373.5
  end: 1376.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: He loves us, but it's not because he looked down and said, oh you're just so wonderful.
  zh: 他爱我们，但不是因为他俯视我们说，哦，你真是太棒了。
- start: 1376.680053711
  end: 1377.599975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: I can't help myself.
  zh: 我无法控制自己。
- start: 1377.599975586
  end: 1379.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: I just have to love you.
  zh: 我只能爱你。
- start: 1379.060058594
  end: 1381.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: Rather his love is pure beneficence.
  zh: 相反，他的爱是纯粹的仁慈。
- start: 1381.380004883
  end: 1385.66003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: He loves us purely because he chose to do so.
  zh: 他爱我们纯粹是因为他选择了这样做。
- start: 1385.979980469
  end: 1389.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: Not because he was moved by our loveliness.
  zh: 不是因为他被我们的可爱所感动。
- start: 1390.739990234
  end: 1392.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: God's love is free.
  zh: 神的爱是自由的。
- start: 1393.119995117
  end: 1399.579956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: Let's look then briefly at Acts 15 and then I want to look in a place in Job briefly for biblical support for the doctrine.
  zh: 让我们简要地看一下《使徒行传》第十五章，然后我想简要地看一下《约伯记》中的一个地方，以寻求对这一教义的圣经支持。
- start: 1399.579956055
  end: 1402.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: I want to sort of tease out how Scripture affirms this.
  zh: 我想梳理一下圣经是如何肯定这一点的。
- start: 1402.380004883
  end: 1423.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: About 20 years ago in seminary I wrote a term paper on divine impassibility in which I took the opposite position that I'm presenting to you today and there wasn't a conference like this to tell me that I was wrong about it but I went along thinking that I had that right and then over time I began to rethink that whether I had in fact.
  zh: 大约二十年前，在神学院时，我写了一篇关于神不受感性的学期论文，当时我持有与今天向你们展示的相反的立场，没有这样的会议告诉我我错了，但我一直认为我是对的，后来随着时间的推移，我开始重新思考我是否真的对。
- start: 1423.939941406
  end: 1425.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: I looked at the confessions.
  zh: 我查看了信条。
- start: 1425.439941406
  end: 1432.400024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: The confessions when they added the proof text put Acts 14-15 as the proof text that God is without passions.
  zh: 信条在添加证明经文时，将《使徒行传》十四至十五章作为神无感情的证明经文。
- start: 1432.479980469
  end: 1446.16003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: And so you open up Acts 14-15 and you read it in the, well there was no ESV then, but there was the New American Standard or the NIV and the way the New American Standard reads it, this is the proof text by the way that God is without passions.
  zh: 于是你打开《使徒行传》十四至十五章阅读，当时没有ESV版本，但有新美标或NIV版本，新美标的读法，这就是神无感情的证明经文。
- start: 1446.880004883
  end: 1448.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: Man, why are you doing these things?
  zh: 诸君，为什么做这些事呢？
- start: 1448.300048828
  end: 1456.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: We are also men of the same nature as you and preach the gospel to you that you should turn from these vain things to a living God who made the heaven, earth, the sea and all that is in them.
  zh: 我们也是人，性情和你们一样，传福音给你们，叫你们离弃这些虚妄的事，归向那创造天地海和其中万物的永生神。
- start: 1456.719970703
  end: 1458.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: End of discussion.
  zh: 讨论结束。
- start: 1458.699951172
  end: 1461.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: I mean obviously God without passions, right?
  zh: 我的意思是，显然神无感情，对吧？
- start: 1463.300048828
  end: 1465.33996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: It was not obvious to me.
  zh: 对我来说并不明显。
- start: 1465.33996582
  end: 1466.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: I thought there must have been a mistake.
  zh: 我以为一定是弄错了。
- start: 1466.939941406
  end: 1472.479980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: How could this text be a support for this notion of a passionless deity?
  zh: 这段经文怎么能支持神无感情的观念呢？
- start: 1473.920043945
  end: 1481.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Let's listen to it again in the language of, and this time I will go back to the King Jimmy, 1611.
  zh: 让我们再用另一种语言来听一遍，这次我会回到1611年的《钦定本》。
- start: 1481.439941406
  end: 1484.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: Sometimes it is still more literal and the language is beautiful.
  zh: 有时它更加字面化，语言也很美。
- start: 1484.719970703
  end: 1489.599975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: I'm not a King James only, but I do love that translation.
  zh: 我不是只读《钦定本》的人，但我确实喜欢那个翻译。
- start: 1490.900024414
  end: 1493.859985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: Sirs, why do ye these things?
  zh: 诸君，为什么做这些事呢？
- start: 1494.199951172
  end: 1505.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: We are also men of like passions with you and preach to you that you should turn from these vanities unto the living God which made heaven, earth, the sea and all things that are therein.
  zh: 我们也是人，性情和你们一样，传福音给你们，叫你们离弃这些虚妄的事，归向那创造天地海和其中万物的永生神。
- start: 1506.020019531
  end: 1507.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: Like passions.
  zh: 性情和你们一样。
- start: 1507.040039062
  end: 1511.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: The word, by the way, the word nature, which is in most of our translations, is not in the text.
  zh: 顺便说一下，大多数译本中的“性情”这个词在原文中并不存在。
- start: 1511.540039062
  end: 1512.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's the word fucis.
  zh: 那是“fucis”这个词。
- start: 1512.780029297
  end: 1515.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Paul uses that word very competently in other passages.
  zh: 保罗在其他段落中非常熟练地使用了这个词。
- start: 1515.520019531
  end: 1517.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's not the word that he uses here.
  zh: 但他在这里没有使用这个词。
- start: 1517.079956055
  end: 1521.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: The word he uses is the word hamoi apathes.
  zh: 他使用的词是“hamoi apathes”。
- start: 1521.219970703
  end: 1525.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: You can hear that path in there, that P-A-T root.
  zh: 你可以听到其中的“path”，即P-A-T词根。
- start: 1525.699951172
  end: 1527.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: Hamoi means like.
  zh: “Hamoi”意思是“像”。
- start: 1527.300048828
  end: 1528.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Ah is a little conjunction.
  zh: “Ah”是一个小连词。
- start: 1528.939941406
  end: 1531.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: Apathes means subject to passions.
  zh: “Apathes”意思是受感情影响。
- start: 1531.359985352
  end: 1538.959960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think Young's literal translation says, we are men like affected, which is another, I think, very good translation of that term.
  zh: 我认为杨氏直译版说，我们是受影响的人，我认为这是对那个词的另一个非常好的翻译。
- start: 1538.959960938
  end: 1545.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think the 1901 American Standard also says like passions or something like that, which is a literal translation.
  zh: 我认为1901年的《美国标准版》也说“性情和你们一样”或类似的东西，这是一个字面翻译。
- start: 1545.300048828
  end: 1557.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: And what they're saying is, men, we are men like you, subject to, and this is what I think the passions thing means, subject to the actions of others upon us.
  zh: 他们的意思是，诸君，我们和你们一样是人，受他人行为的影响，我认为这就是感情的意思。
- start: 1557.780029297
  end: 1559.420043945
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's what creatures are.
  zh: 这就是受造物的本质。
- start: 1559.420043945
  end: 1561.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: Creatures are receivers of being.
  zh: 受造物是存在的接受者。
- start: 1561.900024414
  end: 1564.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Creatures are dependent entities.
  zh: 受造物是依赖的实体。
- start: 1564.079956055
  end: 1567.900024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: Men, while you're worshiping us, we preach to you that you should turn from these vain things.
  zh: 诸君，当你们崇拜我们时，我们传福音给你们，叫你们离弃这些虚妄的事。
- start: 1567.900024414
  end: 1570.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: I don't think that Paul and Barnabas are saying, oh, you're confused.
  zh: 我不认为保罗和巴拿巴是在说，哦，你们搞错了。
- start: 1570.979980469
  end: 1573.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: We're not the gods of Mount Olympus.
  zh: 我们不是奥林匹斯山的神。
- start: 1574.640014648
  end: 1578.380004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: We're not the Olympians you are looking for.
  zh: 我们不是你们寻找的奥林匹斯神。
- start: 1578.979980469
  end: 1580.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: Don't worship us.
  zh: 不要崇拜我们。
- start: 1580.040039062
  end: 1581.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: We're not Zeus and Hermes.
  zh: 我们不是宙斯和赫尔墨斯。
- start: 1581.060058594
  end: 1582.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: Because here's the whole thing.
  zh: 因为问题的关键在于。
- start: 1582.0
  end: 1589.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: That would leave the impression that it would be okay to worship Zeus and Hermes, it's just not okay to worship, you know, mere mortals.
  zh: 那会给人留下可以崇拜宙斯和赫尔墨斯的印象，只是不能崇拜凡人。
- start: 1589.359985352
  end: 1593.959960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: But of course Paul and Barnabas don't think that they should worship the gods of Mount Olympus.
  zh: 但当然，保罗和巴拿巴不认为他们应该崇拜奥林匹斯山的神。
- start: 1593.959960938
  end: 1595.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: Let's just get to this really quick.
  zh: 让我们快速谈一下这个问题。
- start: 1595.239990234
  end: 1597.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: The gods of Mount Olympus, just briefly.
  zh: 简要谈一下奥林匹斯山的神。
- start: 1598.380004883
  end: 1600.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passionate or impassable?
  zh: 有感情还是无感情？
- start: 1601.479980469
  end: 1604.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: A little bit passionate?
  zh: 有一点感情吗？
- start: 1605.5
  end: 1610.180053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: It is, there's a lot of drama up there on Mount Olympus.
  zh: 是的，奥林匹斯山上有很多戏剧性事件。
- start: 1610.560058594
  end: 1611.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: In the midst.
  zh: 在其中。
- start: 1611.719970703
  end: 1625.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: There are jealousies and lightning bolts being thrown about and arguments and anger and fear and sexual dalliances with humans.
  zh: 有嫉妒、闪电、争吵、愤怒、恐惧和与人类的性纠葛。
- start: 1626.060058594
  end: 1628.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: Mount Olympus is an emotional train wreck.
  zh: 奥林匹斯山是一个情感上的灾难现场。
- start: 1628.680053711
  end: 1631.180053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: That is not where the impassable ones live.
  zh: 那不是无感情者的居所。
- start: 1631.180053711
  end: 1636.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: In fact, they are like us, passable, sort of to the nth degree.
  zh: 事实上，他们像我们一样，有感情，甚至到了极致。
- start: 1636.979980469
  end: 1641.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: And I think his point is not simply, oh, don't worship us, we're men.
  zh: 我认为他的意思不仅仅是，哦，不要崇拜我们，我们是人。
- start: 1641.219970703
  end: 1651.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think his point is actually, don't worship entities which are homoepathes, of like passions with you.
  zh: 我认为他的意思实际上是，不要崇拜那些性情和你们一样的实体。
- start: 1651.060058594
  end: 1659.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: If I can say that there's a text that says you shouldn't worship a passable entity, here's a text that says don't do that.
  zh: 如果我可以说有一段经文说你不应该崇拜一个有感情的实体，这里有一段经文说不要那样做。
- start: 1659.719970703
  end: 1668.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: And in fact, the apostles go on to say it's vain, empty to worship passable beings that are homoepathes with you.
  zh: 事实上，使徒们继续说，崇拜那些性情和你们一样的有感情的存在是徒劳的、空虚的。
- start: 1668.680053711
  end: 1670.920043945
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's a vain thing to do.
  zh: 那是徒劳的事情。
- start: 1670.920043945
  end: 1671.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now why?
  zh: 为什么呢？
- start: 1671.680053711
  end: 1688.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now the second half of the verse, and it took me some time to sort of be satisfied with what Paul and Barnabas are doing, because the second half of the verse says that you should turn from these vain things, I think in the context, the vain thing is the worship of passable entities.
  zh: 现在看这节经文的后半部分，我花了一些时间才对保罗和巴拿巴的做法感到满意，因为这节经文的后半部分说，你们应当离弃这些虚妄的事，我认为在上下文中，虚妄的事是指崇拜有感情的实体。
- start: 1688.640014648
  end: 1695.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Turn from these vain things to a living God, and then listen to how he characterizes God, who made the heaven, the earth, the sea, and all that is therein.
  zh: 离弃这些虚妄的事，归向那创造天地海和其中万物的永生神，然后听听他如何描述神。
- start: 1696.560058594
  end: 1698.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: Universal creatorhood.
  zh: 普遍的创造者身份。
- start: 1698.099975586
  end: 1707.859985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: And it sounds like a kind of pious filler, like this is just a phrase, and when Paul talks to pagans, he often refers to absolute creatorhood, the God who made all things and depends upon none.
  zh: 听起来像是一种虔诚的填充词，就像这只是一个短语，当保罗与外邦人谈话时，他常常提到绝对的创造者身份，那位创造万物且不依赖任何人的神。
- start: 1707.859985352
  end: 1712.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is a stock argument when Paul presents the true God to pagans.
  zh: 这是保罗向外邦人介绍真神时的常用论点。
- start: 1713.579956055
  end: 1715.959960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: But what's the point of it in this verse?
  zh: 但在这节经文中的意义是什么呢？
- start: 1715.959960938
  end: 1718.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: And I think the point of it here is this.
  zh: 我认为这里的意义是这样的。
- start: 1718.239990234
  end: 1725.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: On the front half of the verse, he says it's vain to worship entities which receive actuality from others.
  zh: 在这节经文的前半部分，他说崇拜那些从他人那里接受现实的实体是徒劳的。
- start: 1725.699951172
  end: 1728.099975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's what passable-ism requires.
  zh: 那是有感情的存在所需要的。
- start: 1728.359985352
  end: 1732.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: Rather, worship the one who gives being to all others.
  zh: 相反，崇拜那位赋予所有其他存在以存在的神。
- start: 1732.5
  end: 1734.119995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: And this is what he's arguing.
  zh: 这就是他的论点。
- start: 1734.33996582
  end: 1739.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: Worship the universal giver of being, do not worship the receiver of being.
  zh: 崇拜那位赋予存在的普遍给予者，不要崇拜存在的接受者。
- start: 1739.219970703
  end: 1756.319946289
  speaker: unknown
  en: If you don't translate ahomoi pathe as like passions, and you just say of the same nature, I think that that exact contrast gets lost, because passions means undergoing, submitting, suffering, receiving and absolute creatorhood means universal giving.
  zh: 如果你不把“ahomoi pathe”翻译成“性情和你们一样”，而只是说“同样的本性”，我认为这种精确的对比就会丢失，因为感情意味着经历、屈服、受苦、接受，而绝对的创造者身份意味着普遍的给予。
- start: 1756.959960938
  end: 1759.420043945
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is where the creator-creature distinction lies.
  zh: 这是创造者与受造物的区别所在。
- start: 1759.420043945
  end: 1762.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: Don't worship entities that depend upon others.
  zh: 不要崇拜依赖他人的实体。
- start: 1762.719970703
  end: 1769.619995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: Rather, worship the one who gives to all life breath and all things in whom we live, move, and have our being.
  zh: 相反，崇拜那位赐给一切生命气息和万物的神，我们在他里面生活、行动、存在。
- start: 1770.359985352
  end: 1783.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: That is probably, and as it turns out, all of those 17th century Puritans and Anglicans before them who gave this text as a proof text were more right, perhaps, than I knew when I wrote my term paper.
  zh: 这可能是，事实证明，所有那些17世纪的清教徒和英国圣公会成员在他们之前将这段经文作为证明经文时，比我写学期论文时所知道的更正确。
- start: 1783.699951172
  end: 1788.319946289
  speaker: unknown
  en: I want to consider another text that supports this notion of God being impassable.
  zh: 我想考虑另一段支持神无感情观念的经文。
- start: 1788.319946289
  end: 1794.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: And I want to look with you at Job 22 briefly, and then Job 35.
  zh: 我想和你们一起简要地看一下《约伯记》22章，然后是35章。
- start: 1794.439941406
  end: 1822.400024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: In Job 22, Job is being rebuked by Eliphaz, the Temanite, and it's always tricky deriving doctrines from Job's three friends, because many things that Job's three friends say are correct, and we know they're correct because Elihu, who is not one of Job's three friends, who's a preacher of righteousness, says many of the same things, and then Yahweh, in his discourse at the end of Job, says many of the same things that the friends say.
  zh: 在《约伯记》22章中，约伯被提幔人以利法责备，从约伯的三个朋友那里推导出教义总是很棘手，因为约伯的三个朋友说的很多事情是正确的，我们知道它们是正确的，因为以利户，他不是约伯的三个朋友之一，是一个传讲公义的人，说了很多相同的话，然后耶和华在《约伯记》末尾的讲话中也说了很多朋友们说的相同的话。
- start: 1822.400024414
  end: 1832.900024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: But the friends' counsel is, in one respect, wrong with regard to their diagnosis of Job's suffering, and in another respect, incomplete or half baked.
  zh: 但朋友们的建议在某种程度上是错误的，因为他们对约伯的苦难的诊断是错误的，在另一种程度上是不完整的或半成熟的。
- start: 1833.359985352
  end: 1858.33996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: Job has, and we're told this later in the text, before he has his encounter with Elihu and then with God, Job has vindicated himself in his own words, and he even ends very badly at the end of chapter 31, in which he says that he would, as it were, issue a subpoena to God, call God into his courtroom, and that he would declare to God all of his righteous steps, and he would, as it were, put God on the witness stand and say to God, Why am I suffering?
  zh: 约伯在与以利户和神相遇之前，已经在自己的话语中为自己辩护了，后来我们在经文中看到这一点，他甚至在第31章末尾以非常糟糕的方式结束，他说他会像是向神发出传票，把神叫到他的法庭上，他会向神宣告他所有的正义行为，他会像是把神放在证人席上，对神说，我为什么受苦？
- start: 1858.33996582
  end: 1860.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: Because I have done A, B, C, and D for you.
  zh: 因为我为你做了A、B、C和D。
- start: 1860.359985352
  end: 1862.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's Job in his nadir.
  zh: 那是约伯在他最低谷的时候。
- start: 1862.420043945
  end: 1865.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: That is Job in his lowest moment.
  zh: 那是约伯在他最糟糕的时刻。
- start: 1865.060058594
  end: 1869.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: His friends pick up on this, and it kind of gets worse as things go on for Job.
  zh: 他的朋友们抓住这一点，随着事情的发展，约伯的情况变得更糟。
- start: 1869.040039062
  end: 1872.66003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: His friends pick up on this and they oppose what he's saying.
  zh: 他的朋友们抓住这一点，反对他说的话。
- start: 1872.66003418
  end: 1874.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: Listen to what Eliphaz says.
  zh: 听听以利法怎么说。
- start: 1874.219970703
  end: 1881.359985352
  speaker: unknown
  en: Then Eliphaz the Temanite responded, Can a vigorous man be of use to God, or can a wise man be useful to himself?
  zh: 于是提幔人以利法回答说，强壮的人能对神有用吗？智慧人能对自己有益吗？
- start: 1882.780029297
  end: 1888.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: Is there any pleasure to the Almighty if you are righteous, or profit if you make your ways perfect?
  zh: 如果你是公义的，全能者会有喜悦吗？如果你使你的道路完全，会有益处吗？
- start: 1888.239990234
  end: 1894.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: So if you are such an upright man, do you think that your uprightness obligates God to give you an answer?
  zh: 所以，如果你是这样一个正直的人，你认为你的正直使神有义务给你一个答案吗？
- start: 1895.060058594
  end: 1900.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Does your uprightness in a certain sense give God something he lacks so that now he's in your debt?
  zh: 你的正直在某种意义上是否给了神他所缺乏的东西，以至于现在他欠你的？
- start: 1900.020019531
  end: 1900.900024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's the question.
  zh: 这是问题所在。
- start: 1900.900024414
  end: 1902.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's a good question.
  zh: 这是一个好问题。
- start: 1902.099975586
  end: 1903.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: And I think Eliphaz is correct.
  zh: 我认为以利法是对的。
- start: 1903.979980469
  end: 1907.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: But then he goes wrong in verse 4.
  zh: 但他在第4节中出错了。
- start: 1907.939941406
  end: 1908.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: He mocks Job.
  zh: 他嘲笑约伯。
- start: 1908.719970703
  end: 1913.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: Is it because of your reverence that he reproves you, that he enters into judgment against you?
  zh: 是因为你的敬畏他责备你，进入审判你吗？
- start: 1913.079956055
  end: 1918.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: I suppose it's because you're so good and so holy that you've lost all your children and your goods and your health.
  zh: 我想是因为你太好太圣洁了，所以你失去了所有的孩子、财物和健康。
- start: 1919.699951172
  end: 1920.579956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: Give me a break.
  zh: 得了吧。
- start: 1920.579956055
  end: 1922.400024414
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's Eliphaz's diagnosis.
  zh: 这是以利法的诊断。
- start: 1922.400024414
  end: 1924.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Verse 5 is where it gets very problematic.
  zh: 第5节是问题非常严重的地方。
- start: 1924.719970703
  end: 1929.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: Is not your wickedness great, and your iniquities without end?
  zh: 你的罪孽岂不是大吗？你的罪恶岂不是无穷尽吗？
- start: 1929.540039062
  end: 1936.819946289
  speaker: unknown
  en: And the implication seems to be that while God cannot be helped by your righteousness, he can be harmed by your wickedness.
  zh: 其含义似乎是，虽然神不能因你的公义而得到帮助，但他可以因你的罪恶而受到伤害。
- start: 1936.819946289
  end: 1940.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: You can't improve him, but you can diminish him.
  zh: 你不能改善他，但你可以削弱他。
- start: 1940.140014648
  end: 1943.140014648
  speaker: unknown
  en: You can't help him, but you can harm him.
  zh: 你不能帮助他，但你可以伤害他。
- start: 1943.219970703
  end: 1946.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now listen to Elihu's response in Job 36.
  zh: 现在听听以利户在《约伯记》第36章中的回应。
- start: 1946.719970703
  end: 1951.099975586
  speaker: unknown
  en: Job 36, verses 5 through 8.
  zh: 《约伯记》36章5至8节。
- start: 1950.020019531
  end: 1956.83996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: Very briefly on Elihu, Elihu, he is introduced to us in chapter 32, and he speaks to the end of chapter 37.
  zh: 简要介绍一下以利户，以利户在第32章中被介绍给我们，他一直说到第37章结束。
- start: 1956.83996582
  end: 1958.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is how I understand Elihu.
  zh: 这是我对以利户的理解。
- start: 1958.459960938
  end: 1965.819946289
  speaker: unknown
  en: Elihu is the only named human in the book of Job who is nowhere in the book of Job rebuked for what he says.
  zh: 以利户是《约伯记》中唯一一个没有因为他说的话而在《约伯记》中被责备的人。
- start: 1966.180053711
  end: 1969.119995117
  speaker: unknown
  en: Job is rebuked by his wife, by his three friends, by Elihu, and by God.
  zh: 约伯被他的妻子、他的三个朋友、以利户和神责备。
- start: 1969.119995117
  end: 1973.079956055
  speaker: unknown
  en: The three friends are rebuked by Elihu, by Job, and by God.
  zh: 三个朋友被以利户、约伯和神责备。
- start: 1976.579956055
  end: 1980.66003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now, no one rebukes God, no one rebukes Elihu.
  zh: 现在，没有人责备神，没有人责备以利户。
- start: 1980.819946289
  end: 1993.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think Elihu is the preacher of wisdom, kind of the opening act, the warm-up act before God appears in chapter 38, and then sort of takes off of what Elihu has been saying.
  zh: 我认为以利户是智慧的传道者，有点像是第38章神出现之前的开场表演，接着神继续以利户所说的话。
- start: 1993.739990234
  end: 1999.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think there's no reason for us to take Elihu's words as sort of mixed or faulty counsel.
  zh: 我认为我们没有理由把以利户的话看作是混杂或错误的建议。
- start: 1999.979980469
  end: 2001.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: That being said, that's an exegetical point.
  zh: 话虽如此，这是一个解释学的观点。
- start: 2001.939941406
  end: 2004.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: Elihu confronts Job and his three friends.
  zh: 以利户面对约伯和他的三个朋友。
- start: 2004.5
  end: 2010.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: Listen to what he says in Job 35, not 36, Job 35.
  zh: 听听他在《约伯记》35章中说的话，不是36章，是35章。
- start: 2010.060058594
  end: 2011.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: I'll begin at the first verse.
  zh: 我从第一节开始。
- start: 2011.300048828
  end: 2014.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: Then Elihu continued and said, Do you think this is according to justice?
  zh: 以利户又接着说，你以为这合理吗？
- start: 2014.780029297
  end: 2020.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: That is Job's vindication of himself, saying, God needs to give me an answer because I have been a good man.
  zh: 这是约伯为自己辩护，说，神需要给我一个答案，因为我是一个好人。
- start: 2020.239990234
  end: 2021.680053711
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's how 31 ends.
  zh: 第31章就是这样结束的。
- start: 2021.979980469
  end: 2025.83996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says, Do you say my righteousness is more than God's?
  zh: 他说，你说我的公义比神的公义更大吗？
- start: 2025.83996582
  end: 2026.880004883
  speaker: unknown
  en: The idea is this.
  zh: 意思是这样的。
- start: 2026.880004883
  end: 2033.16003418
  speaker: unknown
  en: I've been righteous and God hasn't given me an answer, and Elihu is saying, Job, you're making yourself out like you're more righteous than God.
  zh: 我一直是公义的，但神没有给我答案，以利户在说，约伯，你把自己弄得好像比神更公义。
- start: 2033.16003418
  end: 2034.219970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: You did your part.
  zh: 你做了你该做的。
- start: 2034.219970703
  end: 2035.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now God's got to do his part.
  zh: 现在神必须做他的部分。
- start: 2035.5
  end: 2036.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: Where is he?
  zh: 他在哪里？
- start: 2036.819946289
  end: 2038.280029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: You're impugning his character.
  zh: 你在质疑他的品格。
- start: 2038.280029297
  end: 2040.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: Do you say you're more righteous than God?
  zh: 你说你比神更公义吗？
- start: 2040.0
  end: 2040.83996582
  speaker: unknown
  en: Verse 3.
  zh: 第三节。
- start: 2040.83996582
  end: 2042.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: For you say, what advantage will it be to you?
  zh: 因为你说，这对我有什么好处呢？
- start: 2042.939941406
  end: 2045.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: For what profit will I have more than if I had sinned?
  zh: 如果我犯了罪，我会比现在得到更多的好处吗？
- start: 2045.5
  end: 2048.639892578
  speaker: unknown
  en: I mean, if I'm going to suffer, what's the point of righteousness?
  zh: 我的意思是，如果我注定要受苦，那么公义有什么意义呢？
- start: 2049.120117188
  end: 2053.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: But there's something insidiously wrong with that way of thinking, and it's this.
  zh: 但这种思维方式有一个隐蔽的错误，那就是。
- start: 2053.800048828
  end: 2060.620117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: That means that you're thinking of your righteousness as something that God, that puts God in your debt.
  zh: 这意味着你把你的公义看作是让神欠你的东西。
- start: 2060.780029297
  end: 2069.580078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's like thinking of your righteousness as something that earns and requires that God reward you, and what it really thinks about God is, I helped God.
  zh: 这就像把你的公义看作是赚取并要求神奖励你的东西，而它真正对神的看法是，我帮助了神。
- start: 2070.179931641
  end: 2073.159912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: Time for God to help me.
  zh: 现在轮到神帮助我了。
- start: 2073.879882812
  end: 2081.800048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: That thinks of God in a kind of mutualistic, finite, process, temporal, give and take relationship.
  zh: 这种看法把神看作是一种互惠的、有限的、过程性的、暂时的、互惠互利的关系。
- start: 2082.399902344
  end: 2084.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: Elihu, again.
  zh: 再看以利户。
- start: 2084.239990234
  end: 2088.340087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says, I will answer you to Job and your friends with you.
  zh: 他说，我要回答你和你的朋友们。
- start: 2090.219970703
  end: 2091.159912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: Build out so far in Eliphaz.
  zh: 在以利法的话中继续展开。
- start: 2091.600097656
  end: 2092.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: Verse 5.
  zh: 第五节。
- start: 2092.399902344
  end: 2095.800048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: Look at the heavens and see.
  zh: 你观看诸天，观看。
- start: 2095.800048828
  end: 2098.340087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: Behold the clouds, they are higher than you.
  zh: 看哪，云彩比你高。
- start: 2098.340087891
  end: 2101.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: Now he's setting this up, and what I think he's trying to get after is this.
  zh: 现在他在设定这个场景，我认为他想要表达的是。
- start: 2101.040039062
  end: 2104.199951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: We don't have a kind of give and take relationship with the clouds.
  zh: 我们与云彩没有一种互惠互利的关系。
- start: 2104.199951172
  end: 2106.340087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: There's no cloud seeding back in these days.
  zh: 那时候没有人工降雨。
- start: 2106.580078125
  end: 2116.300048828
  speaker: unknown
  en: The clouds are above, and they give us shade, and they give us rain, and the clouds provide for us, but we don't return the favor and provide for the clouds.
  zh: 云彩在上面，给我们遮阴，给我们降雨，云彩为我们提供，但我们不回报云彩，为云彩提供。
- start: 2116.300048828
  end: 2116.879882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's what he's saying.
  zh: 这就是他在说的。
- start: 2116.879882812
  end: 2120.620117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: Look to the clouds, the heavens, see the clouds, they are higher than you.
  zh: 观看云彩，观看诸天，看哪，云彩比你高。
- start: 2120.620117188
  end: 2129.139892578
  speaker: unknown
  en: We receive from God, as those who stand below the clouds receive from the clouds, but the clouds, and in this case his analogy, and God, do not receive from us.
  zh: 我们从神那里接受，就像站在云彩下的人从云彩那里接受，但云彩，在这个比喻中，神，不从我们这里接受。
- start: 2129.139892578
  end: 2129.860107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: Verse 6.
  zh: 第六节。
- start: 2129.860107422
  end: 2133.620117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says, now I think what he's doing is he's reversing the order.
  zh: 他说，现在我认为他在做的是颠倒顺序。
- start: 2133.679931641
  end: 2142.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: Eliphaz says, if you're righteous and if you've sinned, and Elihu says, if you've sinned and if you're righteous, and I think he's starting with the point that was weakest in Eliphaz's statement.
  zh: 以利法说，如果你是公义的，如果你犯了罪，以利户说，如果你犯了罪，如果你是公义的，我认为他从以利法陈述中最薄弱的点开始。
- start: 2142.939941406
  end: 2152.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says, if you have sinned, I imagine him giving the stink eye to Eliphaz right here, because that's what that guy said.
  zh: 他说，如果你犯了罪，我想象他在这里对以利法投以鄙视的眼神，因为那是那个人说的。
- start: 2152.439941406
  end: 2156.820068359
  speaker: unknown
  en: If you have sinned, what do you accomplish against him?
  zh: 如果你犯了罪，你对他有什么成就呢？
- start: 2156.820068359
  end: 2161.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: That could be literally translated what do you make to be in him?
  zh: 这可以直译为你在他里面成就了什么？
- start: 2162.439941406
  end: 2168.580078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: If your transgressions are many, and here I really think he's coming down on Eliphaz hard, because that was Eliphaz's whole argument.
  zh: 如果你的过犯很多，在这里我真的认为他在严厉批评以利法，因为那是以利法的整个论点。
- start: 2168.580078125
  end: 2171.159912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: Are not your transgressions great?
  zh: 你的过犯岂不是大吗？
- start: 2171.679931641
  end: 2175.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Therefore, God has suffered so much from your hands, that's why you're suffering so much from God.
  zh: 因此，神从你手中受了这么多苦，这就是为什么你从神那里受了这么多苦。
- start: 2175.760009766
  end: 2182.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: And then he looks at, I think Elihu looks at Eliphaz and says, if your transgressions are many, what do you do to him?
  zh: 然后他看着，我认为以利户看着以利法说，如果你的过犯很多，你对他做了什么？
- start: 2182.520019531
  end: 2184.580078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is a strange statement.
  zh: 这是一个奇怪的说法。
- start: 2185.699951172
  end: 2191.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: Your many transgressions don't in fact produce any change in God.
  zh: 你的许多过犯实际上并没有在神里面产生任何变化。
- start: 2192.040039062
  end: 2194.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: That doesn't mean God doesn't care about your transgressions.
  zh: 这并不意味着神不关心你的过犯。
- start: 2194.399902344
  end: 2196.560058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: That doesn't mean he doesn't hate your transgressions.
  zh: 这并不意味着他不恨你的过犯。
- start: 2196.560058594
  end: 2202.199951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: It means that your transgressions did not stir up some new state of being in him.
  zh: 这意味着你的过犯没有在他里面激起某种新的存在状态。
- start: 2202.199951172
  end: 2205.100097656
  speaker: unknown
  en: If your transgressions are many, what do you do to him?
  zh: 如果你的过犯很多，你对他做了什么？
- start: 2205.100097656
  end: 2211.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: Just simply put, impassibility says, God is not one who is done unto.
  zh: 简单地说，不受感性教义说，神不是被动的。
- start: 2211.419921875
  end: 2214.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: God's a doer, but he's not a done.
  zh: 神是施动者，但他不是被动者。
- start: 2215.479980469
  end: 2218.120117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: God gives, but he doesn't receive.
  zh: 神给予，但他不接受。
- start: 2218.120117188
  end: 2219.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: Then he goes to the righteousness point.
  zh: 然后他谈到公义的问题。
- start: 2220.439941406
  end: 2225.100097656
  speaker: unknown
  en: If you are righteous, what do you give to him, or what does he receive from your hand?
  zh: 如果你是公义的，你给了他什么，或者他从你手中接受了什么？
- start: 2225.320068359
  end: 2227.860107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: We don't produce pain in him.
  zh: 我们不会在他里面产生痛苦。
- start: 2227.860107422
  end: 2229.899902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: We don't produce pleasure in him.
  zh: 我们不会在他里面产生快乐。
- start: 2229.899902344
  end: 2231.280029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: We don't produce in him.
  zh: 我们不会在他里面产生。
- start: 2231.280029297
  end: 2233.179931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: He's unproduced.
  zh: 他是未被产生的。
- start: 2233.699951172
  end: 2235.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Absolute creator of all things.
  zh: 万物的绝对创造者。
- start: 2235.520019531
  end: 2238.179931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: Self-sufficient, not made to be, but the maker of all.
  zh: 自给自足，不是被造的，而是万物的创造者。
- start: 2238.179931641
  end: 2240.760009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: This doesn't mean that your wickedness doesn't matter.
  zh: 这并不意味着你的罪恶无关紧要。
- start: 2240.860107422
  end: 2247.600097656
  speaker: unknown
  en: God hates your wickedness, and God morally approves of your righteousness, but it doesn't change his benediction.
  zh: 神恨你的罪恶，神在道德上认可你的公义，但这并不会改变他的祝福。
- start: 2247.600097656
  end: 2251.479980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: He is God blessed forever, not blessed right after you got done blessing him.
  zh: 他是永远受祝福的神，不是你祝福他之后才受祝福的。
- start: 2251.479980469
  end: 2265.659912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: He is God who is a consuming fire of holiness, as we spoke about earlier, whose opposition to sin could not be hotter than it is, so that God is not in this kind of relationship where he gets and he receives, and then he feels obligated or is put into our debt.
  zh: 他是圣洁的烈火之神，正如我们之前所说，他对罪的反对不可能比现在更强烈，因此神不在这种他得到和接受，然后感到有义务或欠我们的关系中。
- start: 2265.659912109
  end: 2270.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says in verse 8, your wickedness is for a man like yourself, and your righteousness is for a son of man.
  zh: 他在第8节中说，你的罪恶是对你这样的人，你的公义是对人子。
- start: 2270.939941406
  end: 2282.340087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: In other words, your good deeds and your evil deeds do produce effects in others, namely those who live with us here below the clouds, but they do not produce changes or effects in God.
  zh: 换句话说，你的善行和恶行确实会在他人身上产生影响，即那些与我们一起生活在云下的人，但它们不会在神身上产生变化或影响。
- start: 2282.540039062
  end: 2290.159912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's chapter 41 where God himself says, who has given to me, or who has gotten the upper hand on me, such that I should repay?
  zh: 在第41章中，神自己说，谁给了我，谁占了我的上风，以至于我应该偿还？
- start: 2290.360107422
  end: 2291.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: God is not in our debt.
  zh: 神不欠我们。
- start: 2292.0
  end: 2299.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Many critics of this doctrine say that impassibility means that God lacks vitality, dynamism, and care for his creatures.
  zh: 许多批评这种教义的人说，不受感性意味着神缺乏活力、动力和对他受造物的关怀。
- start: 2299.020019531
  end: 2302.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Jurgen Moltmann once said of impassibility, is he a God?
  zh: 于尔根·莫特曼曾说过不受感性，难道他是神吗？
- start: 2302.979980469
  end: 2305.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Is he not rather a stone?
  zh: 他难道不是一块石头吗？
- start: 2305.300048828
  end: 2313.340087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think it was the late Clark Pinnock who said that the doctrine of divine impassibility would render God a metaphysical iceberg.
  zh: 我记得已故的克拉克·皮诺克曾说过，神不受感性的教义会使神成为形而上的冰山。
- start: 2314.760009766
  end: 2315.639892578
  speaker: unknown
  en: Uncaring.
  zh: 冷漠。
- start: 2316.159912109
  end: 2317.139892578
  speaker: unknown
  en: Uninterested.
  zh: 不感兴趣。
- start: 2317.540039062
  end: 2320.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is what we're saying about divine impassibility.
  zh: 这就是我们所说的神不受感性。
- start: 2320.139892578
  end: 2321.679931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: Not that God doesn't care.
  zh: 并不是说神不关心。
- start: 2321.679931641
  end: 2328.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: We're actually saying that God couldn't be made to care more.
  zh: 我们实际上是在说，神不能被迫关心更多。
- start: 2329.560058594
  end: 2342.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: We're saying that God cares with the infinite fullness of his being about iniquity and about righteousness that God loves with the unbounded fullness of his being and that God opposes iniquity with the unbounded fullness of his being.
  zh: 我们是在说，神以他无限的存在关心罪恶和公义，神以他无限的存在爱，神以他无限的存在反对罪恶。
- start: 2342.780029297
  end: 2347.639892578
  speaker: unknown
  en: The divine impassibility doctrine is not a statement about God not caring.
  zh: 神不受感性的教义并不是说神不关心。
- start: 2347.739990234
  end: 2351.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is strange, but it is a let me be a little provocative with you for a moment.
  zh: 这很奇怪，但让我稍微挑衅一下。
- start: 2351.939941406
  end: 2356.179931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: In a very strict sense, it is a doctrine about God unfeeling.
  zh: 从非常严格的意义上说，这是一种关于神无感的教义。
- start: 2358.919921875
  end: 2362.780029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: See, but in your mind, caring and feeling go together.
  zh: 但在你的心目中，关心和感觉是连在一起的。
- start: 2362.780029297
  end: 2363.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: Why is that?
  zh: 为什么会这样呢？
- start: 2363.699951172
  end: 2365.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: Let's talk about that for just a moment.
  zh: 让我们谈一谈这个问题。
- start: 2365.459960938
  end: 2367.820068359
  speaker: unknown
  en: I need to settle this whole question about caring.
  zh: 我需要解决关于关心的整个问题。
- start: 2367.820068359
  end: 2374.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: Why do you think that passion and care or feeling and care are the same thing?
  zh: 你为什么认为感情和关心或感觉和关心是同一回事？
- start: 2374.5
  end: 2377.260009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think the reason we do that is because that's how it is with us.
  zh: 我认为我们这样做的原因是因为我们就是这样。
- start: 2377.260009766
  end: 2382.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: If I'm going to care, I'm going to need to be stirred up.
  zh: 如果我要关心，我需要被激发起来。
- start: 2382.520019531
  end: 2384.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: I'm going to need to have something up.
  zh: 我需要有一些东西激发我。
- start: 2384.979980469
  end: 2390.199951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: If I'm going to love my wife, I'm going to need my wife's loveliness to move me to love her.
  zh: 如果我要爱我的妻子，我需要她的可爱来感动我去爱她。
- start: 2390.199951172
  end: 2391.100097656
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's true.
  zh: 这是真的。
- start: 2391.100097656
  end: 2400.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: Once I did not love my wife because she grew up in Tacoma, Washington, and I'm a California kid, and I didn't even know her.
  zh: 曾经我不爱我的妻子，因为她在华盛顿州塔科马长大，而我是加州的孩子，我甚至不认识她。
- start: 2401.219970703
  end: 2406.959960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: If I'm going to love this woman, I'm going to need to be moved to the state of love for this woman.
  zh: 如果我要爱这个女人，我需要被感动到爱这个女人的状态。
- start: 2407.580078125
  end: 2425.360107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: The reason that we equate care and passion or care and feeling is because all of your caring about anything is a state of mind and heart into which you have been moved by the operation of something upon you.
  zh: 我们把关心和感情或关心和感觉等同起来的原因是，你对任何事情的关心都是一种心灵和心灵的状态，这种状态是由某种东西对你施加的影响所引起的。
- start: 2425.360107422
  end: 2427.679931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: God stirred your heart by his spirit.
  zh: 神通过他的灵激动了你的心。
- start: 2427.679931641
  end: 2431.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: The loveliness of some created good stirred your heart by its goodness.
  zh: 某些受造之物的可爱通过其善良激动了你的心。
- start: 2432.080078125
  end: 2435.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: I guess I'm in Florida on the west side.
  zh: 我猜我在佛罗里达西部。
- start: 2435.020019531
  end: 2440.379882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: If you're a Bucs fan and Tampa Bay, I've never met a Buccaneers fan in my life.
  zh: 如果你是坦帕湾海盗队的球迷，我一生中从未见过海盗队的球迷。
- start: 2441.100097656
  end: 2442.959960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: I've never been down this far.
  zh: 我从未到过这么远的地方。
- start: 2442.959960938
  end: 2456.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: But if that stirs you, there's something about the good of that game, the beauty of the game, there's something virtuous in it that you esteem and that moves you and compels you.
  zh: 但如果那激动了你，那场比赛的好处，比赛的美丽，有一些美德在其中，你尊敬它，它感动你，迫使你。
- start: 2456.179931641
  end: 2457.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's the thing.
  zh: 这就是问题所在。
- start: 2457.399902344
  end: 2461.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: All of our caring, we have to be made to care.
  zh: 我们所有的关心，都必须被激发出来。
- start: 2461.320068359
  end: 2464.840087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: Hence we need to care via passions.
  zh: 因此我们需要通过感情来关心。
- start: 2465.399902344
  end: 2474.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: But if God already cares eternally with the infinite fullness of his being, there is no need for him to move into a state of caring.
  zh: 但如果神已经以他无限的存在永恒地关心，那么他就不需要进入关心的状态。
- start: 2474.520019531
  end: 2479.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Ergo he cares, but he doesn't need passions in order to get his caring going.
  zh: 因此他关心，但他不需要感情来激发他的关心。
- start: 2479.540039062
  end: 2480.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: Does that make sense?
  zh: 这有道理吗？
- start: 2480.399902344
  end: 2501.600097656
  speaker: unknown
  en: So what we can actually say then is if his care is really nothing but his own infinite fullness of being, then what we're actually saying is not that God's a metaphysical iceberg or uncaring, we're saying that he's totally not passionate and entirely unfeeling, not because he doesn't care, but because he is perfect, infinite fullness of care and love and justice.
  zh: 所以我们实际上可以说，如果他的关心真的只是他自己无限的存在，那么我们实际上是在说神不是形而上的冰山或冷漠，而是说他完全没有感情，完全无感，不是因为他不关心，而是因为他是完美的、无限的关心、爱和正义的存在。
- start: 2501.600097656
  end: 2511.239990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's not lack of intensity, it's the unboundedness of intensity and reality that makes God impassable for us.
  zh: 这不是缺乏强度，而是强度和现实的无限性使神对我们来说是无感情的。
- start: 2511.280029297
  end: 2520.679931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: When we think about this, we need to say this again, that if God loved you passionately he would love you temporally, mutably, and finitely.
  zh: 当我们思考这个问题时，我们需要再次说，如果神感情地爱你，他会暂时地、可变地、有限地爱你。
- start: 2521.060058594
  end: 2524.360107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passionate love of God is bad, bad news.
  zh: 神的感情之爱是坏消息，非常坏的消息。
- start: 2524.479980469
  end: 2529.860107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: There was a time for about 1700 years when all Christians everywhere knew that.
  zh: 曾经有大约1700年的时间，所有地方的基督徒都知道这一点。
- start: 2530.899902344
  end: 2532.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: I think we're at a good place again to say that.
  zh: 我认为我们现在又处在一个可以说出这一点的好地方。
- start: 2532.739990234
  end: 2539.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: It also means if we want to talk about our cultural situation, it also means that while our hearts are tossed to and fro, God's isn't.
  zh: 这也意味着，如果我们想谈论我们的文化状况，这也意味着当我们的心四处摇摆时，神的心不会。
- start: 2539.479980469
  end: 2541.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: It means that we have a rock and a refuge.
  zh: 这意味着我们有一块磐石和一个避难所。
- start: 2541.719970703
  end: 2546.879882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: If he's a very present help in trouble, what we need is a God who doesn't get in trouble.
  zh: 如果他是我们在患难中随时的帮助，我们需要的是一位不会陷入困境的神。
- start: 2546.879882812
  end: 2555.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: What we need is a God who is not blown about, whose purposes and whose being is immovable and is purely and infinitely actual.
  zh: 我们需要的是一位不会被吹动的神，他的目的和存在是不可动摇的，是纯粹的、无限的现实。
- start: 2555.399902344
  end: 2556.699951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's a refuge.
  zh: 那是一个避难所。
- start: 2556.699951172
  end: 2558.679931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's a rock.
  zh: 那是一块磐石。
- start: 2559.0
  end: 2562.879882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: We need a God who is not vulnerable, I think was the word used earlier.
  zh: 我们需要一位不脆弱的神，我认为这是之前用过的词。
- start: 2562.879882812
  end: 2570.159912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: We need a God who is invulnerable but not uncaring, but actually perfect, boundless care and love.
  zh: 我们需要一位无懈可击但不是冷漠的神，而是实际上完美的、无限的关心和爱。
- start: 2570.159912109
  end: 2575.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is the good news of God's impassibility.
  zh: 这是神不受感性的好消息。
- start: 2575.540039062
  end: 2584.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: I want to make a final point then with regard to this gospel of impassible love, if I can use that gospel in the sense of good news.
  zh: 最后，我想就这种无感情之爱的福音做一个总结，如果我可以用福音这个词来表示好消息的话。
- start: 2584.399902344
  end: 2590.879882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: It means that God's love for us is a pure, beneficent love.
  zh: 这意味着神对我们的爱是纯粹的、仁慈的爱。
- start: 2591.159912109
  end: 2598.5
  speaker: unknown
  en: If the love by which God created the world were a passionate love, then his creation would not be an act of pure generosity.
  zh: 如果神创造世界的爱是一种感情的爱，那么他的创造就不是一种纯粹的慷慨行为。
- start: 2598.5
  end: 2603.419921875
  speaker: unknown
  en: My love for my wife is not an act of pure generosity.
  zh: 我对妻子的爱不是一种纯粹的慷慨行为。
- start: 2603.760009766
  end: 2607.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Meaning, I love her because she stirred up the love within me.
  zh: 意思是，我爱她是因为她激发了我内心的爱。
- start: 2607.979980469
  end: 2610.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's not purely I love her because I'm the giver.
  zh: 我爱她并不是因为我是给予者。
- start: 2610.459960938
  end: 2614.280029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: I love her because I received some good from her.
  zh: 我爱她是因为我从她那里得到了好处。
- start: 2616.760009766
  end: 2625.179931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: If God's saving love for the sinner were a passionate love, then salvation would not be all of grace.
  zh: 如果神对罪人的拯救之爱是一种感情的爱，那么救恩就不会完全是恩典。
- start: 2625.280029297
  end: 2627.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: What I mean by that is this.
  zh: 我的意思是。
- start: 2627.580078125
  end: 2629.479980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: Passions require causes.
  zh: 感情需要原因。
- start: 2629.479980469
  end: 2638.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: The things that cause passions are the goods or evils that impinge upon those things.
  zh: 引起感情的东西是那些影响这些东西的好与坏。
- start: 2638.879882812
  end: 2647.159912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: And if God loved you in the gospel with a passionate love, then we would have to identify the cause that moved God to love.
  zh: 如果神在福音中以感情之爱爱你，那么我们必须确定使神动爱的原因。
- start: 2647.699951172
  end: 2649.100097656
  speaker: unknown
  en: Then it wouldn't be pure beneficence.
  zh: 那么这就不是纯粹的仁慈了。
- start: 2649.100097656
  end: 2650.080078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: Does that make sense?
  zh: 这有道理吗？
- start: 2650.080078125
  end: 2651.879882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: It wouldn't be pure gratuity.
  zh: 这就不是纯粹的恩赐。
- start: 2651.879882812
  end: 2659.360107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: It would be love that was first animated and caused by the loveliness of the thing to which he extends his love.
  zh: 这将是首先被他所爱的事物的可爱所激发和引起的爱。
- start: 2659.360107422
  end: 2666.120117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: My love for my wife is in a very deep respect caused in me by my wife.
  zh: 我对妻子的爱在很大程度上是由我妻子引起的。
- start: 2666.580078125
  end: 2671.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: God's love for you is not caused in God by you.
  zh: 神对你的爱不是由你引起的。
- start: 2672.320068359
  end: 2673.459960938
  speaker: unknown
  en: That's the point.
  zh: 这就是重点。
- start: 2673.459960938
  end: 2674.080078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: Pure grace.
  zh: 纯粹的恩典。
- start: 2674.080078125
  end: 2681.620117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: The gospel of God's free grace can only be consistently maintained to the extent that his love for the sinner is without passion.
  zh: 神的自由恩典的福音只有在他对罪人的爱是无感情的情况下才能一致地维持。
- start: 2681.620117188
  end: 2683.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: Two texts just briefly.
  zh: 简要提到两段经文。
- start: 2683.560058594
  end: 2684.580078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: The first in Hosea.
  zh: 第一段在《何西阿书》。
- start: 2684.580078125
  end: 2688.419921875
  speaker: unknown
  en: I'm not going to turn there, but I'm going to just mention the text in 14.4.
  zh: 我不会翻到那里，但我要提到14章4节的经文。
- start: 2688.419921875
  end: 2698.520019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: In the book of Hosea, Israel has made herself utterly repugnant and unlovely through her iniquity, likened to the wife of prostitution, Gomer, that Hosea takes to himself.
  zh: 在《何西阿书》中，以色列因她的罪孽使自己变得极其令人厌恶和不可爱，就像何西阿娶的妓女妻子歌篾一样。
- start: 2698.520019531
  end: 2701.899902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: Israel is a prostitute wife.
  zh: 以色列是一个妓女妻子。
- start: 2702.540039062
  end: 2705.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: A morally repugnant and unlovely thing.
  zh: 一个在道德上令人厌恶和不可爱的东西。
- start: 2705.020019531
  end: 2709.280029297
  speaker: unknown
  en: Yet God, with the bands of love, reaches forth and draws Israel to himself again.
  zh: 然而，神以爱的绳索伸手再次将以色列拉到自己身边。
- start: 2709.280029297
  end: 2711.840087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: He says in 14.4
  zh: 他在14章4节说。
- start: 2711.840087891
  end: 2715.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: of his love, I will heal their apostasy.
  zh: 关于他的爱，我要医治他们的背道。
- start: 2715.399902344
  end: 2722.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: I will love them freely for my anger has turned from them.
  zh: 我必甘心爱他们，因为我的怒气已转离他们。
- start: 2722.840087891
  end: 2725.0
  speaker: unknown
  en: This free love, I think the point is this.
  zh: 这种自由的爱，我认为重点是这样的。
- start: 2725.0
  end: 2729.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's not the loveliness of Israel that constrains God's love for Israel.
  zh: 不是以色列的可爱约束了神对以色列的爱。
- start: 2729.979980469
  end: 2738.580078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's the pure gratuity and beneficence of his love given to a people who is in no way deserving.
  zh: 这是他给予完全不配的人的爱中的纯粹恩赐和仁慈。
- start: 2738.580078125
  end: 2744.739990234
  speaker: unknown
  en: There's nothing about Israel that would stir the heart of God and yet he loves them.
  zh: 以色列没有什么能激动神的心，但他却爱他们。
- start: 2744.739990234
  end: 2745.879882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: And this is why it's free.
  zh: 这就是为什么它是自由的。
- start: 2745.879882812
  end: 2748.659912109
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's free because it's impassable.
  zh: 它是自由的，因为它是无感情的。
- start: 2748.739990234
  end: 2752.260009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's free because they aren't the cause of it in him.
  zh: 它是自由的，因为他们不是他里面的原因。
- start: 2752.360107422
  end: 2757.179931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: Second text I want to look at briefly is Ephesians chapter 2.
  zh: 我想简要看一下的第二段经文是《以弗所书》第2章。
- start: 2757.179931641
  end: 2764.620117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: In verse 4, we read of the great love with which he loved us and what is our condition when he loved us with that great love?
  zh: 在第4节中，我们读到他以大爱爱我们，当他以大爱爱我们时，我们的状况是什么？
- start: 2764.620117188
  end: 2765.179931641
  speaker: unknown
  en: What were we?
  zh: 我们是什么样的？
- start: 2765.179931641
  end: 2768.919921875
  speaker: unknown
  en: Think of Ephesians 1, 1-3.
  zh: 想想《以弗所书》1章1-3节。
- start: 2767.879882812
  end: 2769.379882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: Some of you are saying it.
  zh: 你们中的一些人正在说。
- start: 2769.379882812
  end: 2782.320068359
  speaker: unknown
  en: We were dead in our trespasses and sins, walking according to the course of the world even as the rest of mankind, children of wrath, doing the deeds of the prince of darkness and yet he loved us.
  zh: 我们死在过犯和罪恶中，行事为人随从今世的风俗，与其余的人一样，是可怒之子，行黑暗之王的事，然而他爱我们。
- start: 2782.419921875
  end: 2784.399902344
  speaker: unknown
  en: Listen to what he says in verse 8.
  zh: 听听他在第8节中说的话。
- start: 2784.399902344
  end: 2786.379882812
  speaker: unknown
  en: For by grace you have been saved through faith.
  zh: 你们得救是本乎恩，也因着信。
- start: 2786.379882812
  end: 2792.979980469
  speaker: unknown
  en: And then there's an interesting phrase, and this is not your own doing, it is the gift of God.
  zh: 然后有一句有趣的话，这不是出于你们自己，乃是神所赐的。
- start: 2793.520019531
  end: 2797.080078125
  speaker: unknown
  en: Literally, the own doing is a slight commentary.
  zh: 从字面上看，“出于你们自己”是一个简短的注释。
- start: 2797.080078125
  end: 2801.020019531
  speaker: unknown
  en: Literally, this is not of you, that's what it says.
  zh: 从字面上看，这不是出于你们自己，就是这么说的。
- start: 2801.020019531
  end: 2804.620117188
  speaker: unknown
  en: This grace of God is not of you, it's the gift of God.
  zh: 这神的恩典不是出于你们自己，乃是神所赐的。
- start: 2804.620117188
  end: 2816.340087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: I want to submit that when Paul says that this saving grace is not of yourselves, he rules out not only our works as sources of our salvation, but he also rules out our depraved natures.
  zh: 我想指出，当保罗说这救恩的恩典不是出于你们自己时，他不仅排除了我们的行为作为我们得救的来源，也排除了我们堕落的本性。
- start: 2816.340087891
  end: 2821.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: What he means is this, it's not your depravity that caused his love.
  zh: 他的意思是，不是你的堕落引起了他的爱。
- start: 2821.219970703
  end: 2828.199951172
  speaker: unknown
  en: Listen folks, there are many depraved who are left to die in their sins and will suffer eternal perdition.
  zh: 听着，朋友们，有许多堕落的人被留在罪中死去，将遭受永远的毁灭。
- start: 2828.219970703
  end: 2830.260009766
  speaker: unknown
  en: Jacob I have loved, Esau I have hated.
  zh: 雅各是我所爱的，以扫是我所恨的。
- start: 2830.260009766
  end: 2834.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's not our unloveliness that moves his love, it's his gratuity.
  zh: 不是我们的不可爱激动了他的爱，而是他的恩赐。
- start: 2834.939941406
  end: 2842.939941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: When he says that this grace is not of you, I think what he means in a very broad sense is it's not of your doing and it's not of your condition.
  zh: 当他说这恩典不是出于你们自己时，我认为他的意思是广义上说，不是出于你们的行为，也不是出于你们的状况。
- start: 2843.320068359
  end: 2850.820068359
  speaker: unknown
  en: You are not the thing that caused or made God to love you with the great love with which he loves you.
  zh: 你不是引起或使神以他的大爱爱你的原因。
- start: 2850.820068359
  end: 2854.040039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: It's pure beneficence, it's pure gratuity.
  zh: 这是纯粹的仁慈，是纯粹的恩赐。
- start: 2854.879882812
  end: 2864.540039062
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is the thing that divine impossibility as in historic classic doctrine is really well suited to protect.
  zh: 这是历史经典教义中的神不受感性教义非常适合保护的东西。
- start: 2865.139892578
  end: 2885.360107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: This pure, boundless gratuity of God, this pure, boundless, holy opposition to sin, our position is not that God does not care, our position is that God could not be made to care more than he does, but he rather cares with the infinite fullness of his being.
  zh: 这种神的纯粹、无限的恩赐，这种纯粹、无限的圣洁反对罪恶，我们的立场不是神不关心，而是神不可能被迫关心更多，而是他以他无限的存在关心。
- start: 2885.360107422
  end: 2892.360107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: God could not possibly be more loving, caring, or opposed to sin than he is from all eternity.
  zh: 神不可能比他从永恒以来更有爱心、更关心或更反对罪恶。
- start: 2892.439941406
  end: 2895.060058594
  speaker: unknown
  en: This is the good news of his impassibility.
  zh: 这是他不受感性的好消息。
- start: 2895.060058594
  end: 2895.860107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: Let's pray.
  zh: 让我们祷告。
- start: 2896.179931641
  end: 2903.439941406
  speaker: unknown
  en: God you are good and you do good and you have shown love to us sinners in your son Christ Jesus who loved us and gave himself for us.
  zh: 神啊，你是良善的，你行善，你在你的儿子基督耶稣里向我们这些罪人显明了你的爱，他爱我们，为我们舍己。
- start: 2903.439941406
  end: 2917.360107422
  speaker: unknown
  en: Lord we bless you and thank you that you are not like we are, cast about by the operations of others upon you, but Lord you do sit enthroned above the circle of the earth and you work your perfect counsel in all things that transpire.
  zh: 主啊，我们赞美你，感谢你，你不像我们一样，被他人的行为所左右，主啊，你坐在地球的圆圈之上，你在一切发生的事情中行使你完美的旨意。
- start: 2917.360107422
  end: 2920.320068359
  speaker: unknown
  en: Lord you are indeed our rock and our refuge.
  zh: 主啊，你确实是我们的磐石和避难所。
- start: 2920.580078125
  end: 2921.820068359
  speaker: unknown
  en: We seek no other.
  zh: 我们不寻求其他。
- start: 2921.939941406
  end: 2923.719970703
  speaker: unknown
  en: We bless you and thank you in Christ's name.
  zh: 我们奉基督的名祝福你，感谢你。
- start: 2923.719970703
  end: 2923.840087891
  speaker: unknown
  en: Amen.
  zh: 阿们。
